Abstract
Flow-Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) is a corrosion mechanism that results in wall thinning in piping systems and process components. It takes place in power plant systems, where the protective oxide layer consists mostly of magnetite and the flowing medium is water or wet steam. FAC is a serious concern in secondary-side piping and pieces of equipment. A review of failures and significant degradation caused by FAC for steam generator (SG) internals has been performed and the results are documented in this technical note. The review covers recirculating SGs used in CANDU and PWR plants. It includes SGs designed by Babcock and Wilcox, Westinghouse, Combustion Engineering, and Framatome. Reports, memoranda, published papers, regulatory letters and notices, and station records were used in the review and preparation of this document. FAC has significantly degraded secondary-side internals in some SGs. It resulted in several repairs and replacements of SG internals that were carried out in SGs in the USA, Canada, South Korea, and France. The most vulnerable internals are those made of carbon steel in the feedwater flow path, primary separators, and the top tube support plates (TSPs). The main reasons for degradation are ammonia water chemistry with low pH, high fluid velocity, and
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Pietralik, J
[1]
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, Ontario (Canada)
Citation Formats
Pietralik, J.
Review of failures of steam generator internals due to flow-accelerated corrosion.
Canada: N. p.,
2003.
Web.
Pietralik, J.
Review of failures of steam generator internals due to flow-accelerated corrosion.
Canada.
Pietralik, J.
2003.
"Review of failures of steam generator internals due to flow-accelerated corrosion."
Canada.
@misc{etde_20617891,
title = {Review of failures of steam generator internals due to flow-accelerated corrosion}
author = {Pietralik, J}
abstractNote = {Flow-Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) is a corrosion mechanism that results in wall thinning in piping systems and process components. It takes place in power plant systems, where the protective oxide layer consists mostly of magnetite and the flowing medium is water or wet steam. FAC is a serious concern in secondary-side piping and pieces of equipment. A review of failures and significant degradation caused by FAC for steam generator (SG) internals has been performed and the results are documented in this technical note. The review covers recirculating SGs used in CANDU and PWR plants. It includes SGs designed by Babcock and Wilcox, Westinghouse, Combustion Engineering, and Framatome. Reports, memoranda, published papers, regulatory letters and notices, and station records were used in the review and preparation of this document. FAC has significantly degraded secondary-side internals in some SGs. It resulted in several repairs and replacements of SG internals that were carried out in SGs in the USA, Canada, South Korea, and France. The most vulnerable internals are those made of carbon steel in the feedwater flow path, primary separators, and the top tube support plates (TSPs). The main reasons for degradation are ammonia water chemistry with low pH, high fluid velocity, and low chromium content in carbon steel (about 0.05% or less). Hydrazine used at a range of about 50 to 300 ppb is a contributing factor. (author)}
place = {Canada}
year = {2003}
month = {Jul}
}
title = {Review of failures of steam generator internals due to flow-accelerated corrosion}
author = {Pietralik, J}
abstractNote = {Flow-Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) is a corrosion mechanism that results in wall thinning in piping systems and process components. It takes place in power plant systems, where the protective oxide layer consists mostly of magnetite and the flowing medium is water or wet steam. FAC is a serious concern in secondary-side piping and pieces of equipment. A review of failures and significant degradation caused by FAC for steam generator (SG) internals has been performed and the results are documented in this technical note. The review covers recirculating SGs used in CANDU and PWR plants. It includes SGs designed by Babcock and Wilcox, Westinghouse, Combustion Engineering, and Framatome. Reports, memoranda, published papers, regulatory letters and notices, and station records were used in the review and preparation of this document. FAC has significantly degraded secondary-side internals in some SGs. It resulted in several repairs and replacements of SG internals that were carried out in SGs in the USA, Canada, South Korea, and France. The most vulnerable internals are those made of carbon steel in the feedwater flow path, primary separators, and the top tube support plates (TSPs). The main reasons for degradation are ammonia water chemistry with low pH, high fluid velocity, and low chromium content in carbon steel (about 0.05% or less). Hydrazine used at a range of about 50 to 300 ppb is a contributing factor. (author)}
place = {Canada}
year = {2003}
month = {Jul}
}