Abstract
Formation of aerosols and scaling of process equipment and monitoring systems are examples of problems related to the use of ammonia in desulfurization and denitrification processes. The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas has been studied in simulated and real flue gases using 1.5-12.0 mm internal diameter laboratory plug flow reactors and flows ranging from 0.5-4.0 Nl/min. The reaction temperature, sulphur dioxide concentration and ammonia concentration was 40-80 deg. C, 60-1000 ppm and 120-2000 ppm, respectively. The water content of the gas was typically 6 vol-% and the oxygen content 5 vol-%. Diffusion of the reactants from bulk phase to the reactor wall had minor influence on the observed rate of reaction. The initiation step of the reaction is sensible to surface characteristics. Once initiated, no influence of the reactor construction material is observed, but temperature hysteresis phenomena appears. Formation of aerosols have not been indicated. An overall mechanism for the reaction involving two intermediary species in proposed, and a simple three parameter expression for the reaction rate was developed from the mechanism. The model may be applied in designing ammonia based dry or semi-dry desulphurization processes. A semi-dry application of ammonia for flue gas desulphurization was
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Citation Formats
Hjuler, K.
The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas.
Denmark: N. p.,
1991.
Web.
Hjuler, K.
The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas.
Denmark.
Hjuler, K.
1991.
"The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas."
Denmark.
@misc{etde_10140469,
title = {The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas}
author = {Hjuler, K}
abstractNote = {Formation of aerosols and scaling of process equipment and monitoring systems are examples of problems related to the use of ammonia in desulfurization and denitrification processes. The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas has been studied in simulated and real flue gases using 1.5-12.0 mm internal diameter laboratory plug flow reactors and flows ranging from 0.5-4.0 Nl/min. The reaction temperature, sulphur dioxide concentration and ammonia concentration was 40-80 deg. C, 60-1000 ppm and 120-2000 ppm, respectively. The water content of the gas was typically 6 vol-% and the oxygen content 5 vol-%. Diffusion of the reactants from bulk phase to the reactor wall had minor influence on the observed rate of reaction. The initiation step of the reaction is sensible to surface characteristics. Once initiated, no influence of the reactor construction material is observed, but temperature hysteresis phenomena appears. Formation of aerosols have not been indicated. An overall mechanism for the reaction involving two intermediary species in proposed, and a simple three parameter expression for the reaction rate was developed from the mechanism. The model may be applied in designing ammonia based dry or semi-dry desulphurization processes. A semi-dry application of ammonia for flue gas desulphurization was investigated. The application was interesting due to the possiblity of studying the effect of a relatively low reaction temperature, and of using various additives and materials. Procedures for flue gas sampling and continuous measurement of ammonia were developed for the simultaneous monitoring of sulphur dioxide and amonia concentrations in flue gases. (AB) 75 refs.}
place = {Denmark}
year = {1991}
month = {Jul}
}
title = {The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas}
author = {Hjuler, K}
abstractNote = {Formation of aerosols and scaling of process equipment and monitoring systems are examples of problems related to the use of ammonia in desulfurization and denitrification processes. The reaction between sulphur dioxide and ammonia in flue gas has been studied in simulated and real flue gases using 1.5-12.0 mm internal diameter laboratory plug flow reactors and flows ranging from 0.5-4.0 Nl/min. The reaction temperature, sulphur dioxide concentration and ammonia concentration was 40-80 deg. C, 60-1000 ppm and 120-2000 ppm, respectively. The water content of the gas was typically 6 vol-% and the oxygen content 5 vol-%. Diffusion of the reactants from bulk phase to the reactor wall had minor influence on the observed rate of reaction. The initiation step of the reaction is sensible to surface characteristics. Once initiated, no influence of the reactor construction material is observed, but temperature hysteresis phenomena appears. Formation of aerosols have not been indicated. An overall mechanism for the reaction involving two intermediary species in proposed, and a simple three parameter expression for the reaction rate was developed from the mechanism. The model may be applied in designing ammonia based dry or semi-dry desulphurization processes. A semi-dry application of ammonia for flue gas desulphurization was investigated. The application was interesting due to the possiblity of studying the effect of a relatively low reaction temperature, and of using various additives and materials. Procedures for flue gas sampling and continuous measurement of ammonia were developed for the simultaneous monitoring of sulphur dioxide and amonia concentrations in flue gases. (AB) 75 refs.}
place = {Denmark}
year = {1991}
month = {Jul}
}