Abstract
The objective of this work has been to study the influence of combustion conditions and the relative importance of volatiles and char nitrogen on the emission of nitrous and nitric oxide. Based on experimental results as well as literature data a global model for predicting the N{sub 2}O emission from CFB combustion is currently being developed. Complementary work has also been carried out concerning analysis methods for N{sub 2}O, NH{sub 3} and HCN using FTIR, development of a mathematical CFB flow model and investigation of the influence of SO{sub 2} and coal particle size on the formation of N{sub 2}O. In the experimental work wood, lignite, bituminous coal and their chars has been investigated. The reactivity of the chars for destruction of N{sub 2}O was investigated in a bench-scale fixed bed reactor. The influence of fuel, temperature and stoichiometric ratio on the emission and reduction of N{sub 2}O and NO was investigated in a 10 kW stationary bubbling fluidised bed, and in a 500 kW circulating fluidised bed. It was observed, in agreement with the literature, that the fuel-nitrogen from geologically young fuels is released as NH{sub 3} and as HCN from old fuels. The NH{sub 3} is mainly forming
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Citation Formats
Berge, N, Ljungdahl, B, Malmgren, A, Rudling, L, Stroemberg, B, and Zethraeus, B.
Emission of greenhouse gases from coal-fired plants. Formation and destruction of N{sub 2}O and NO{sub x} during combustion in fluidised bed.
Sweden: N. p.,
1993.
Web.
Berge, N, Ljungdahl, B, Malmgren, A, Rudling, L, Stroemberg, B, & Zethraeus, B.
Emission of greenhouse gases from coal-fired plants. Formation and destruction of N{sub 2}O and NO{sub x} during combustion in fluidised bed.
Sweden.
Berge, N, Ljungdahl, B, Malmgren, A, Rudling, L, Stroemberg, B, and Zethraeus, B.
1993.
"Emission of greenhouse gases from coal-fired plants. Formation and destruction of N{sub 2}O and NO{sub x} during combustion in fluidised bed."
Sweden.
@misc{etde_10143113,
title = {Emission of greenhouse gases from coal-fired plants. Formation and destruction of N{sub 2}O and NO{sub x} during combustion in fluidised bed}
author = {Berge, N, Ljungdahl, B, Malmgren, A, Rudling, L, Stroemberg, B, and Zethraeus, B}
abstractNote = {The objective of this work has been to study the influence of combustion conditions and the relative importance of volatiles and char nitrogen on the emission of nitrous and nitric oxide. Based on experimental results as well as literature data a global model for predicting the N{sub 2}O emission from CFB combustion is currently being developed. Complementary work has also been carried out concerning analysis methods for N{sub 2}O, NH{sub 3} and HCN using FTIR, development of a mathematical CFB flow model and investigation of the influence of SO{sub 2} and coal particle size on the formation of N{sub 2}O. In the experimental work wood, lignite, bituminous coal and their chars has been investigated. The reactivity of the chars for destruction of N{sub 2}O was investigated in a bench-scale fixed bed reactor. The influence of fuel, temperature and stoichiometric ratio on the emission and reduction of N{sub 2}O and NO was investigated in a 10 kW stationary bubbling fluidised bed, and in a 500 kW circulating fluidised bed. It was observed, in agreement with the literature, that the fuel-nitrogen from geologically young fuels is released as NH{sub 3} and as HCN from old fuels. The NH{sub 3} is mainly forming NO and N{sub 2} whilst N{sub 2}O is formed in significant quantities when HCN is present. The only char forming N{sub 2}O in significant quantities was the one from the bituminous coal. The nitrogen released with the volatile products from wood and lignite can form small amounts of nitrous oxide. All the chars had a very good capacity for N{sub 2}O-reduction, the most efficient ones were the lignite char and the charcoal. The reduction of NO is, in these experiments, dominated by NO reacting with char, forming CO and N{sub 2}. The reduction seems to be controlled by stoichiometric ratio in the reactor and available char surface. The bed temperature is of less importance. A mathematical model for the formation of N{sub 2}O and NO has been developed.(Abstract Truncated)}
place = {Sweden}
year = {1993}
month = {Dec}
}
title = {Emission of greenhouse gases from coal-fired plants. Formation and destruction of N{sub 2}O and NO{sub x} during combustion in fluidised bed}
author = {Berge, N, Ljungdahl, B, Malmgren, A, Rudling, L, Stroemberg, B, and Zethraeus, B}
abstractNote = {The objective of this work has been to study the influence of combustion conditions and the relative importance of volatiles and char nitrogen on the emission of nitrous and nitric oxide. Based on experimental results as well as literature data a global model for predicting the N{sub 2}O emission from CFB combustion is currently being developed. Complementary work has also been carried out concerning analysis methods for N{sub 2}O, NH{sub 3} and HCN using FTIR, development of a mathematical CFB flow model and investigation of the influence of SO{sub 2} and coal particle size on the formation of N{sub 2}O. In the experimental work wood, lignite, bituminous coal and their chars has been investigated. The reactivity of the chars for destruction of N{sub 2}O was investigated in a bench-scale fixed bed reactor. The influence of fuel, temperature and stoichiometric ratio on the emission and reduction of N{sub 2}O and NO was investigated in a 10 kW stationary bubbling fluidised bed, and in a 500 kW circulating fluidised bed. It was observed, in agreement with the literature, that the fuel-nitrogen from geologically young fuels is released as NH{sub 3} and as HCN from old fuels. The NH{sub 3} is mainly forming NO and N{sub 2} whilst N{sub 2}O is formed in significant quantities when HCN is present. The only char forming N{sub 2}O in significant quantities was the one from the bituminous coal. The nitrogen released with the volatile products from wood and lignite can form small amounts of nitrous oxide. All the chars had a very good capacity for N{sub 2}O-reduction, the most efficient ones were the lignite char and the charcoal. The reduction of NO is, in these experiments, dominated by NO reacting with char, forming CO and N{sub 2}. The reduction seems to be controlled by stoichiometric ratio in the reactor and available char surface. The bed temperature is of less importance. A mathematical model for the formation of N{sub 2}O and NO has been developed.(Abstract Truncated)}
place = {Sweden}
year = {1993}
month = {Dec}
}