Invasive cleavage of nucleic acids

Prudent, James R; Hall, Jeff G; Lyamichev, Victor I; Brow, Mary Ann D; Dahlberg, James E

Title: Invasive cleavage of nucleic acids

Abstract

The present invention relates to means for the detection and characterization of nucleic acid sequences, as well as variations in nucleic acid sequences. The present invention also relates to methods for forming a nucleic acid cleavage structure on a target sequence and cleaving the nucleic acid cleavage structure in a site-specific manner. The structure-specific nuclease activity of a variety of enzymes is used to cleave the target-dependent cleavage structure, thereby indicating the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences or specific variations thereof.

Inventors:

Prudent, James R ^[1]; Hall, Jeff G ^[1]; Lyamichev, Victor I ^[1]; Brow, Mary Ann D ^[1]; Dahlberg, James E ^[1]

Madison, WI

Issue Date:: 2002-01-01

Research Org.:: Third Wave Technologies, Inc., Madison, WI (United States)

OSTI Identifier:: 874241

Patent Number(s):: 6348314

Assignee:: Third Wave Technologies, Inc. (Madison, WI)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: C - CHEMISTRY C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY C12N - MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES

C - CHEMISTRY C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY C12Q - MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS

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C - CHEMISTRY C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY C12N - MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES
C12N9/22 - Ribonucleases {RNAses, DNAses

C - CHEMISTRY C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY C12Q - MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS
C12Q1/6823 - Release of bound markers
C12Q1/6827 - for detection of mutation or polymorphism
C12Q1/683 - involving restriction enzymes, e.g. restriction fragment length polymorphism [RFLP]
C12Q2525/301 - Hairpin oligonucleotides
C12Q2561/109 - Invader technology
C12Q2563/149 - Particles, e.g. beads
C12Q2565/525 - characterised by the capture oligonucleotide being double stranded

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10S - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10S435/81 - Packaged device or kit
Y10S435/822 - using bacteria or actinomycetales

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DOE Contract Number:: FG02-94ER81891

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: invasive; cleavage; nucleic; acids; relates; means; detection; characterization; acid; sequences; variations; methods; forming; structure; target; sequence; cleaving; site-specific; manner; structure-specific; nuclease; activity; variety; enzymes; cleave; target-dependent; indicating; presence; specific; nucleic acid; acid sequence; specific nucleic; /435/

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                    Prudent, James R, Hall, Jeff G, Lyamichev, Victor I, Brow, Mary Ann D, and Dahlberg, James E. Invasive cleavage of nucleic acids.  United States: N. p., 2002. 
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                    Prudent, James R, Hall, Jeff G, Lyamichev, Victor I, Brow, Mary Ann D, & Dahlberg, James E. Invasive cleavage of nucleic acids.  United States.

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                    Prudent, James R, Hall, Jeff G, Lyamichev, Victor I, Brow, Mary Ann D, and Dahlberg, James E. Tue .  
        "Invasive cleavage of nucleic acids".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/874241.

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@article{osti_874241,

  title        = {Invasive cleavage of nucleic acids},

  author       = {Prudent, James R and Hall, Jeff G and Lyamichev, Victor I and Brow, Mary Ann D and Dahlberg, James E},

  abstractNote = {The present invention relates to means for the detection and characterization of nucleic acid sequences, as well as variations in nucleic acid sequences. The present invention also relates to methods for forming a nucleic acid cleavage structure on a target sequence and cleaving the nucleic acid cleavage structure in a site-specific manner. The structure-specific nuclease activity of a variety of enzymes is used to cleave the target-dependent cleavage structure, thereby indicating the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences or specific variations thereof.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2002},

  month        = {1}

}

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Livak, K. J.; Flood, S. J.; Marmaro, J.
Genome Research, Vol. 4, Issue 6
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Enzymes and Reactions at the Eukaryotic DNA Replication Fork
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Bambara, Robert A.; Murante, Richard S.; Henricksen, Leigh A.
Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 272, Issue 8
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.8.4647

Reverse transcription and DNA amplification by a Thermus thermophilus DNA polymerase
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Myers, Thomas W.; Gelfand, David H.
Biochemistry, Vol. 30, Issue 31
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Lagging Strand DNA Synthesis at the Eukaryotic Replication Fork Involves Binding and Stimulation of FEN-1 by Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
journal, September 1995

Li, Xiangyang; Li, Jun; Harrington, John
Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 270, Issue 38
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.38.22109

The DNA polymerase gene from the hyperthermophilic marine archaebacterium, pyrococcus furiosus , shows sequence homology with α-like DNA polymerases
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Mathur, Eric J.; Adams, Michael W. W.; Callen, Walter N.
Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 19, Issue 24
https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.24.6952

Structure of Taq polymerase with DNA at the polymerase active site
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Eom, Soo Hyun; Wang, Jimin; Steitz, Thomas A.
Nature, Vol. 382, Issue 6588
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A small catalytic oligoribonucleotide
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Uhlenbeck, Olke C.
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Deoxyribonuclease iv: a new Exonuclease from Mammalian Tissues
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Lindahl, T.; Gally, J. A.; Edelman, G. M.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 62, Issue 2
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A thermodynamic study of unusually stable RNA and DNA hairpins
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Antao, Vincent P.; Lai, Sandy Y.; Tinoco, Ignacio
Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 19, Issue 21
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Structure-specific DNA cleavage by 5′ nucleases
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Ceska, T.
Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Vol. 23, Issue 9
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Strand Separation and Specific Recombination in Deoxyribonucleic Acids: Biological Studies
journal, April 1960

Marmur, J.; Lane, D.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 46, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.46.4.453

Methanococcus jannaschii Flap Endonuclease: Expression, Purification, and Substrate Requirements
journal, October 1998

Rao, H. G. V.; Rosenfeld, Amy; Wetmur, James G.
Journal of Bacteriology, Vol. 180, Issue 20
https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.180.20.5406-5412.1998

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The present invention relates to means for the detection and characterization of nucleic acid sequences, as well as variations in nucleic acid sequences. The present invention also relates to methods for forming a nucleic acid cleavage structure on a target sequence and cleaving the nucleic acid cleavage structure in a site-specific manner. The structure-specific nuclease activity of a variety of enzymes is used to cleave the target-dependent cleavage structure, thereby indicating the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences or specific variations thereof. The present invention further relates to methods and devices for the separation of nucleic acid molecules based onmore » « less
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Title: Invasive cleavage of nucleic acids

Abstract

Citation Formats

Human RAD2 Homolog 1 5′- to 3′-Exo/Endonuclease Can Efficiently Excise a Displaced DNA Fragment Containing a 5′-Terminal Abasic Lesion by Endonuclease Activity journal, November 1996

Functional domains within FEN-1 and RAD2 define a family of structure-specific endonucleases: implications for nucleotide excision repair. journal, June 1994

Fidelity of DNA synthesis by the Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase journal, August 1988

Chemical nucleases journal, September 1993

Characterization of the 5′ to 3′ exonuclease associated with Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase journal, January 1990

Implication of RNA structure on antisense oligonucleotide hybridization kinetics journal, December 1992

Isolation, Characterization, and Expression in Escherichia coli of the DNA Polymerase Gene from Thermus aquaticus journal, April 1989

Use of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase to direct selective high-level expression of cloned genes journal, May 1986

Processing of branched DNA intermediates by a complex of human FEN-1 and PCNA journal, June 1996

Most compact hairpin-turn structure exerted by a short DNA fragment, d(GCGAAGC) in solution: an extraordinarily stable structure resistant to nucleases and heat journal, January 1994

The use of oligonucleotide probes containing 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoronucleosides for regiospecific cleavage of RNA by RNase H from Escherichia coli journal, February 1992

Current methods of mutation detection journal, January 1993

An active fragment of DNA polymerase produced by proteolytic cleavage journal, December 1969

Requirement of the yeast RTH1 5' to 3' exonuclease for the stability of simple repetitive DNA journal, July 1995

Isothermal, in vitro amplification of nucleic acids by a multienzyme reaction modeled after retroviral replication. journal, March 1990

Replacement of potassium chloride by potassium glutamate dramatically enhances protein-DNA interactions in vitro journal, April 1987

Structure-Specific DNA Binding by Bacteriophage T5 5'->3' Exonuclease journal, October 1997

Essential Amino Acids for Substrate Binding and Catalysis of Human Flap Endonuclease 1 journal, April 1996

Genetic disease detection and DNA amplification using cloned thermostable ligase. journal, January 1991

Compilation and alignment of DNA polymerase sequences journal, January 1991

Complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage T7 DNA and the locations of T7 genetic elements journal, June 1983

Crystal structure of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase journal, August 1995

Molecular mechanics of nucleic acid sequence amplification journal, June 1993

A helical arch allowing single-stranded DNA to thread through T5 5'-exonuclease journal, July 1996

PCR-SSCP: a simple and sensitive method for detection of mutations in the genomic DNA. journal, August 1991

Multicopy expression vectors carrying the lac represser gene for regulated high-level expression of genes in Escherichia coli journal, January 1987

The crystal structure of flap endonuclease-1 from Methanococcus jannaschii journal, August 1998

Conditional Lethality of Null Mutations in RTH1 That Encodes the Yeast Counterpart of a Mammalian 5′- to 3′-Exonuclease Required for Lagging Strand DNA Synthesis in Reconstituted Systems journal, March 1995

Mechanism of Tracking and Cleavage of Adduct-damaged DNA Substrates by the Mammalian 5′- to 3′-Exonuclease/Endonuclease RAD2 Homologue 1 or Flap Endonuclease 1 journal, November 1996

The ligase chain reaction in a PCR world. journal, August 1991

Newly Discovered Archaebacterial Flap Endonucleases Show a Structure-Specific Mechanism for DNA Substrate Binding and Catalysis Resembling Human Flap Endonuclease-1 journal, October 1998

The Polymerase Chain Reaction in an Anemic Mode: How to Avoid Cold Oligodeoxyribonuclear Fusion journal, August 1991

Transient generation of displaced single-stranded DNA during nick translation journal, November 1982

Solution hybridization of crosslinkable DNA oligonucleotides to bacteriophage M13 DNA journal, September 1987

Use of conserved sequences from hepatitis C virus for the detection of viral RNA in infected sera by polymerase chain reaction journal, October 1991

Screening for mutations by enzyme mismatch cleavage with T4 endonuclease VII. journal, January 1995

Purification of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase expressed in Escherichia coli journal, December 1990

Self-sustained sequence replication (3SR): an isothermal transcription-based amplification system alternative to PCR. journal, August 1991

DNA Structural Elements Required for FEN-1 Binding journal, March 1995

Calf 5′ to 3′ Exo/Endonuclease Must Slide from a 5′ End of the Substrate to Perform Structure-specific Cleavage journal, December 1995

Kinetic Analysis of Human Flap Endonuclease-1 by Flow Cytometry journal, January 1996

Sequence of human FEN-1, a structure-specific endonuclease, and chromosomal localization of the gene (FEN1) in mouse and human journal, January 1995

Oligoribonucleotide synthesis using T7 RNA polymerase and synthetic DNA templates journal, January 1987

The FEN-1 family of structure-specific nucleases in eukaryotic dna replication, recombination and repair journal, March 1997

The 5′-Exonuclease Activity of Bacteriophage T4 RNase H Is Stimulated by the T4 Gene 32 Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein, but Its Flap Endonuclease Is Inhibited journal, November 1997

Structure of the DNA Repair and Replication Endonuclease and Exonuclease FEN-1 journal, October 1998

Recent advances in the polymerase chain reaction journal, June 1991

The characterization of a mammalian DNA structure-specific endonuclease. journal, March 1994

Structural and functional conservation of the human homolog of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad2 gene, which is required for chromosome segregation and recovery from DNA damage. journal, July 1994

Enzymatic completion of mammalian lagging-strand DNA replication. journal, October 1994

Role of Calf RTH-1 Nuclease in Removal of 5‘-Ribonucleotides during Okazaki Fragment Processing † journal, January 1996

[21] Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction book, January 1987

Identification of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes among Hospitalized Patients in British Columbia, Canada journal, April 1995

Modified oligonucleotides as therapeutic and diagnostic agents journal, January 1995

DNA sequencing: modular primers assembled from a library of hexamers or pentamers. journal, May 1993

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the DNA polymerase gene from Thermus flavus journal, January 1992

Flap endonuclease homologs in archaebacteria exist as independent proteins journal, May 1998

Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase journal, January 1988

Strand Separation and Specific Recombination in Deoxyribonucleic Acids: Physical Chemical Studies journal, April 1960

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase: Two Distinct Enzymes in One Polypeptide journal, January 1972

Novel properties of Escherichia coli exonuclease III. journal, July 1977

Hepatitis C: progress and problems. journal, October 1994

Characterization of the apurinic endonuclease activity of Drosophila Rrp1 journal, October 1993

Novel method of detecting single base substitutions in RNA molecules by differential melting behavior in solution journal, October 1988

Comprehensive detection of single base changes in human genomic DNA using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and a GC clamp journal, August 1990

Differentiation of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and intergenic regions and Mycobacterium tuberculosis katG genes by structure-specific endonuclease cleavage. journal, January 1996

Detection of specific polymerase chain reaction product by utilizing the 5'----3' exonuclease activity of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase. journal, August 1991

Rapid renaturation of complementary DNA strands mediated by cationic detergents: a role for high-probability binding domains in enhancing the kinetics of molecular assembly processes. journal, September 1991

The ligation amplification reaction (LAR)—Amplification of specific DNA sequences using sequential rounds of template-dependent ligation journal, May 1989

The Tumor Suppressor Genes journal, June 1993

On the Regulation of Gene Activity journal, January 1961

Structure-specific endonucleolytic cleavage of nucleic acids by eubacterial DNA polymerases journal, May 1993

Intervening sequences in an Archaea DNA polymerase gene. journal, June 1992

Allelic discrimination by nick-translation PCR with fluorgenic probes journal, August 1993

A 5' to 3' exonuclease functionally interacts with calf DNA polymerase epsilon. journal, October 1992

A novel method for the rapid detection of specific nucleotide sequences in crude biological samples without blotting or radioactivity; application to the analysis of hepatitis B virus in human serum journal, January 1987

Effects of primer-template mismatches on the polymerase chain reaction: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 model studies journal, January 1990

Human RAD2 Homolog 1 5′- to 3′-Exo/Endonuclease Can Efficiently Excise a Displaced DNA Fragment Containing a 5′-Terminal Abasic Lesion by Endonuclease Activity
journal, November 1996

Functional domains within FEN-1 and RAD2 define a family of structure-specific endonucleases: implications for nucleotide excision repair.
journal, June 1994

Fidelity of DNA synthesis by the Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase
journal, August 1988

Chemical nucleases
journal, September 1993

Characterization of the 5′ to 3′ exonuclease associated with Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase
journal, January 1990

Implication of RNA structure on antisense oligonucleotide hybridization kinetics
journal, December 1992

Isolation, Characterization, and Expression in Escherichia coli of the DNA Polymerase Gene from Thermus aquaticus
journal, April 1989

Use of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase to direct selective high-level expression of cloned genes
journal, May 1986

Processing of branched DNA intermediates by a complex of human FEN-1 and PCNA
journal, June 1996

Most compact hairpin-turn structure exerted by a short DNA fragment, d(GCGAAGC) in solution: an extraordinarily stable structure resistant to nucleases and heat
journal, January 1994

The use of oligonucleotide probes containing 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoronucleosides for regiospecific cleavage of RNA by RNase H from Escherichia coli
journal, February 1992

Current methods of mutation detection
journal, January 1993

An active fragment of DNA polymerase produced by proteolytic cleavage
journal, December 1969

Requirement of the yeast RTH1 5' to 3' exonuclease for the stability of simple repetitive DNA
journal, July 1995

Isothermal, in vitro amplification of nucleic acids by a multienzyme reaction modeled after retroviral replication.
journal, March 1990

Replacement of potassium chloride by potassium glutamate dramatically enhances protein-DNA interactions in vitro
journal, April 1987

Structure-Specific DNA Binding by Bacteriophage T5 5'->3' Exonuclease
journal, October 1997

Essential Amino Acids for Substrate Binding and Catalysis of Human Flap Endonuclease 1
journal, April 1996

Genetic disease detection and DNA amplification using cloned thermostable ligase.
journal, January 1991

Compilation and alignment of DNA polymerase sequences
journal, January 1991

Complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage T7 DNA and the locations of T7 genetic elements
journal, June 1983

Crystal structure of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase
journal, August 1995

Molecular mechanics of nucleic acid sequence amplification
journal, June 1993

A helical arch allowing single-stranded DNA to thread through T5 5'-exonuclease
journal, July 1996

PCR-SSCP: a simple and sensitive method for detection of mutations in the genomic DNA.
journal, August 1991

Multicopy expression vectors carrying the lac represser gene for regulated high-level expression of genes in Escherichia coli
journal, January 1987

The crystal structure of flap endonuclease-1 from Methanococcus jannaschii
journal, August 1998

Conditional Lethality of Null Mutations in RTH1 That Encodes the Yeast Counterpart of a Mammalian 5′- to 3′-Exonuclease Required for Lagging Strand DNA Synthesis in Reconstituted Systems
journal, March 1995

Mechanism of Tracking and Cleavage of Adduct-damaged DNA Substrates by the Mammalian 5′- to 3′-Exonuclease/Endonuclease RAD2 Homologue 1 or Flap Endonuclease 1
journal, November 1996

The ligase chain reaction in a PCR world.
journal, August 1991

Newly Discovered Archaebacterial Flap Endonucleases Show a Structure-Specific Mechanism for DNA Substrate Binding and Catalysis Resembling Human Flap Endonuclease-1
journal, October 1998

The Polymerase Chain Reaction in an Anemic Mode: How to Avoid Cold Oligodeoxyribonuclear Fusion
journal, August 1991

Transient generation of displaced single-stranded DNA during nick translation
journal, November 1982

Solution hybridization of crosslinkable DNA oligonucleotides to bacteriophage M13 DNA
journal, September 1987

Use of conserved sequences from hepatitis C virus for the detection of viral RNA in infected sera by polymerase chain reaction
journal, October 1991

Screening for mutations by enzyme mismatch cleavage with T4 endonuclease VII.
journal, January 1995

Purification of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase expressed in Escherichia coli
journal, December 1990

Self-sustained sequence replication (3SR): an isothermal transcription-based amplification system alternative to PCR.
journal, August 1991

DNA Structural Elements Required for FEN-1 Binding
journal, March 1995

Calf 5′ to 3′ Exo/Endonuclease Must Slide from a 5′ End of the Substrate to Perform Structure-specific Cleavage
journal, December 1995

Kinetic Analysis of Human Flap Endonuclease-1 by Flow Cytometry
journal, January 1996

Sequence of human FEN-1, a structure-specific endonuclease, and chromosomal localization of the gene (FEN1) in mouse and human
journal, January 1995

Oligoribonucleotide synthesis using T7 RNA polymerase and synthetic DNA templates
journal, January 1987

The FEN-1 family of structure-specific nucleases in eukaryotic dna replication, recombination and repair
journal, March 1997

The 5′-Exonuclease Activity of Bacteriophage T4 RNase H Is Stimulated by the T4 Gene 32 Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein, but Its Flap Endonuclease Is Inhibited
journal, November 1997

Structure of the DNA Repair and Replication Endonuclease and Exonuclease FEN-1
journal, October 1998

Recent advances in the polymerase chain reaction
journal, June 1991

The characterization of a mammalian DNA structure-specific endonuclease.
journal, March 1994

Structural and functional conservation of the human homolog of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad2 gene, which is required for chromosome segregation and recovery from DNA damage.
journal, July 1994

Enzymatic completion of mammalian lagging-strand DNA replication.
journal, October 1994

Role of Calf RTH-1 Nuclease in Removal of 5‘-Ribonucleotides during Okazaki Fragment Processing ^†
journal, January 1996

[21] Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction
book, January 1987

Identification of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes among Hospitalized Patients in British Columbia, Canada
journal, April 1995

Modified oligonucleotides as therapeutic and diagnostic agents
journal, January 1995

DNA sequencing: modular primers assembled from a library of hexamers or pentamers.
journal, May 1993

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the DNA polymerase gene from Thermus flavus
journal, January 1992

Flap endonuclease homologs in archaebacteria exist as independent proteins
journal, May 1998

Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase
journal, January 1988

Strand Separation and Specific Recombination in Deoxyribonucleic Acids: Physical Chemical Studies
journal, April 1960

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase: Two Distinct Enzymes in One Polypeptide
journal, January 1972

Novel properties of Escherichia coli exonuclease III.
journal, July 1977

Hepatitis C: progress and problems.
journal, October 1994

Characterization of the apurinic endonuclease activity of Drosophila Rrp1
journal, October 1993

Novel method of detecting single base substitutions in RNA molecules by differential melting behavior in solution
journal, October 1988

Comprehensive detection of single base changes in human genomic DNA using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and a GC clamp
journal, August 1990

Differentiation of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and intergenic regions and Mycobacterium tuberculosis katG genes by structure-specific endonuclease cleavage.
journal, January 1996

Detection of specific polymerase chain reaction product by utilizing the 5'----3' exonuclease activity of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase.
journal, August 1991

Rapid renaturation of complementary DNA strands mediated by cationic detergents: a role for high-probability binding domains in enhancing the kinetics of molecular assembly processes.
journal, September 1991

The ligation amplification reaction (LAR)—Amplification of specific DNA sequences using sequential rounds of template-dependent ligation
journal, May 1989

The Tumor Suppressor Genes
journal, June 1993

On the Regulation of Gene Activity
journal, January 1961

Structure-specific endonucleolytic cleavage of nucleic acids by eubacterial DNA polymerases
journal, May 1993

Intervening sequences in an Archaea DNA polymerase gene.
journal, June 1992

Allelic discrimination by nick-translation PCR with fluorgenic probes
journal, August 1993

A 5' to 3' exonuclease functionally interacts with calf DNA polymerase epsilon.
journal, October 1992

A novel method for the rapid detection of specific nucleotide sequences in crude biological samples without blotting or radioactivity; application to the analysis of hepatitis B virus in human serum
journal, January 1987

Effects of primer-template mismatches on the polymerase chain reaction: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 model studies
journal, January 1990

The calf 5‘- to 3‘-exonuclease is also an endonuclease with both activities dependent on primers annealed upstream of the point of cleavage.
journal, January 1994

Transcription-based amplification system and detection of amplified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with a bead-based sandwich hybridization format.
journal, February 1989

48000-fold Acceleration of Hybridization by Chemically Modified Oligonucleotides
journal, September 1995