Abstract
The concept of intercalation relevant to battery electrode materials are introduced in general terms, and then more explicitly for lithium intercalation into the crystalline vanadium oxide V{sub 2}O{sub 5}. The concepts developed in are later used in the analysis of the experimental results obtained with sputtered films of vanadium oxide and lead oxide. It was proven feasible to prepare sputtered vanadium oxide films that can be used as electrodes in solid state micro batteries. The quality of the films is very dependent on the oxygen partial pressure in the sputter gas, as is the sputter rate. The best electrochemical properties are obtained with a high oxygen partial pressure, whereas it is necessary to use lower oxygen pressures to reach acceptable sputter rates. A compromise is between 10% and 20% O{sub 2} in Ar. Sputtering in argon leads to deposition of a reduced vanadium oxide, VO{sub y}, y < 2. Traces of this phase are also found in the films deposited in 10% O{sub 2} / Ar. The reduced oxide is amorphous to x-rays, but is still subject to the same kind of transition at high degrees of Li insertion as found for crystalline V{sub 2}O{sub 5}, and for the films
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West, K;
Zachau-Christiansen, B;
[1]
Skaarup, S;
[2]
Poulsen, F W;
Jensen, K
[3]
- The Technical University of Denmark, Department of Physical Chemistry (DK)
- The Technical University of Denmark, Physics Laboratory 3 (DK)
- Risoe National Laboratory, Materials Department (DK)
Citation Formats
West, K, Zachau-Christiansen, B, Skaarup, S, Poulsen, F W, and Jensen, K.
Electrochemical investigations of sputtered oxide electrodes.
Denmark: N. p.,
1991.
Web.
West, K, Zachau-Christiansen, B, Skaarup, S, Poulsen, F W, & Jensen, K.
Electrochemical investigations of sputtered oxide electrodes.
Denmark.
West, K, Zachau-Christiansen, B, Skaarup, S, Poulsen, F W, and Jensen, K.
1991.
"Electrochemical investigations of sputtered oxide electrodes."
Denmark.
@misc{etde_10144733,
title = {Electrochemical investigations of sputtered oxide electrodes}
author = {West, K, Zachau-Christiansen, B, Skaarup, S, Poulsen, F W, and Jensen, K}
abstractNote = {The concept of intercalation relevant to battery electrode materials are introduced in general terms, and then more explicitly for lithium intercalation into the crystalline vanadium oxide V{sub 2}O{sub 5}. The concepts developed in are later used in the analysis of the experimental results obtained with sputtered films of vanadium oxide and lead oxide. It was proven feasible to prepare sputtered vanadium oxide films that can be used as electrodes in solid state micro batteries. The quality of the films is very dependent on the oxygen partial pressure in the sputter gas, as is the sputter rate. The best electrochemical properties are obtained with a high oxygen partial pressure, whereas it is necessary to use lower oxygen pressures to reach acceptable sputter rates. A compromise is between 10% and 20% O{sub 2} in Ar. Sputtering in argon leads to deposition of a reduced vanadium oxide, VO{sub y}, y < 2. Traces of this phase are also found in the films deposited in 10% O{sub 2} / Ar. The reduced oxide is amorphous to x-rays, but is still subject to the same kind of transition at high degrees of Li insertion as found for crystalline V{sub 2}O{sub 5}, and for the films sputtered in oxygen. For the reduced oxide the distortion has the consequence that the average insertion potential in the second discharge is increased considerably. The cycling properties of the sputtered oxide films are interior to those obtained with traditional composite electrode films because the thin, solid films do not possess the necessary compliance to accommodate changes in volume of the electrode material during deep cycling. (AB) (25 refs.).}
place = {Denmark}
year = {1991}
month = {Dec}
}
title = {Electrochemical investigations of sputtered oxide electrodes}
author = {West, K, Zachau-Christiansen, B, Skaarup, S, Poulsen, F W, and Jensen, K}
abstractNote = {The concept of intercalation relevant to battery electrode materials are introduced in general terms, and then more explicitly for lithium intercalation into the crystalline vanadium oxide V{sub 2}O{sub 5}. The concepts developed in are later used in the analysis of the experimental results obtained with sputtered films of vanadium oxide and lead oxide. It was proven feasible to prepare sputtered vanadium oxide films that can be used as electrodes in solid state micro batteries. The quality of the films is very dependent on the oxygen partial pressure in the sputter gas, as is the sputter rate. The best electrochemical properties are obtained with a high oxygen partial pressure, whereas it is necessary to use lower oxygen pressures to reach acceptable sputter rates. A compromise is between 10% and 20% O{sub 2} in Ar. Sputtering in argon leads to deposition of a reduced vanadium oxide, VO{sub y}, y < 2. Traces of this phase are also found in the films deposited in 10% O{sub 2} / Ar. The reduced oxide is amorphous to x-rays, but is still subject to the same kind of transition at high degrees of Li insertion as found for crystalline V{sub 2}O{sub 5}, and for the films sputtered in oxygen. For the reduced oxide the distortion has the consequence that the average insertion potential in the second discharge is increased considerably. The cycling properties of the sputtered oxide films are interior to those obtained with traditional composite electrode films because the thin, solid films do not possess the necessary compliance to accommodate changes in volume of the electrode material during deep cycling. (AB) (25 refs.).}
place = {Denmark}
year = {1991}
month = {Dec}
}