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Centrifugation. A theoretical study of oxygen enrichment by centrifugation

Abstract

In the present paper we first investigate what happens if we fill a cylinder with air, close it and rotate it. The results show that no matter which peripheral speed is used, it is not possible by means of the radial separation effect alone, to enrich the oxygen concentration from the previous 21% to more then 23.3%, which is of no practical value. In case of a too low enrichment in one centrifuge, the wanted material from this centrifuge can be used as an input for a second centrifuge and so on, in this way forming a cascade of centrifuges. Oxygen will be enriched in each step, until the desired concentration is reached. Cascading was the technology in the very beginning by enrichment plants for uraniumhexaflouride, used for atomic weapons and nuclear power plants. In this study we try to avoid cascading by aiming for higher separation factors. Therefore, we next investigate the possibilities of using a countercurrent centrifuge where in principle the enriched gas is subjected to several centrifugation in the same centrifuge. The calculations show, that in this way it is possible to produce nearly a 100% pure oxygen (polluted with some heavier molecules like argon) in one  More>>
Publication Date:
Dec 01, 1998
Product Type:
Technical Report
Report Number:
NEI-DK-3469
Reference Number:
SCA: 320303; PA: DK-99:001572; EDB-99:079107; SN: 99002120506
Resource Relation:
Other Information: PBD: Dec 1998
Subject:
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; OXYGEN ENRICHMENT; CENTRIFUGATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; VELOCITY; ENERGY CONSUMPTION; GAS CENTRIFUGES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; AIR; FEASIBILITY STUDIES; 320303; EQUIPMENT AND PROCESSES
OSTI ID:
10147855
Research Organizations:
CETEC E/F, Aalborg (Denmark)
Country of Origin:
Denmark
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ON: DE99758213; CNN: Contract ENS-1253/96-0007; TRN: DK9901572
Availability:
OSTI; NTIS
Submitting Site:
DK
Size:
56 p.
Announcement Date:
Sep 13, 1999

Citation Formats

Kierkegaard, P, and Raetz, E. Centrifugation. A theoretical study of oxygen enrichment by centrifugation. Denmark: N. p., 1998. Web.
Kierkegaard, P, & Raetz, E. Centrifugation. A theoretical study of oxygen enrichment by centrifugation. Denmark.
Kierkegaard, P, and Raetz, E. 1998. "Centrifugation. A theoretical study of oxygen enrichment by centrifugation." Denmark.
@misc{etde_10147855,
title = {Centrifugation. A theoretical study of oxygen enrichment by centrifugation}
author = {Kierkegaard, P, and Raetz, E}
abstractNote = {In the present paper we first investigate what happens if we fill a cylinder with air, close it and rotate it. The results show that no matter which peripheral speed is used, it is not possible by means of the radial separation effect alone, to enrich the oxygen concentration from the previous 21% to more then 23.3%, which is of no practical value. In case of a too low enrichment in one centrifuge, the wanted material from this centrifuge can be used as an input for a second centrifuge and so on, in this way forming a cascade of centrifuges. Oxygen will be enriched in each step, until the desired concentration is reached. Cascading was the technology in the very beginning by enrichment plants for uraniumhexaflouride, used for atomic weapons and nuclear power plants. In this study we try to avoid cascading by aiming for higher separation factors. Therefore, we next investigate the possibilities of using a countercurrent centrifuge where in principle the enriched gas is subjected to several centrifugation in the same centrifuge. The calculations show, that in this way it is possible to produce nearly a 100% pure oxygen (polluted with some heavier molecules like argon) in one machine. Our third step was to calculate the amount of oxygen produced per hour. Using a countercurrent centrifuge of the Zippe type, 100 cm high and 20 cm in diameter, it is or will be possible in the near future to produce 17 g enriched air per hour enriched to 50% oxygen. That corresponds to processing 1 m{sup 3} atmospherical air in the period of approximately 24 hours. This is not very impressive. Our fourth step was to estimate the amount of power used for producing this amount of oxygen. A rough, but complicated, estimate shows that the power consumption at the production level will be about the double of the consumption used today. The overall conclusion is, that centrifugation as a production method for oxygen (or nitrogen) will not be competitive with the currently used method in the foreseeable future. (EHS) EFP-96. 17 refs.}
place = {Denmark}
year = {1998}
month = {Dec}
}