TY - RPRT TI - Models and methods for optimization of district heating systems. Part 2. Models and control methods AB - The second part of the main documentation for a larger project having the purpose of developing and testing models and methods which could lead to improved control and supervision of district heating systems. Special emphasis is laid upon the use of the established methods for prediction and control. Some recently established nonlinear models for loads are described in addition to the basic theoretical and statistical approaches. Various methods are analyzed by simulation alone, some are implemented in a software tool (PRESS: PRognose- og EnergiStyrings-System = Prognosis and Energy Control System) for improved control and supervision. The use of these systems, it is claimed, will lead to considerable energy savings, on average a temperature saving of 9 degrees centigrade. A specific district heating system in Varde and Esbjerg (Denmark) is described, and also the intermediate take-out condensing units at Veskraft power station. It is explained how j-step predictions of heat load can be obtained by using the formulated models. The subject of development of controllers for optimization of district heating systems is discussed in detail. Here, minimum variance controllers and its modifications, alternative Linear Quadratic Gaussian, and multi-step controllers are dealt with. These controllers are able to adapt to changes in dynamical characteristics of the system and can be easily installed at new loctions. The computer programme PRESS and the temperature savings obtained are also described. (AB) (32 refs.). AU - "Madsen, H" AU - "Palsson, O P" AU - "Sejling, K" AU - "Tangen Soegaard, H" KW - "32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION" KW - "DISTRICT HEATING" KW - "CONTROL SYSTEMS" KW - "OPTIMIZATION" KW - "HEATING LOAD" KW - "MATHEMATICAL MODELS" KW - "ENERGY CONSERVATION" KW - "GAUSSIAN PROCESSES" KW - "TEMPERATURE MONITORING" KW - "320603" KW - "PUBLIC UTILITIES" DO - https://doi.org/ UR - PB - CY - Denmark PY - 1992 DA - 1992-08-01 LA - Danish J2 - [] VL - C1 - Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark). Inst. of Mathematical and Operations Research C2 - C3 - NEI-DK-1008 C4 - C5 - OSTI; NTIS L3 - Other Information: DN: EFP-89; PBD: Aug 1992; Related Information: Energiministeriets Energiforskningsprogram. Fjernvarme og produktion af el og varme ER -