Abstract
The design of the CERN Heavy-Ion Facility is described. This facility will be based on a new ion linear accelerator (Linac 3), together with improvements to the other accelerators of the CERN complex to allow them to cope with heavy ions, i.e. to the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). For this reference design, the pure isotope of lead, {sup 208}Pb, is considered. The bulk of the report describes Linac 3, a purpose-built heavy-ion linac mainly designed and constructed in collaboration with several CERN member state laboratories, but also with contributions from non-member states. Modifications and improvements to existing CERN accelerators essentially concern the RF acceleration, beam control and beam monitoring (all machines), beam kickers and septa at the input and output of the PSB, and major vacuum improvements, aiming to reduce the pressure by factors of at least seven and three in the PSB and PS respectively. After injection from the Electron Cyclotron Resonance source at 2.5 keV/u the partially stripped heavy-ion beam is accelerated successively by a Radio Frequency Quadrupole and an Interdigital-H linac to 4.2 MeV/u. After stripping to {sup 208}Pb{sup 53+}, the beam is again accelerated, firstly in
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Warner, D;
[1]
Angert, N;
Bourgarel, M P;
Brouzet, E;
Cappi, R;
Dekkers, D;
Evans, J;
Gelato, G;
Haseroth, H;
Hill, C E;
Hutter, G;
Knott, J;
Kugler, H;
Lombardi, A;
Lustig, H;
Malwitz, E;
Nitsch, F;
Parisi, G;
Pisent, A;
Raich, U;
Ratzinger, U;
Riccati, L;
Schempp, A;
Schindl, K;
Schoenauer, H;
Tetu, P;
Umstaetter, H H;
Rooij, M van;
Weiss, M
- ed.
Citation Formats
Warner, D, Angert, N, Bourgarel, M P, Brouzet, E, Cappi, R, Dekkers, D, Evans, J, Gelato, G, Haseroth, H, Hill, C E, Hutter, G, Knott, J, Kugler, H, Lombardi, A, Lustig, H, Malwitz, E, Nitsch, F, Parisi, G, Pisent, A, Raich, U, Ratzinger, U, Riccati, L, Schempp, A, Schindl, K, Schoenauer, H, Tetu, P, Umstaetter, H H, Rooij, M van, and Weiss, M.
CERN Heavy-Ion Facility design report.
CERN: N. p.,
1993.
Web.
Warner, D, Angert, N, Bourgarel, M P, Brouzet, E, Cappi, R, Dekkers, D, Evans, J, Gelato, G, Haseroth, H, Hill, C E, Hutter, G, Knott, J, Kugler, H, Lombardi, A, Lustig, H, Malwitz, E, Nitsch, F, Parisi, G, Pisent, A, Raich, U, Ratzinger, U, Riccati, L, Schempp, A, Schindl, K, Schoenauer, H, Tetu, P, Umstaetter, H H, Rooij, M van, & Weiss, M.
CERN Heavy-Ion Facility design report.
CERN.
Warner, D, Angert, N, Bourgarel, M P, Brouzet, E, Cappi, R, Dekkers, D, Evans, J, Gelato, G, Haseroth, H, Hill, C E, Hutter, G, Knott, J, Kugler, H, Lombardi, A, Lustig, H, Malwitz, E, Nitsch, F, Parisi, G, Pisent, A, Raich, U, Ratzinger, U, Riccati, L, Schempp, A, Schindl, K, Schoenauer, H, Tetu, P, Umstaetter, H H, Rooij, M van, and Weiss, M.
1993.
"CERN Heavy-Ion Facility design report."
CERN.
@misc{etde_10147820,
title = {CERN Heavy-Ion Facility design report}
author = {Warner, D, Angert, N, Bourgarel, M P, Brouzet, E, Cappi, R, Dekkers, D, Evans, J, Gelato, G, Haseroth, H, Hill, C E, Hutter, G, Knott, J, Kugler, H, Lombardi, A, Lustig, H, Malwitz, E, Nitsch, F, Parisi, G, Pisent, A, Raich, U, Ratzinger, U, Riccati, L, Schempp, A, Schindl, K, Schoenauer, H, Tetu, P, Umstaetter, H H, Rooij, M van, and Weiss, M}
abstractNote = {The design of the CERN Heavy-Ion Facility is described. This facility will be based on a new ion linear accelerator (Linac 3), together with improvements to the other accelerators of the CERN complex to allow them to cope with heavy ions, i.e. to the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). For this reference design, the pure isotope of lead, {sup 208}Pb, is considered. The bulk of the report describes Linac 3, a purpose-built heavy-ion linac mainly designed and constructed in collaboration with several CERN member state laboratories, but also with contributions from non-member states. Modifications and improvements to existing CERN accelerators essentially concern the RF acceleration, beam control and beam monitoring (all machines), beam kickers and septa at the input and output of the PSB, and major vacuum improvements, aiming to reduce the pressure by factors of at least seven and three in the PSB and PS respectively. After injection from the Electron Cyclotron Resonance source at 2.5 keV/u the partially stripped heavy-ion beam is accelerated successively by a Radio Frequency Quadrupole and an Interdigital-H linac to 4.2 MeV/u. After stripping to {sup 208}Pb{sup 53+}, the beam is again accelerated, firstly in the PSB (to 98.5 MeV/u), then in the PS (to 4.25 GeV/u). The final stage of acceleration in the SPS takes the fully stripped {sup 208}Pb{sup 82+} ions to 177 GeV/u, delivering a beam of 4.10{sup 8} ions per SPS supercycle (15.2 s) to the experiments. The first physics run with lead ions is scheduled for the end of 1994. Finally, some requirements for carrying out heavy-ion physics at the Large Hadron Collider are mentioned. (orig.).}
place = {CERN}
year = {1993}
month = {Apr}
}
title = {CERN Heavy-Ion Facility design report}
author = {Warner, D, Angert, N, Bourgarel, M P, Brouzet, E, Cappi, R, Dekkers, D, Evans, J, Gelato, G, Haseroth, H, Hill, C E, Hutter, G, Knott, J, Kugler, H, Lombardi, A, Lustig, H, Malwitz, E, Nitsch, F, Parisi, G, Pisent, A, Raich, U, Ratzinger, U, Riccati, L, Schempp, A, Schindl, K, Schoenauer, H, Tetu, P, Umstaetter, H H, Rooij, M van, and Weiss, M}
abstractNote = {The design of the CERN Heavy-Ion Facility is described. This facility will be based on a new ion linear accelerator (Linac 3), together with improvements to the other accelerators of the CERN complex to allow them to cope with heavy ions, i.e. to the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). For this reference design, the pure isotope of lead, {sup 208}Pb, is considered. The bulk of the report describes Linac 3, a purpose-built heavy-ion linac mainly designed and constructed in collaboration with several CERN member state laboratories, but also with contributions from non-member states. Modifications and improvements to existing CERN accelerators essentially concern the RF acceleration, beam control and beam monitoring (all machines), beam kickers and septa at the input and output of the PSB, and major vacuum improvements, aiming to reduce the pressure by factors of at least seven and three in the PSB and PS respectively. After injection from the Electron Cyclotron Resonance source at 2.5 keV/u the partially stripped heavy-ion beam is accelerated successively by a Radio Frequency Quadrupole and an Interdigital-H linac to 4.2 MeV/u. After stripping to {sup 208}Pb{sup 53+}, the beam is again accelerated, firstly in the PSB (to 98.5 MeV/u), then in the PS (to 4.25 GeV/u). The final stage of acceleration in the SPS takes the fully stripped {sup 208}Pb{sup 82+} ions to 177 GeV/u, delivering a beam of 4.10{sup 8} ions per SPS supercycle (15.2 s) to the experiments. The first physics run with lead ions is scheduled for the end of 1994. Finally, some requirements for carrying out heavy-ion physics at the Large Hadron Collider are mentioned. (orig.).}
place = {CERN}
year = {1993}
month = {Apr}
}