Abstract
There is a growing epidemic of insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in Indians. We postulate that increased susceptibility of the urban Indians to insulin resistance is a result of a tendency to increased fat deposition from the time of intrauterine life (thrifty phenotype), exaggerated in the urban environment by a positive energy balance. The pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by the inflammatory cells as well by the adipose tissue could aggravate insulin resistance and endothelial damage and therefore, increase the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) independent of the previously proposed glucose fatty acid cycle mechanism. In a preliminary study, we propose to make detailed measurements of the proposed mechanisms in a selected population from 3 geographical locations in and near the city of Pune, India and also validate simple 'epidemiologic' measurements of body composition with 'reference' measurements. One hundred men (30 to 50y) each from the three geographical locations (rural, urban slum-dwellers and urban middle class in Pune) will be studied for: (i) Body composition: Anthropometric and bioimpedance measurement of total body fat (to be calibrated against deuterated water in 30 subjects from each location), and muscle mass by anthropometry and urinary creatinine excretion; (ii) Body fat distribution
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Yajnik, C S;
[1]
Yudkin, J S;
[2]
Shetty, P S;
[3]
Kurpad, A
[4]
- Diabetes Unit, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune (India)
- Whittington Hospital, University College of London, London (United Kingdom)
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London (United Kingdom)
- St. John's Medical College, Bangalore (India)
Citation Formats
Yajnik, C S, Yudkin, J S, Shetty, P S, and Kurpad, A.
Total body fat, pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in Indian subjects.
IAEA: N. p.,
1999.
Web.
Yajnik, C S, Yudkin, J S, Shetty, P S, & Kurpad, A.
Total body fat, pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in Indian subjects.
IAEA.
Yajnik, C S, Yudkin, J S, Shetty, P S, and Kurpad, A.
1999.
"Total body fat, pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in Indian subjects."
IAEA.
@misc{etde_20067524,
title = {Total body fat, pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in Indian subjects}
author = {Yajnik, C S, Yudkin, J S, Shetty, P S, and Kurpad, A}
abstractNote = {There is a growing epidemic of insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in Indians. We postulate that increased susceptibility of the urban Indians to insulin resistance is a result of a tendency to increased fat deposition from the time of intrauterine life (thrifty phenotype), exaggerated in the urban environment by a positive energy balance. The pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by the inflammatory cells as well by the adipose tissue could aggravate insulin resistance and endothelial damage and therefore, increase the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) independent of the previously proposed glucose fatty acid cycle mechanism. In a preliminary study, we propose to make detailed measurements of the proposed mechanisms in a selected population from 3 geographical locations in and near the city of Pune, India and also validate simple 'epidemiologic' measurements of body composition with 'reference' measurements. One hundred men (30 to 50y) each from the three geographical locations (rural, urban slum-dwellers and urban middle class in Pune) will be studied for: (i) Body composition: Anthropometric and bioimpedance measurement of total body fat (to be calibrated against deuterated water in 30 subjects from each location), and muscle mass by anthropometry and urinary creatinine excretion; (ii) Body fat distribution by subscapular- triceps ratio, waist-hip ratio; (iii) Metabolic: Glucose tolerance and insulin resistance variables (insulin, lipids, NEFA) and leptin; (iv) Endothelial markers: e-Selectin and von Willebrand Factor (vWF); (v) Inflammatory markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines: C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF- {alpha}); (vi) Energy Balance: Assessment of nutritional intake (calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats, n3 and n6 fatty acids) and physical activity by a questionnaire. Insulin resistance variables, endothelial markers, cytokines and obesity parameters will be compared in the 3 groups. Energy intake and physical activity will be related to obesity parameters and n3 and n6 fatty acid intake will be related to inflammatory markers. Multivariate analysis will be used to explore the independent contributions of levels of circulating cytokines and of obesity to insulin resistance syndrome variables and endothelial markers, controlling for place of residence. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1999}
month = {Jul}
}
title = {Total body fat, pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in Indian subjects}
author = {Yajnik, C S, Yudkin, J S, Shetty, P S, and Kurpad, A}
abstractNote = {There is a growing epidemic of insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in Indians. We postulate that increased susceptibility of the urban Indians to insulin resistance is a result of a tendency to increased fat deposition from the time of intrauterine life (thrifty phenotype), exaggerated in the urban environment by a positive energy balance. The pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by the inflammatory cells as well by the adipose tissue could aggravate insulin resistance and endothelial damage and therefore, increase the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) independent of the previously proposed glucose fatty acid cycle mechanism. In a preliminary study, we propose to make detailed measurements of the proposed mechanisms in a selected population from 3 geographical locations in and near the city of Pune, India and also validate simple 'epidemiologic' measurements of body composition with 'reference' measurements. One hundred men (30 to 50y) each from the three geographical locations (rural, urban slum-dwellers and urban middle class in Pune) will be studied for: (i) Body composition: Anthropometric and bioimpedance measurement of total body fat (to be calibrated against deuterated water in 30 subjects from each location), and muscle mass by anthropometry and urinary creatinine excretion; (ii) Body fat distribution by subscapular- triceps ratio, waist-hip ratio; (iii) Metabolic: Glucose tolerance and insulin resistance variables (insulin, lipids, NEFA) and leptin; (iv) Endothelial markers: e-Selectin and von Willebrand Factor (vWF); (v) Inflammatory markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines: C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF- {alpha}); (vi) Energy Balance: Assessment of nutritional intake (calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats, n3 and n6 fatty acids) and physical activity by a questionnaire. Insulin resistance variables, endothelial markers, cytokines and obesity parameters will be compared in the 3 groups. Energy intake and physical activity will be related to obesity parameters and n3 and n6 fatty acid intake will be related to inflammatory markers. Multivariate analysis will be used to explore the independent contributions of levels of circulating cytokines and of obesity to insulin resistance syndrome variables and endothelial markers, controlling for place of residence. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1999}
month = {Jul}
}