Abstract
Exhaust gas emissions of traffic were examined in the areas of St.Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Following compounds were studied: carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}), particles, sulphur dioxide (SO{sub 2}), lead (Pb) and carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}). The traffic modes examined were road traffic, railway traffic, air traffic and waterway traffic. The emission calculations are based on mileage, cycles, fuel consumption and specific emissions. The base year of the calculations is 1992. This overall study of traffic emissions is the first of its kind in the area of the former Soviet Union. The city of St.Petersburg dominates in emissions, as was to be expected. The amount of emissions are quite well in proportion to population. Road traffic is by far the greatest emission source in total traffic emissions. Next are railway, waterway and air traffic. The year 1989 can be considered as a peak year in mileage and emissions in the area of the former Soviet Union. After that year, the political and economic changes significantly decreased the amount of mileage and emissions, especially in the Baltic States. Probably the minimum year for traffic emissions is the base year of
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Citation Formats
Maekelae, K, and Salo, M.
Traffic emissions in Russia and the Baltic States St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
Finland: N. p.,
1994.
Web.
Maekelae, K, & Salo, M.
Traffic emissions in Russia and the Baltic States St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
Finland.
Maekelae, K, and Salo, M.
1994.
"Traffic emissions in Russia and the Baltic States St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania."
Finland.
@misc{etde_10106938,
title = {Traffic emissions in Russia and the Baltic States St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania}
author = {Maekelae, K, and Salo, M}
abstractNote = {Exhaust gas emissions of traffic were examined in the areas of St.Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Following compounds were studied: carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}), particles, sulphur dioxide (SO{sub 2}), lead (Pb) and carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}). The traffic modes examined were road traffic, railway traffic, air traffic and waterway traffic. The emission calculations are based on mileage, cycles, fuel consumption and specific emissions. The base year of the calculations is 1992. This overall study of traffic emissions is the first of its kind in the area of the former Soviet Union. The city of St.Petersburg dominates in emissions, as was to be expected. The amount of emissions are quite well in proportion to population. Road traffic is by far the greatest emission source in total traffic emissions. Next are railway, waterway and air traffic. The year 1989 can be considered as a peak year in mileage and emissions in the area of the former Soviet Union. After that year, the political and economic changes significantly decreased the amount of mileage and emissions, especially in the Baltic States. Probably the minimum year for traffic emissions is the base year of this study, 1992. In Estonia, emissions were halved compared with 1989. In Russia the decrease was not so big}
place = {Finland}
year = {1994}
month = {Dec}
}
title = {Traffic emissions in Russia and the Baltic States St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania}
author = {Maekelae, K, and Salo, M}
abstractNote = {Exhaust gas emissions of traffic were examined in the areas of St.Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Following compounds were studied: carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}), particles, sulphur dioxide (SO{sub 2}), lead (Pb) and carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}). The traffic modes examined were road traffic, railway traffic, air traffic and waterway traffic. The emission calculations are based on mileage, cycles, fuel consumption and specific emissions. The base year of the calculations is 1992. This overall study of traffic emissions is the first of its kind in the area of the former Soviet Union. The city of St.Petersburg dominates in emissions, as was to be expected. The amount of emissions are quite well in proportion to population. Road traffic is by far the greatest emission source in total traffic emissions. Next are railway, waterway and air traffic. The year 1989 can be considered as a peak year in mileage and emissions in the area of the former Soviet Union. After that year, the political and economic changes significantly decreased the amount of mileage and emissions, especially in the Baltic States. Probably the minimum year for traffic emissions is the base year of this study, 1992. In Estonia, emissions were halved compared with 1989. In Russia the decrease was not so big}
place = {Finland}
year = {1994}
month = {Dec}
}