Abstract
Since the introduction of deNO{sub x} processes based on injection of ammonia or urea, the determination of ammonia in flue gases has been associated with a lot of uncertainty. Measurement results achieved with different techniques have often given poor agreement with each other, which has led to difficulties for performance evaluations of SCR/SNCR installations. The aim of this project has been to clarify some of the reasons for the observed discrepancies between different measurement techniques. The work has been limited to measurement techniques for gaseous ammonia in clean gas. A general conclusion from testing of continuous measurement systems is that both IR and UV systems can be considered well suited for ammonia analyses in most flue gas applications. However, discrepancies between different measuring systems were found, but these are more likely to be due to the individual instrument design than to a certain measuring principle. Factors such as function of the instrument`s specific evaluation routines, calibration routines, the construction of the sampling system etc proved to be of great importance for the instrument`s performance. The analyses results from the wet chemical measurements were often in good agreement with the results from the continuous measurement systems, although some tests that gave
More>>
Citation Formats
Johansson, Annika, Harnevie, H, and Axelsson, H.
Evaluation and comparison of different techniques for monitoring ammonia in flue gas; Utvaerdering och jaemfoerelse av maetteknik foer ammoniak i roekgaser.
Sweden: N. p.,
1994.
Web.
Johansson, Annika, Harnevie, H, & Axelsson, H.
Evaluation and comparison of different techniques for monitoring ammonia in flue gas; Utvaerdering och jaemfoerelse av maetteknik foer ammoniak i roekgaser.
Sweden.
Johansson, Annika, Harnevie, H, and Axelsson, H.
1994.
"Evaluation and comparison of different techniques for monitoring ammonia in flue gas; Utvaerdering och jaemfoerelse av maetteknik foer ammoniak i roekgaser."
Sweden.
@misc{etde_10105733,
title = {Evaluation and comparison of different techniques for monitoring ammonia in flue gas; Utvaerdering och jaemfoerelse av maetteknik foer ammoniak i roekgaser}
author = {Johansson, Annika, Harnevie, H, and Axelsson, H}
abstractNote = {Since the introduction of deNO{sub x} processes based on injection of ammonia or urea, the determination of ammonia in flue gases has been associated with a lot of uncertainty. Measurement results achieved with different techniques have often given poor agreement with each other, which has led to difficulties for performance evaluations of SCR/SNCR installations. The aim of this project has been to clarify some of the reasons for the observed discrepancies between different measurement techniques. The work has been limited to measurement techniques for gaseous ammonia in clean gas. A general conclusion from testing of continuous measurement systems is that both IR and UV systems can be considered well suited for ammonia analyses in most flue gas applications. However, discrepancies between different measuring systems were found, but these are more likely to be due to the individual instrument design than to a certain measuring principle. Factors such as function of the instrument`s specific evaluation routines, calibration routines, the construction of the sampling system etc proved to be of great importance for the instrument`s performance. The analyses results from the wet chemical measurements were often in good agreement with the results from the continuous measurement systems, although some tests that gave very different results. From this data, some recommendations for wet chemical analyses have been proposed. One conclusion from the intercalibration is that all of the examined analysis methods (i.e. the indophenol method, ion chromatography and the salicylate method) are well suited for ammonium analyses, provided that the analyses are carried out properly. 20 refs, 39 figs, 27 tabs}
place = {Sweden}
year = {1994}
month = {Oct}
}
title = {Evaluation and comparison of different techniques for monitoring ammonia in flue gas; Utvaerdering och jaemfoerelse av maetteknik foer ammoniak i roekgaser}
author = {Johansson, Annika, Harnevie, H, and Axelsson, H}
abstractNote = {Since the introduction of deNO{sub x} processes based on injection of ammonia or urea, the determination of ammonia in flue gases has been associated with a lot of uncertainty. Measurement results achieved with different techniques have often given poor agreement with each other, which has led to difficulties for performance evaluations of SCR/SNCR installations. The aim of this project has been to clarify some of the reasons for the observed discrepancies between different measurement techniques. The work has been limited to measurement techniques for gaseous ammonia in clean gas. A general conclusion from testing of continuous measurement systems is that both IR and UV systems can be considered well suited for ammonia analyses in most flue gas applications. However, discrepancies between different measuring systems were found, but these are more likely to be due to the individual instrument design than to a certain measuring principle. Factors such as function of the instrument`s specific evaluation routines, calibration routines, the construction of the sampling system etc proved to be of great importance for the instrument`s performance. The analyses results from the wet chemical measurements were often in good agreement with the results from the continuous measurement systems, although some tests that gave very different results. From this data, some recommendations for wet chemical analyses have been proposed. One conclusion from the intercalibration is that all of the examined analysis methods (i.e. the indophenol method, ion chromatography and the salicylate method) are well suited for ammonium analyses, provided that the analyses are carried out properly. 20 refs, 39 figs, 27 tabs}
place = {Sweden}
year = {1994}
month = {Oct}
}