Abstract
Combustion of sulphur containing fossil fuels gives rise to both sulphur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and to a lesser extent sulphur trioxide (SO{sub 3}). The formed SO{sub 3} is subsequently converted to H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} in the flue gas at temperatures < 500 degrees C due to the presence of water vapour. A reliable measurement of gaseous H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} is of importance since it allow the boiler owner to operate with the optimum flue gas temperature avoiding potential corrosion problems while maintaining high efficiency. An accurate determination of `SO{sub 3}` is however difficult. The objective of this work has been to develop a new and simpler method and carry out comparisons by parallel measurements with three well-established methods. All the analyses were carried out using ion chromatography. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results obtained. * A heated glass tube packed with NaCL (NF{sub B} method) gave good agreement for SO{sub 3} measurements in comparison with a method based on controlled condensation. The NF{sub B} method is cheap, simple and very easy to use, and therefore has a promising potential. Despite the very low SO{sub 3} levels detected in both field trials, a laboratory study showed an excellent
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Citation Formats
Cooper, D, and Ferm, M.
Comparison of measurement methods for determination of SO{sub 3} concentrations in flue gas; Jaemfoerelse av maetmetoder foer bestaemning av SO{sub 3}-koncentrationer i roekgaser.
Sweden: N. p.,
1994.
Web.
Cooper, D, & Ferm, M.
Comparison of measurement methods for determination of SO{sub 3} concentrations in flue gas; Jaemfoerelse av maetmetoder foer bestaemning av SO{sub 3}-koncentrationer i roekgaser.
Sweden.
Cooper, D, and Ferm, M.
1994.
"Comparison of measurement methods for determination of SO{sub 3} concentrations in flue gas; Jaemfoerelse av maetmetoder foer bestaemning av SO{sub 3}-koncentrationer i roekgaser."
Sweden.
@misc{etde_10143079,
title = {Comparison of measurement methods for determination of SO{sub 3} concentrations in flue gas; Jaemfoerelse av maetmetoder foer bestaemning av SO{sub 3}-koncentrationer i roekgaser}
author = {Cooper, D, and Ferm, M}
abstractNote = {Combustion of sulphur containing fossil fuels gives rise to both sulphur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and to a lesser extent sulphur trioxide (SO{sub 3}). The formed SO{sub 3} is subsequently converted to H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} in the flue gas at temperatures < 500 degrees C due to the presence of water vapour. A reliable measurement of gaseous H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} is of importance since it allow the boiler owner to operate with the optimum flue gas temperature avoiding potential corrosion problems while maintaining high efficiency. An accurate determination of `SO{sub 3}` is however difficult. The objective of this work has been to develop a new and simpler method and carry out comparisons by parallel measurements with three well-established methods. All the analyses were carried out using ion chromatography. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results obtained. * A heated glass tube packed with NaCL (NF{sub B} method) gave good agreement for SO{sub 3} measurements in comparison with a method based on controlled condensation. The NF{sub B} method is cheap, simple and very easy to use, and therefore has a promising potential. Despite the very low SO{sub 3} levels detected in both field trials, a laboratory study showed an excellent recovery for artificially generated SO{sub 3} without interference from SO{sub 2}. * Isopropanol solutions (80% and 100%) used in connection with SO{sub 3} sampling can give significant errors due to the absorption of SO{sub 2} i.e. too high values of SO{sub 3} measured. In all the measurement campaigns in this study, the presence of sulphite in the samples and remarkably high SO{sub 3}/SO{sub x} ratios were observed for these methods. * The spread of 5 analysis results from 5 different laboratories have been tested with two samples; one in 80% isopropanol (average 21,7 mg SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/lit) and one in 3% H{sub 2}O{sub 2} (average 138.8 mg SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/lit).}
place = {Sweden}
year = {1994}
month = {Jan}
}
title = {Comparison of measurement methods for determination of SO{sub 3} concentrations in flue gas; Jaemfoerelse av maetmetoder foer bestaemning av SO{sub 3}-koncentrationer i roekgaser}
author = {Cooper, D, and Ferm, M}
abstractNote = {Combustion of sulphur containing fossil fuels gives rise to both sulphur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and to a lesser extent sulphur trioxide (SO{sub 3}). The formed SO{sub 3} is subsequently converted to H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} in the flue gas at temperatures < 500 degrees C due to the presence of water vapour. A reliable measurement of gaseous H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} is of importance since it allow the boiler owner to operate with the optimum flue gas temperature avoiding potential corrosion problems while maintaining high efficiency. An accurate determination of `SO{sub 3}` is however difficult. The objective of this work has been to develop a new and simpler method and carry out comparisons by parallel measurements with three well-established methods. All the analyses were carried out using ion chromatography. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results obtained. * A heated glass tube packed with NaCL (NF{sub B} method) gave good agreement for SO{sub 3} measurements in comparison with a method based on controlled condensation. The NF{sub B} method is cheap, simple and very easy to use, and therefore has a promising potential. Despite the very low SO{sub 3} levels detected in both field trials, a laboratory study showed an excellent recovery for artificially generated SO{sub 3} without interference from SO{sub 2}. * Isopropanol solutions (80% and 100%) used in connection with SO{sub 3} sampling can give significant errors due to the absorption of SO{sub 2} i.e. too high values of SO{sub 3} measured. In all the measurement campaigns in this study, the presence of sulphite in the samples and remarkably high SO{sub 3}/SO{sub x} ratios were observed for these methods. * The spread of 5 analysis results from 5 different laboratories have been tested with two samples; one in 80% isopropanol (average 21,7 mg SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/lit) and one in 3% H{sub 2}O{sub 2} (average 138.8 mg SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/lit).}
place = {Sweden}
year = {1994}
month = {Jan}
}