Smart membranes for nitrate removal, water purification, and selective ion transportation

Wilson, William D; Schaldach, Charlene M; Bourcier, William L; Paul, Phillip H

Title: Smart membranes for nitrate removal, water purification, and selective ion transportation

Abstract

A computer designed nanoengineered membrane for separation of dissolved species. One embodiment provides an apparatus for treatment of a fluid that includes ions comprising a microengineered porous membrane, a system for producing an electrical charge across the membrane, and a series of nanopores extending through the membrane. The nanopores have a pore size such that when the fluid contacts the membrane, the nanopores will be in a condition of double layer overlap and allow passage only of ions opposite to the electrical charge across the membrane.

Inventors:

Wilson, William D ^[1]; Schaldach, Charlene M ^[1]; Bourcier, William L ^[2]; Paul, Phillip H ^[2]

Pleasanton, CA
Livermore, CA

Issue Date:: 2009-12-15

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 970605

Patent Number(s):: 7632406

Application Number:: 11/110,598

Assignee:: Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC (Livermore, CA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION

C - CHEMISTRY C02 - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE C02F - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION
B01D67/0034 - {by micromachining techniques, e.g. using masking and etching steps, photolithography}

C - CHEMISTRY C02 - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE C02F - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
C02F2101/163 - {Nitrates}

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION
B01D67/0062 - {by micromachining techniques, e.g. using masking and etching steps, photolithography}
B01D61/52 - Accessories

C - CHEMISTRY C02 - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE C02F - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
C02F2305/08 - Nanoparticles or nanotubes

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION
B01D2325/26 - Electrical properties
B01D2325/20 - Specific permeability or cut-off range

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B82 - NANOTECHNOLOGY B82Y - SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES
B82Y30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B03 - SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS B03C - MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS
B03C5/026 - {using open-gradient differential dielectric separation, i.e. using electrodes of special shapes for non-uniform field creation, e.g. Fluid Integrated Circuit [FIC]}

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION
B01D61/44 - Ion-selective electrodialysis
B01D67/003 - {by selective elimination of components, e.g. by leaching}

C - CHEMISTRY C02 - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE C02F - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
C02F1/4696 - {electrophoresis}
C02F2101/103 - {Arsenic compounds}
C02F1/469 - by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis

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DOE Contract Number:: W-7405-ENG-48

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Wilson, William D, Schaldach, Charlene M, Bourcier, William L, and Paul, Phillip H. Smart membranes for nitrate removal, water purification, and selective ion transportation.  United States: N. p., 2009. 
        Web.

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                    Wilson, William D, Schaldach, Charlene M, Bourcier, William L, & Paul, Phillip H. Smart membranes for nitrate removal, water purification, and selective ion transportation.  United States.

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                    Wilson, William D, Schaldach, Charlene M, Bourcier, William L, and Paul, Phillip H. Tue .  
        "Smart membranes for nitrate removal, water purification, and selective ion transportation".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/970605.

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@article{osti_970605,

  title        = {Smart membranes for nitrate removal, water purification, and selective ion transportation},

  author       = {Wilson, William D and Schaldach, Charlene M and Bourcier, William L and Paul, Phillip H},

  abstractNote = {A computer designed nanoengineered membrane for separation of dissolved species. One embodiment provides an apparatus for treatment of a fluid that includes ions comprising a microengineered porous membrane, a system for producing an electrical charge across the membrane, and a series of nanopores extending through the membrane. The nanopores have a pore size such that when the fluid contacts the membrane, the nanopores will be in a condition of double layer overlap and allow passage only of ions opposite to the electrical charge across the membrane.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2009},

  month        = {12}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

Controlling the Transport Properties of Gold Nanotubule Membranes Using Chemisorbed Thiols
journal, October 2001

Lee, Sang Bok; Martin, Charles R.
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 10
https://doi.org/10.1021/cm0101071

Peer Reviewed: Nanomaterials in Analytical Chemistry
journal, May 1998

Martin, Charles R.; Mitchell, David T.
Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 70, Issue 9
https://doi.org/10.1021/ac9818430

Metal Nanotubule Membranes with Electrochemically Switchable Ion-Transport Selectivity
journal, May 1995

Nishizawa, M.; Menon, V. P.; Martin, C. R.
Science, Vol. 268, Issue 5211
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.268.5211.700

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Title: Smart membranes for nitrate removal, water purification, and selective ion transportation

Abstract

Citation Formats

Controlling the Transport Properties of Gold Nanotubule Membranes Using Chemisorbed Thiols journal, October 2001

Peer Reviewed: Nanomaterials in Analytical Chemistry journal, May 1998

Metal Nanotubule Membranes with Electrochemically Switchable Ion-Transport Selectivity journal, May 1995

Controlling the Transport Properties of Gold Nanotubule Membranes Using Chemisorbed Thiols
journal, October 2001

Peer Reviewed: Nanomaterials in Analytical Chemistry
journal, May 1998

Metal Nanotubule Membranes with Electrochemically Switchable Ion-Transport Selectivity
journal, May 1995