Abstract
A number of heating systems and fresh air systems have been investigated in a highly insulated, low-energy, experimental building. The investigation included perimeter heating, radiator heating with the radiators placed under the windows, or separated from the thermal envelope, and forced hot air heating. Fresh air was taken either directly from the outside or through a crawl-space and was blown into the room with or wihtout preheating, either (a) 2 m above the floor and about 1,5 m from the outer wall, (2) near the ceiling over a window or (3) through three outlets at floor level. The energy consumption for achievement of the desired thermal conditions was evaluated. A computer program was developed to manage the data and calculations. The investigation showed that there was little difference between the systems in their ability to create and maintain satisfactory thermal comfort conditions. The evaluation is primarily based on whether the system kept the room within the limits for the PPD-index (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied of the occupants) given in the international standard ISO 7730. Additionally the radiation asymmetry, the vertical temperature profile and the draught risk were analyzed and assessed. It was concluded that all the systems - including those where
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Citation Formats
Engelund Thomsen, K, Schultz, J M, and Boye-Hansen, L.
Heating systems in low energy houses. A comparison related to energy and comfort; Varmesystemer til lavenergihuse. En energi- og komfortmaessig sammenligning.
Denmark: N. p.,
1994.
Web.
Engelund Thomsen, K, Schultz, J M, & Boye-Hansen, L.
Heating systems in low energy houses. A comparison related to energy and comfort; Varmesystemer til lavenergihuse. En energi- og komfortmaessig sammenligning.
Denmark.
Engelund Thomsen, K, Schultz, J M, and Boye-Hansen, L.
1994.
"Heating systems in low energy houses. A comparison related to energy and comfort; Varmesystemer til lavenergihuse. En energi- og komfortmaessig sammenligning."
Denmark.
@misc{etde_10105140,
title = {Heating systems in low energy houses. A comparison related to energy and comfort; Varmesystemer til lavenergihuse. En energi- og komfortmaessig sammenligning}
author = {Engelund Thomsen, K, Schultz, J M, and Boye-Hansen, L}
abstractNote = {A number of heating systems and fresh air systems have been investigated in a highly insulated, low-energy, experimental building. The investigation included perimeter heating, radiator heating with the radiators placed under the windows, or separated from the thermal envelope, and forced hot air heating. Fresh air was taken either directly from the outside or through a crawl-space and was blown into the room with or wihtout preheating, either (a) 2 m above the floor and about 1,5 m from the outer wall, (2) near the ceiling over a window or (3) through three outlets at floor level. The energy consumption for achievement of the desired thermal conditions was evaluated. A computer program was developed to manage the data and calculations. The investigation showed that there was little difference between the systems in their ability to create and maintain satisfactory thermal comfort conditions. The evaluation is primarily based on whether the system kept the room within the limits for the PPD-index (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied of the occupants) given in the international standard ISO 7730. Additionally the radiation asymmetry, the vertical temperature profile and the draught risk were analyzed and assessed. It was concluded that all the systems - including those where the heat sources were not placed next to the thermal envelope - performed satisfactorily regarding thermal comfort. Investigations confirmed that overheating is likely to occur in highly insulated buildings due to low heat losses and large solar gains - overheating may be limited or prevented by shading, screening or venting, but it is equally important that the heating system can respond quickly to changes in solar and internal gains and has no heat output when there is no actual demand. (AB) (15 refs.)}
place = {Denmark}
year = {1994}
month = {Apr}
}
title = {Heating systems in low energy houses. A comparison related to energy and comfort; Varmesystemer til lavenergihuse. En energi- og komfortmaessig sammenligning}
author = {Engelund Thomsen, K, Schultz, J M, and Boye-Hansen, L}
abstractNote = {A number of heating systems and fresh air systems have been investigated in a highly insulated, low-energy, experimental building. The investigation included perimeter heating, radiator heating with the radiators placed under the windows, or separated from the thermal envelope, and forced hot air heating. Fresh air was taken either directly from the outside or through a crawl-space and was blown into the room with or wihtout preheating, either (a) 2 m above the floor and about 1,5 m from the outer wall, (2) near the ceiling over a window or (3) through three outlets at floor level. The energy consumption for achievement of the desired thermal conditions was evaluated. A computer program was developed to manage the data and calculations. The investigation showed that there was little difference between the systems in their ability to create and maintain satisfactory thermal comfort conditions. The evaluation is primarily based on whether the system kept the room within the limits for the PPD-index (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied of the occupants) given in the international standard ISO 7730. Additionally the radiation asymmetry, the vertical temperature profile and the draught risk were analyzed and assessed. It was concluded that all the systems - including those where the heat sources were not placed next to the thermal envelope - performed satisfactorily regarding thermal comfort. Investigations confirmed that overheating is likely to occur in highly insulated buildings due to low heat losses and large solar gains - overheating may be limited or prevented by shading, screening or venting, but it is equally important that the heating system can respond quickly to changes in solar and internal gains and has no heat output when there is no actual demand. (AB) (15 refs.)}
place = {Denmark}
year = {1994}
month = {Apr}
}