Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions

Tonkovich, Anna Lee; Roberts, Gary L; Perry, Steven T; Fitzgerald, Sean P

Title: Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions

Abstract

Integrated Combustion Reactors (ICRs) and methods of making ICRs are described in which combustion chambers (or channels) are in direct thermal contact to reaction chambers for an endothermic reaction. Superior results were achieved for combustion chambers which contained a gap for free flow through the chamber. Particular reactor designs are also described. Processes of conducting reactions in integrated combustion reactors are described and results presented. Some of these processes are characterized by unexpected and superior results.

Inventors:

Tonkovich, Anna Lee ^[1]; Roberts, Gary L ^[2]; Perry, Steven T ^[3]; Fitzgerald, Sean P ^[4]

Marysville, OH
West Richland, WA
Galloway, OH
Columbus, OH

Issue Date:: 2005-11-29

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 941097

Patent Number(s):: 6969506

Application Number:: 10/076,875

Assignee:: Battelle Memorial Institute (Richland, WA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

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C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1241 - Natural gas or methane

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
Y02P20/10 - General improvement of production processes causing greenhouse gases [GHG] emissions

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1619 - Measuring the temperature

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J19/0093 - {Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
B01J2219/00835 - Comprising catalytically active material

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/0244 - the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2498 - Additional structures inserted in the channels, e.g. plates, catalyst holding meshes
B01J19/249 - {Plate-type reactors}

F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F23 - COMBUSTION APPARATUS F23C - METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN {A CARRIER GAS OR} AIR
F23C13/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B3/501 - {by diffusion}
C01B2203/0883 - by indirect heat exchange

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/247 - Feeding means for the reactants
B01J2219/00844 - Comprising porous material
B01J2219/00833 - Plastic

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
H01M8/0631 - {Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1076 - Copper or zinc-based catalysts
C01B2203/0844 - the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
Y02P70/50 - Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1005 - Arrangement or shape of catalyst
C01B2203/1676 - Measuring the composition of the product

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
Y02P20/52 - using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/041 - In-situ membrane purification during hydrogen production
C01B2203/1205 - Composition of the feed
C01B2203/1082 - Composition of support materials

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2459 - Corrugated plates

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1041 - Composition of the catalyst

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/00822 - Metal

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/0283 - containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
C01B2203/1029 - Catalysts in the form of a foam

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/50 - Fuel cells

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1604 - Starting up the process
C01B2203/148 - involving a recycle stream to the feed of the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
C01B2203/1695 - Adjusting the feed of the combustion
C01B2203/0233 - the reforming step being a steam reforming step

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/00783 - Laminate assemblies, i.e. the reactor comprising a stack of plates
B01J2219/00891 - Feeding or evacuation

F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F23 - COMBUSTION APPARATUS F23N - REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
F23N1/007 - {using mechanical means

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/0811 - by combustion of fuel
C01B2203/0833 - Heating by indirect heat exchange with hot fluids, other than combustion gases, product gases or non-combustive exothermic reaction product gases
C01B3/384 - {the catalyst being continuously externally heated}
C01B2203/82 - Several process steps of C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/08 integrated into a single apparatus

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2453 - Plates arranged in parallel

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1652 - Measuring the amount of product

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2482 - Catalytically active foils

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/141 - At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in parallel
C01B2203/1064 - Platinum group metal catalysts

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J8/0285 - {Heating or cooling the reactor

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/32 - Hydrogen storage

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1035 - Catalyst coated on equipment surfaces, e.g. reactor walls
C01B3/38 - using catalysts
C01B2203/0827 - at least part of the fuel being a recycle stream
C01B2203/0261 - containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2471 - Feeding means for the catalyst
B01J2219/2465 - Two reactions in indirect heat exchange with each other

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/0495 - the impurity being water

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10T - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T29/49826 - Assembling or joining

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2479 - Catalysts coated on the surface of plates or inserts
B01J2219/00824 - Ceramic
B01J2219/00873 - Heat exchange

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B13/0251 - {by making use of membranes}
C01B2203/142 - At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2208/00309 - with two or more reactions in heat exchange with each other, such as an endothermic reaction in heat exchange with an exothermic reaction
B01J2219/2475 - Separation means, e.g. membranes inside the reactor

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/169 - Controlling the feed

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/0086 - Dimensions of the flow channels
B01J12/007 - {in the presence of catalytically active bodies, e.g. porous plates}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/0822 - the fuel containing hydrogen

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2497 - Size aspects, i.e. concrete sizes are being mentioned in the classified document
B01J2219/2474 - Mixing means, e.g. fins or baffles attached to the plates

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/1276 - Mixing of different feed components
C01B2203/1633 - Measuring the pressure
C01B2203/1288 - Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/2458 - Flat plates, i.e. plates which are not corrugated or otherwise structured, e.g. plates with cylindrical shape

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DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION

Citation Formats


                    Tonkovich, Anna Lee, Roberts, Gary L, Perry, Steven T, and Fitzgerald, Sean P. Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions.  United States: N. p., 2005. 
        Web.

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                    Tonkovich, Anna Lee, Roberts, Gary L, Perry, Steven T, & Fitzgerald, Sean P. Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions.  United States.

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                    Tonkovich, Anna Lee, Roberts, Gary L, Perry, Steven T, and Fitzgerald, Sean P. Tue .  
        "Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/941097.

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@article{osti_941097,

  title        = {Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions},

  author       = {Tonkovich, Anna Lee and Roberts, Gary L and Perry, Steven T and Fitzgerald, Sean P},

  abstractNote = {Integrated Combustion Reactors (ICRs) and methods of making ICRs are described in which combustion chambers (or channels) are in direct thermal contact to reaction chambers for an endothermic reaction. Superior results were achieved for combustion chambers which contained a gap for free flow through the chamber. Particular reactor designs are also described. Processes of conducting reactions in integrated combustion reactors are described and results presented. Some of these processes are characterized by unexpected and superior results.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2005},

  month        = {11}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

Development of a microchannel catalytic reactor system
journal, May 2001

Kusakabe, Katsuki; Morooka, Shigeharu; Maeda, Hideaki
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 18, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02699164

Modelling the integration of a compact plate steam reformer in a fuel cell system
journal, March 2000

Cunha, J.; Azevedo, J. L. T.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 86, Issue 1-2
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00482-6

Monolithic catalyst supports with foam structure
journal, March 1997

Leonov, A. N.; Smorygo, O. L.; Sheleg, V. K.
Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters, Vol. 60, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02475687

Catalytic combustion in a sintered metal reactor with integrated heat exchanger
journal, August 1997

Mulder, A.; Brost, O.; Neumann, P.
Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 17, Issue 8-10
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-4311(96)00050-6

Novel compact steam reformer for fuel cells with heat generation by catalytic combustion augmented by induction heating1This CEC Project is funded in the Brite Euram programme under contract no: BRE2-CT94-0588. Partners: Gastec (NL), AEA Technology (UK), EA Technology (UK), Degussa (D), IST (Port.), PowerGen (UK), TGI (Spain), Stork Alpha Engineering (NL).1
journal, January 1999

Polman, E. A.; Der Kinderen, J. M.; Thuis, F. M. A.
Catalysis Today, Vol. 47, Issue 1-4
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5861(98)00316-2

On the reported attempts to radically improve the performance of the steam methane reforming reactor
journal, April 1996

Adris, A. M.; Pruden, B. B.; Lim, C. J.
The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 74, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450740202

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Title: Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions

Abstract

Citation Formats

Development of a microchannel catalytic reactor system journal, May 2001

Modelling the integration of a compact plate steam reformer in a fuel cell system journal, March 2000

Monolithic catalyst supports with foam structure journal, March 1997

Catalytic combustion in a sintered metal reactor with integrated heat exchanger journal, August 1997

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Development of a microchannel catalytic reactor system
journal, May 2001

Modelling the integration of a compact plate steam reformer in a fuel cell system
journal, March 2000

Monolithic catalyst supports with foam structure
journal, March 1997

Catalytic combustion in a sintered metal reactor with integrated heat exchanger
journal, August 1997

On the reported attempts to radically improve the performance of the steam methane reforming reactor
journal, April 1996