Abstract
The RA nuclear reactor stopped operation after March 1979 campaign due to appearance of aluminium oxyhydrates deposits on the surface of fuel element claddings. Relevant decisions of the Sanitary inspection body of the Ministry of health and the Director General of the 'Boris Kidric' Institute of nuclear sciences, Vinca, banned further reactor operation until reasons caused aluminium oxyhydrates deposition are investigated and removed to enable regular reactor operation. Until the end of 1979 and during 1980, after a series of analyses and findings that caused cease of reactor operation, all the preparatory actions needed for restart were performed. Due to the fact that there is no emergency cooling system and no appropriate filtering system at the reactor, and according to the new regulations about start up of nuclear facilities, the Sanitary inspection body made a decision about temporary licence for reactor start-up meaning performance of the 'zero experiment' limiting the operating power to 1% of the nominal power. Accordingly the reactor was restarted on January 21 1981. Criticality was reached with the core made of 80% enriched fuel elements only. After the experiment was finished by the end of March a permission was demanded for operation at higher power levels
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Sotic, O;
Milosevic, M;
Martinc, R;
Kozomara-Maic, S;
Cupac, S;
Radivojevic, J;
Stamenkovic, D;
Skoric, M
[1]
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Boris Kidric, Vinca, Beograd (Serbia and Montenegro)
Citation Formats
Sotic, O, Milosevic, M, Martinc, R, Kozomara-Maic, S, Cupac, S, Radivojevic, J, Stamenkovic, D, and Skoric, M.
RA Research reactor Annual report 1981 - Part 1, Operation, maintenance and utilization of the RA reactor; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RA, Deo 1 - Pogon, odrzavanje i eksploatacija reaktora u 1981. godini.
Serbia and Montenegro: N. p.,
1981.
Web.
Sotic, O, Milosevic, M, Martinc, R, Kozomara-Maic, S, Cupac, S, Radivojevic, J, Stamenkovic, D, & Skoric, M.
RA Research reactor Annual report 1981 - Part 1, Operation, maintenance and utilization of the RA reactor; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RA, Deo 1 - Pogon, odrzavanje i eksploatacija reaktora u 1981. godini.
Serbia and Montenegro.
Sotic, O, Milosevic, M, Martinc, R, Kozomara-Maic, S, Cupac, S, Radivojevic, J, Stamenkovic, D, and Skoric, M.
1981.
"RA Research reactor Annual report 1981 - Part 1, Operation, maintenance and utilization of the RA reactor; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RA, Deo 1 - Pogon, odrzavanje i eksploatacija reaktora u 1981. godini."
Serbia and Montenegro.
@misc{etde_20733529,
title = {RA Research reactor Annual report 1981 - Part 1, Operation, maintenance and utilization of the RA reactor; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RA, Deo 1 - Pogon, odrzavanje i eksploatacija reaktora u 1981. godini}
author = {Sotic, O, Milosevic, M, Martinc, R, Kozomara-Maic, S, Cupac, S, Radivojevic, J, Stamenkovic, D, and Skoric, M}
abstractNote = {The RA nuclear reactor stopped operation after March 1979 campaign due to appearance of aluminium oxyhydrates deposits on the surface of fuel element claddings. Relevant decisions of the Sanitary inspection body of the Ministry of health and the Director General of the 'Boris Kidric' Institute of nuclear sciences, Vinca, banned further reactor operation until reasons caused aluminium oxyhydrates deposition are investigated and removed to enable regular reactor operation. Until the end of 1979 and during 1980, after a series of analyses and findings that caused cease of reactor operation, all the preparatory actions needed for restart were performed. Due to the fact that there is no emergency cooling system and no appropriate filtering system at the reactor, and according to the new regulations about start up of nuclear facilities, the Sanitary inspection body made a decision about temporary licence for reactor start-up meaning performance of the 'zero experiment' limiting the operating power to 1% of the nominal power. Accordingly the reactor was restarted on January 21 1981. Criticality was reached with the core made of 80% enriched fuel elements only. After the experiment was finished by the end of March a permission was demanded for operation at higher power levels at full power. Taking into account the state of the reactor components the operating licence was issued limiting the power to 2 MW until reconstruction of the ventilation system and construction of the emergency cooling system are fulfilled. Program of testing operation started on September 15 1981 increasing gradually the operating power. Thus the reactor was operated at 2 MW power for 15 days during November and December. The total production achieved in 1981 was 1698 MWh. This enabled isotopes production at the reactor during last two months. Control and maintenance of the reactor components and systems was done regularly and efficiently within limits imposed by availability of spare parts. The biggest difficulty was maintenance of reactor instrumentation. During 1981 the reactor was operated safely, there was no accident nor incident that would affect the safety of reactor personnel or the environment. The testing operation will be continued in 1982,and the experience so far shows that the program would be successfully fulfilled on the whole. [Serbo-Croat] Nuklearni reaktor RA prestao je sa radom nakon martovske kampanje 1979. godine usled pojave talozenja oksihidrata aluminijuma na kosuljicama gorivnih elemenata. Odgovarajucim resenjima Sanitarnog inspektorata Republickog sekretarijata za zdravje i socijalnu politiku SR Srbije i generalnog direktora Instituta za nuklearne nauke 'Boris Kidric', Vinca zabranjen je dalji rad reaktora sve dok se ne utvrde uzroci stvaranja oksihidrata aluminijuma i njihovog talozenja, preduzmu mere za njihovo uklanjanje i ne obezbede potrebni uslovi za normalan nastavak rada reaktora. Do kraja 1979. i tokom 1980. godine, nakon niza izvrsenih analiza i utvrdjivanja uzroka koji su doveli do zaustavljanja rada reaktora, izvrsene su sve neophodne pripreme za ponovno pustanje reaktora u rad. Polazeci od cinjenice da na reaktoru RA ne postoji sistem za hladjenje jezgra u slucaju udesa i da ne postoji adekvatan sistem za filtriranje potencijalno zagadjenog vazduha, a saglasno sa novim propisima o pustanju u rad i probnom radu nuklearnih objekata, Sanitarni inspektorat je doneo privremeno resenje kojim se dozvoljava pustanje reaktora u rad, tj. izvodjenje tzv. 'nultog eksperimenta' uz ogranicenje snage na 1% od vrednosti nominalne snage. Na osnovu dobijene dozvole, reaktor RA je ponovo pusten u rad 21. januara 1981. godine, kada je dostignuta kriticnost sa jezgrom sastavljenim iskljucivo od gorivnih elemenata od 80% obogacenog uranijuma. Eksperiment je zavrsen krajem marta, nakon cega je zatrazena dozvola za probni rad na vecim snagama i potom za rad na punoj snazi. Uzimajuci postojece stanje reaktora RA doneto je resenje kojim se dozvoljava probni rad reaktora uz ogranicenje snage do 2 MW dok se ne izvrsi rekonstrukcija ventilacionog sistema i ne izgradi sistem za prinudno hladjenje jezgra u slucaju udesa. Realizacija programa probnog rada zapoceta je 15. septembra 1981. godine uz postupno povecanje snage tako da je u novembru i decembru reaktor radio na snazi od 2 MW u trajanju od 15 dana. Na reaktoru je u toku 1981. godine ostvaren rad od ukupno 1698 MWh. To je omogucilo da se reaktor u poslednja dva meseca koristi i za proizvodnju radioizotopa. Kontrola i odrzavanje celokupne opreme, kao i remontni radovi izvrsavani su redovno i efikasno u granicama koje su diktirane raspolozivoscu repromaterijalom i rezervnim delovima. Najvecu poteskocu pricinjava odrzavanje instrumentacije. Reaktor je u toku 1981. godine radio potpuno bezbedno i sigurno kako po osoblje tako i po ostalo ljudstvo u zgradi reaktora i van nje. Nije se dogodio ni jedan akcident vezan za rad reaktora. Probni rad ce biti nastavljen i u 1982. godini a dosadasnji rezultati pokazuju da ce ceo program biti uspesno realizovan.}
place = {Serbia and Montenegro}
year = {1981}
month = {Dec}
}
title = {RA Research reactor Annual report 1981 - Part 1, Operation, maintenance and utilization of the RA reactor; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RA, Deo 1 - Pogon, odrzavanje i eksploatacija reaktora u 1981. godini}
author = {Sotic, O, Milosevic, M, Martinc, R, Kozomara-Maic, S, Cupac, S, Radivojevic, J, Stamenkovic, D, and Skoric, M}
abstractNote = {The RA nuclear reactor stopped operation after March 1979 campaign due to appearance of aluminium oxyhydrates deposits on the surface of fuel element claddings. Relevant decisions of the Sanitary inspection body of the Ministry of health and the Director General of the 'Boris Kidric' Institute of nuclear sciences, Vinca, banned further reactor operation until reasons caused aluminium oxyhydrates deposition are investigated and removed to enable regular reactor operation. Until the end of 1979 and during 1980, after a series of analyses and findings that caused cease of reactor operation, all the preparatory actions needed for restart were performed. Due to the fact that there is no emergency cooling system and no appropriate filtering system at the reactor, and according to the new regulations about start up of nuclear facilities, the Sanitary inspection body made a decision about temporary licence for reactor start-up meaning performance of the 'zero experiment' limiting the operating power to 1% of the nominal power. Accordingly the reactor was restarted on January 21 1981. Criticality was reached with the core made of 80% enriched fuel elements only. After the experiment was finished by the end of March a permission was demanded for operation at higher power levels at full power. Taking into account the state of the reactor components the operating licence was issued limiting the power to 2 MW until reconstruction of the ventilation system and construction of the emergency cooling system are fulfilled. Program of testing operation started on September 15 1981 increasing gradually the operating power. Thus the reactor was operated at 2 MW power for 15 days during November and December. The total production achieved in 1981 was 1698 MWh. This enabled isotopes production at the reactor during last two months. Control and maintenance of the reactor components and systems was done regularly and efficiently within limits imposed by availability of spare parts. The biggest difficulty was maintenance of reactor instrumentation. During 1981 the reactor was operated safely, there was no accident nor incident that would affect the safety of reactor personnel or the environment. The testing operation will be continued in 1982,and the experience so far shows that the program would be successfully fulfilled on the whole. [Serbo-Croat] Nuklearni reaktor RA prestao je sa radom nakon martovske kampanje 1979. godine usled pojave talozenja oksihidrata aluminijuma na kosuljicama gorivnih elemenata. Odgovarajucim resenjima Sanitarnog inspektorata Republickog sekretarijata za zdravje i socijalnu politiku SR Srbije i generalnog direktora Instituta za nuklearne nauke 'Boris Kidric', Vinca zabranjen je dalji rad reaktora sve dok se ne utvrde uzroci stvaranja oksihidrata aluminijuma i njihovog talozenja, preduzmu mere za njihovo uklanjanje i ne obezbede potrebni uslovi za normalan nastavak rada reaktora. Do kraja 1979. i tokom 1980. godine, nakon niza izvrsenih analiza i utvrdjivanja uzroka koji su doveli do zaustavljanja rada reaktora, izvrsene su sve neophodne pripreme za ponovno pustanje reaktora u rad. Polazeci od cinjenice da na reaktoru RA ne postoji sistem za hladjenje jezgra u slucaju udesa i da ne postoji adekvatan sistem za filtriranje potencijalno zagadjenog vazduha, a saglasno sa novim propisima o pustanju u rad i probnom radu nuklearnih objekata, Sanitarni inspektorat je doneo privremeno resenje kojim se dozvoljava pustanje reaktora u rad, tj. izvodjenje tzv. 'nultog eksperimenta' uz ogranicenje snage na 1% od vrednosti nominalne snage. Na osnovu dobijene dozvole, reaktor RA je ponovo pusten u rad 21. januara 1981. godine, kada je dostignuta kriticnost sa jezgrom sastavljenim iskljucivo od gorivnih elemenata od 80% obogacenog uranijuma. Eksperiment je zavrsen krajem marta, nakon cega je zatrazena dozvola za probni rad na vecim snagama i potom za rad na punoj snazi. Uzimajuci postojece stanje reaktora RA doneto je resenje kojim se dozvoljava probni rad reaktora uz ogranicenje snage do 2 MW dok se ne izvrsi rekonstrukcija ventilacionog sistema i ne izgradi sistem za prinudno hladjenje jezgra u slucaju udesa. Realizacija programa probnog rada zapoceta je 15. septembra 1981. godine uz postupno povecanje snage tako da je u novembru i decembru reaktor radio na snazi od 2 MW u trajanju od 15 dana. Na reaktoru je u toku 1981. godine ostvaren rad od ukupno 1698 MWh. To je omogucilo da se reaktor u poslednja dva meseca koristi i za proizvodnju radioizotopa. Kontrola i odrzavanje celokupne opreme, kao i remontni radovi izvrsavani su redovno i efikasno u granicama koje su diktirane raspolozivoscu repromaterijalom i rezervnim delovima. Najvecu poteskocu pricinjava odrzavanje instrumentacije. Reaktor je u toku 1981. godine radio potpuno bezbedno i sigurno kako po osoblje tako i po ostalo ljudstvo u zgradi reaktora i van nje. Nije se dogodio ni jedan akcident vezan za rad reaktora. Probni rad ce biti nastavljen i u 1982. godini a dosadasnji rezultati pokazuju da ce ceo program biti uspesno realizovan.}
place = {Serbia and Montenegro}
year = {1981}
month = {Dec}
}