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Title: Nonaqueous electrolyte for electrical storage devices

Abstract

Improved nonaqueous electrolytes for application in electrical storage devices such as electrochemical capacitors or batteries are disclosed. The electrolytes of the invention contain salts consisting of alkyl substituted, cyclic delocalized aromatic cations, and their perfluoro derivatives, and certain polyatomic anions having a van der Waals volume less than or equal to 100 .ANG..sup.3, preferably inorganic perfluoride anions and most preferably PF.sub.6.sup.-, the salts being dissolved in organic liquids, and preferably alkyl carbonate solvents, or liquid sulfur dioxide or combinations thereof, at a concentration of greater than 0.5M and preferably greater than 1.0M. Exemplary electrolytes comprise 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in a cyclic or acylic alkyl carbonate, or methyl formate, or a combination therof. These improved electrolytes have useful characteristics such as higher conductivity, higher concentration, higher energy storage capabilities, and higher power characteristics compared to prior art electrolytes. Stacked capacitor cells using electrolytes of the invention permit high energy, high voltage storage.

Inventors:
 [1];  [2]
  1. Melrose, MA
  2. Waltham, MA
Issue Date:
Research Org.:
Covalent Associates, Inc
OSTI Identifier:
872574
Patent Number(s):
5965054
Assignee:
Covalent Associates, Inc. (Woburn, MA)
Patent Classifications (CPCs):
H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01G - CAPACITORS
H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
DOE Contract Number:  
FG02-96ER82149
Resource Type:
Patent
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
nonaqueous; electrolyte; electrical; storage; devices; improved; electrolytes; application; electrochemical; capacitors; batteries; disclosed; contain; salts; consisting; alkyl; substituted; cyclic; delocalized; aromatic; cations; perfluoro; derivatives; polyatomic; anions; van; waals; volume; equal; 100; ang; preferably; inorganic; perfluoride; pf; dissolved; organic; liquids; carbonate; solvents; liquid; sulfur; dioxide; combinations; concentration; 5m; 0m; exemplary; comprise; 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium; hexafluorophosphate; acylic; methyl; formate; combination; therof; useful; characteristics; conductivity; energy; capabilities; power; compared; prior; stacked; capacitor; cells; permit; voltage; methyl formate; aqueous electrolyte; organic liquids; alkyl substituted; storage device; energy storage; sulfur dioxide; organic liquid; storage devices; electrochemical capacitors; electrical storage; nonaqueous electrolyte; electrochemical capacitor; improved electrolyte; /252/429/999/

Citation Formats

McEwen, Alan B, and Yair, Ein-Eli. Nonaqueous electrolyte for electrical storage devices. United States: N. p., 1999. Web.
McEwen, Alan B, & Yair, Ein-Eli. Nonaqueous electrolyte for electrical storage devices. United States.
McEwen, Alan B, and Yair, Ein-Eli. Fri . "Nonaqueous electrolyte for electrical storage devices". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/872574.
@article{osti_872574,
title = {Nonaqueous electrolyte for electrical storage devices},
author = {McEwen, Alan B and Yair, Ein-Eli},
abstractNote = {Improved nonaqueous electrolytes for application in electrical storage devices such as electrochemical capacitors or batteries are disclosed. The electrolytes of the invention contain salts consisting of alkyl substituted, cyclic delocalized aromatic cations, and their perfluoro derivatives, and certain polyatomic anions having a van der Waals volume less than or equal to 100 .ANG..sup.3, preferably inorganic perfluoride anions and most preferably PF.sub.6.sup.-, the salts being dissolved in organic liquids, and preferably alkyl carbonate solvents, or liquid sulfur dioxide or combinations thereof, at a concentration of greater than 0.5M and preferably greater than 1.0M. Exemplary electrolytes comprise 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in a cyclic or acylic alkyl carbonate, or methyl formate, or a combination therof. These improved electrolytes have useful characteristics such as higher conductivity, higher concentration, higher energy storage capabilities, and higher power characteristics compared to prior art electrolytes. Stacked capacitor cells using electrolytes of the invention permit high energy, high voltage storage.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {1999},
month = {1}
}

Works referenced in this record:

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The Interfacial Stability of Li with Two New Solvent‐Free Ionic Liquids: 1,2‐Dimethyl‐3‐propylimidazolium Imide and Methide
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Electronically conducting polymers and activated carbon: Electrode materials in supercapacitor technology
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Dual Intercalating Molten Electrolyte Batteries
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Nonaqueous Electrolytes for Electrochemical Capacitors: Imidazolium Cations and Inorganic Fluorides with Organic Carbonates
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Structure of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate: model for room temperature molten salts
journal, January 1994


The Intrinsic Anodic Stability of Several Anions Comprising Solvent‐Free Ionic Liquids
journal, March 1996


Electric Double‐Layer Capacitor Composed of Activated Carbon Fiber Cloth Electrodes and Solid Polymer Electrolytes Containing Alkylammonium Salts
journal, July 1994


The Performance and Stability of Ambient Temperature Molten Salts for Solar Cell Applications
journal, January 1996


New, Stable, Ambient-Temperature Molten Salts
journal, January 1992


New Electric Double‐Layer Capacitors Using Polymer Solid Electrolytes Containing Tetraalkylammonium Salts
journal, July 1993


Hydrophobic, Highly Conductive Ambient-Temperature Molten Salts
journal, January 1996