{
  "date" : "2010-12-15",
  "identifier_doecontract" : "",
  "subject" : "14 SOLAR ENERGY; PYRROLES; SOLAR CELLS; ANTHRACENE; HETEROJUNCTIONS; DYES; ABSORPTION; ANNEALING; ABSORPTION SPECTRA; HOLE MOBILITY; THIN FILMS; LAYERS; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; ELECTRICAL FAULTS; ENERGY LEVELS; Bulk heterojunction solar cells; Bisazopyrrole; Bisazophenylene; Anthracene; Low band gap; Ternary BHJ",
  "description" : "2,5-Bis(2-anthracenyldiazo)-1H-pyrrole (dye D1) and 2,2'-[1,4-phenylenebis(azo)]bis-1H-pyrrole (dye D2) were synthesized by four- and two-step reactions, respectively. Their absorption spectra were broad with thin film absorption onset at 829 and 738 nm corresponding to an optical band gap of 1.39 and 1.68 eV for D1 and D2, respectively. The solution processed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic devices fabricated from D1 and D2 as donor blended with PCBM as an acceptor showed power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 2.13% and 1.59%, respectively. The PCE has been further improved up to 2.42% and 2.18%, after thermal annealing of the D1:PCBM and D2:PCBM layers, respectively. The higher PCE of the photovoltaic devices based on the D1:PCBM blend as compared to D2:PCBM is attributed to the higher hole mobility and lower band gap of D1 relative to D2. The combination of D1 with D2 and PCBM allows not only a broad absorption, but also tuning of the inter energy level leading to a higher short circuit current (J{sub sc}) and open circuit voltage (V{sub oc}). The best performance device exhibited PCE of about 3.61% with the thermally annealed D1:D2:PCBM photoactive layer. Such a high PCE using small molecules is due to the increased values of both J{sub sc} and V{sub oc}. (author)",
  "language" : "English",
  "identifier_report" : "",
  "publisher_sponsor" : "",
  "publisher_country" : "Netherlands",
  "source" : "ECN",
  "purl" : "",
  "title" : "Efficient bulk heterojunction solar cells based on low band gap bisazo dyes containing anthracene and/or pyrrole units",
  "type" : "Journal Article",
  "subject_related" : "Bulk heterojunction solar cells; Bisazopyrrole; Bisazophenylene; Anthracene; Low band gap; Ternary BHJ",
  "relation" : "Journal Name: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells; Journal Volume: 94; Journal Issue: 12; Other Information: Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved",
  "entry_date" : "2012-12-20",
  "subject_list" : [ "14 SOLAR ENERGY", "PYRROLES", "SOLAR CELLS", "ANTHRACENE", "HETEROJUNCTIONS", "DYES", "ABSORPTION", "ANNEALING", "ABSORPTION SPECTRA", "HOLE MOBILITY", "THIN FILMS", "LAYERS", "ELECTRIC POTENTIAL", "ELECTRICAL FAULTS", "ENERGY LEVELS", "Bulk heterojunction solar cells", "Bisazopyrrole", "Bisazophenylene", "Anthracene", "Low band gap", "Ternary BHJ" ],
  "publisher_availability" : "Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2010.08.001",
  "rights" : "",
  "announced_date" : "2010-11-08",
  "type_qualifier" : "",
  "has_fulltext" : false,
  "coverage" : "",
  "identifier" : "",
  "journal_volume" : "94",
  "creator" : "Mikroyannidis, J A; Tsagkournos, D V [Chemical Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras (Greece)]; Sharma, S S [Physics Department, Thin film and Membrane Science Laboratory University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302004 (India)]; Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305002 (India)]; Kumar, Anil; Vijay, Y K [Physics Department, Thin film and Membrane Science Laboratory University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302004 (India)]; Sharma, G D [Physics Department, Molecular Electronic and Optoelectronic Device Laboratory JNV University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 (India)]; Jaipur Engineering College, Kukas, Jaipur, Rajasthan (India)]",
  "site_ownership_code" : "ECN",
  "osti_id" : "21341743",
  "journal_issue" : "12",
  "resource_type" : "JOUR",
  "format" : "Medium: X; Size: page(s) 2318-2327",
  "journal_name" : [ ],
  "contributing_organizations" : "",
  "citation_location" : "https://www.osti.gov/etdeweb/biblio/21341743",
  "publication_year" : 2010,
  "subject_list_commas" : "14 SOLAR ENERGY, PYRROLES, SOLAR CELLS, ANTHRACENE, HETEROJUNCTIONS, DYES, ABSORPTION, ANNEALING, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, HOLE MOBILITY, THIN FILMS, LAYERS, ELECTRIC POTENTIAL, ELECTRICAL FAULTS, ENERGY LEVELS, Bulk heterojunction solar cells, Bisazopyrrole, Bisazophenylene, Anthracene, Low band gap, Ternary BHJ",
  "publisher" : "",
  "identifier_other" : "Journal ID: ISSN 0927-0248; SEMCEQ; TRN: NL10V4885",
  "publisher_research" : "",
  "creators_list" : [ "Mikroyannidis, J A", "Tsagkournos, D V [Chemical Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras (Greece)]", "Sharma, S S [Physics Department, Thin film and Membrane Science Laboratory University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302004 (India)]", "Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305002 (India)]", "Kumar, Anil", "Vijay, Y K [Physics Department, Thin film and Membrane Science Laboratory University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302004 (India)]", "Sharma, G D [Physics Department, Molecular Electronic and Optoelectronic Device Laboratory JNV University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 (India)]", "Jaipur Engineering College, Kukas, Jaipur, Rajasthan (India)]" ],
  "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SOLMAT.2010.08.001"
}