Abstract
This paper studies methods of avoiding disputes and resolving problems, in order to clarify the limitation of liability for electric power utilities in the case of power failure. In Japanese electric power supply rules, the escape clause to limit reliability and compensation is not stipulated, beyond the principle of the Civil Law. Investigation was made on electric utility regulations in Japanese electric communication utilities and American and German electric utility regulations which stipulated the escape clause. The investigation reveals that there are various rules about the escape clause concerning the range of application (whether the clause is applicable to intentional or gross negligence, and whether it limits the amount of compensation not only per suffered customer but also over the case as a whole), and about the limit of compensation (whether the upper limit of the amount claimed). It is thought that, in public utilities, the compensation is included into the cost price in an appropriately calculated range, and in practice customers bear it as the power rate. Accordingly, the reason for determining the range of liability and compensation in the escape clause is to present beforehand customers in a package with the power rate standard corresponding to it as
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Citation Formats
Maruyama, M.
Legal aspects of power failure. On limitation of liability for electric utilities; Teiden ni yoru songai no buntan no tame no seidojo no mondai ni tsuite no kosatsu. Jigyosha ni sekinin ga aru baai no baishogaku no seigen.
Japan: N. p.,
1994.
Web.
Maruyama, M.
Legal aspects of power failure. On limitation of liability for electric utilities; Teiden ni yoru songai no buntan no tame no seidojo no mondai ni tsuite no kosatsu. Jigyosha ni sekinin ga aru baai no baishogaku no seigen.
Japan.
Maruyama, M.
1994.
"Legal aspects of power failure. On limitation of liability for electric utilities; Teiden ni yoru songai no buntan no tame no seidojo no mondai ni tsuite no kosatsu. Jigyosha ni sekinin ga aru baai no baishogaku no seigen."
Japan.
@misc{etde_10108125,
title = {Legal aspects of power failure. On limitation of liability for electric utilities; Teiden ni yoru songai no buntan no tame no seidojo no mondai ni tsuite no kosatsu. Jigyosha ni sekinin ga aru baai no baishogaku no seigen}
author = {Maruyama, M}
abstractNote = {This paper studies methods of avoiding disputes and resolving problems, in order to clarify the limitation of liability for electric power utilities in the case of power failure. In Japanese electric power supply rules, the escape clause to limit reliability and compensation is not stipulated, beyond the principle of the Civil Law. Investigation was made on electric utility regulations in Japanese electric communication utilities and American and German electric utility regulations which stipulated the escape clause. The investigation reveals that there are various rules about the escape clause concerning the range of application (whether the clause is applicable to intentional or gross negligence, and whether it limits the amount of compensation not only per suffered customer but also over the case as a whole), and about the limit of compensation (whether the upper limit of the amount claimed). It is thought that, in public utilities, the compensation is included into the cost price in an appropriately calculated range, and in practice customers bear it as the power rate. Accordingly, the reason for determining the range of liability and compensation in the escape clause is to present beforehand customers in a package with the power rate standard corresponding to it as a contract. 35 refs., 2 figs., 6 tabs.}
place = {Japan}
year = {1994}
month = {Apr}
}
title = {Legal aspects of power failure. On limitation of liability for electric utilities; Teiden ni yoru songai no buntan no tame no seidojo no mondai ni tsuite no kosatsu. Jigyosha ni sekinin ga aru baai no baishogaku no seigen}
author = {Maruyama, M}
abstractNote = {This paper studies methods of avoiding disputes and resolving problems, in order to clarify the limitation of liability for electric power utilities in the case of power failure. In Japanese electric power supply rules, the escape clause to limit reliability and compensation is not stipulated, beyond the principle of the Civil Law. Investigation was made on electric utility regulations in Japanese electric communication utilities and American and German electric utility regulations which stipulated the escape clause. The investigation reveals that there are various rules about the escape clause concerning the range of application (whether the clause is applicable to intentional or gross negligence, and whether it limits the amount of compensation not only per suffered customer but also over the case as a whole), and about the limit of compensation (whether the upper limit of the amount claimed). It is thought that, in public utilities, the compensation is included into the cost price in an appropriately calculated range, and in practice customers bear it as the power rate. Accordingly, the reason for determining the range of liability and compensation in the escape clause is to present beforehand customers in a package with the power rate standard corresponding to it as a contract. 35 refs., 2 figs., 6 tabs.}
place = {Japan}
year = {1994}
month = {Apr}
}