Method and apparatus for suppressing regenerative instability and related chatter in machine tools

Segalman, Daniel J; Redmond, James M

Title: Method and apparatus for suppressing regenerative instability and related chatter in machine tools

Abstract

Methods of and apparatuses for mitigating chatter vibrations in machine tools or components thereof. Chatter therein is suppressed by periodically or continuously varying the stiffness of the cutting tool (or some component of the cutting tool), and hence the resonant frequency of the cutting tool (or some component thereof). The varying of resonant frequency of the cutting tool can be accomplished by modulating the stiffness of the cutting tool, the cutting tool holder, or any other component of the support for the cutting tool. By periodically altering the impedance of the cutting tool assembly, chatter is mitigated. In one embodiment, a cyclic electric (or magnetic) field is applied to the spindle quill which contains an electro-rheological (or magneto-rheological) fluid. The variable yield stress in the fluid affects the coupling of the spindle to the machine tool structure, changing the natural frequency of oscillation. Altering the modal characteristics in this fashion disrupts the modulation of current tool vibrations with previous tool vibrations recorded on the workpiece surface.

Inventors:

Segalman, Daniel J ^[1]; Redmond, James M ^[1]

Albuquerque, NM

Issue Date:: 1999-01-01

Research Org.:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)

OSTI Identifier:: 872532

Patent Number(s):: 5957016

Assignee:: Sandia Corporation (Albuquerque, NM)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23C - MILLING

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23Q - DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23C - MILLING
B23C2250/16 - Damping vibrations

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23Q - DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING
B23Q11/0039 - {by changing the natural frequency of the system or by continuously changing the frequency of the force which causes the vibration}

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23C - MILLING
B23C3/00 - Milling particular work

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10T - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T82/2595 - with noise or vibration dampener

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23B - TURNING
B23B2250/16 - Damping of vibrations

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10T - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T82/25 - Lathe

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23B - TURNING
B23B31/00 - Chucks {
B23B2228/16 - Shape memory alloys
B23B31/117 - Retention by friction only, e.g. using springs, resilient sleeves, tapers

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10T - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T409/304312 - with means to dampen vibration
Y10T82/10 - Process of turning
Y10T408/76 - Tool-carrier with vibration-damping means

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23B - TURNING
B23B2265/08 - Conical

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DOE Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: method; apparatus; suppressing; regenerative; instability; related; chatter; machine; tools; methods; apparatuses; mitigating; vibrations; components; therein; suppressed; periodically; continuously; varying; stiffness; cutting; tool; component; hence; resonant; frequency; accomplished; modulating; holder; support; altering; impedance; assembly; mitigated; embodiment; cyclic; electric; magnetic; field; applied; spindle; quill; contains; electro-rheological; magneto-rheological; fluid; variable; yield; stress; affects; coupling; structure; changing; natural; oscillation; modal; characteristics; fashion; disrupts; modulation; current; previous; recorded; workpiece; surface; natural frequency; workpiece surface; tool assembly; machine tools; tool holder; resonant frequency; cutting tool; machine tool; continuously varying; related chatter; regenerative instability; chatter vibrations; chatter therein; mitigating chatter; suppressing regenerative; periodically alter; /82/409/

Citation Formats


                    Segalman, Daniel J, and Redmond, James M. Method and apparatus for suppressing regenerative instability and related chatter in machine tools.  United States: N. p., 1999. 
        Web.

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                    Segalman, Daniel J, & Redmond, James M. Method and apparatus for suppressing regenerative instability and related chatter in machine tools.  United States.

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                    Segalman, Daniel J, and Redmond, James M. Fri .  
        "Method and apparatus for suppressing regenerative instability and related chatter in machine tools".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/872532.

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@article{osti_872532,

  title        = {Method and apparatus for suppressing regenerative instability and related chatter in machine tools},

  author       = {Segalman, Daniel J and Redmond, James M},

  abstractNote = {Methods of and apparatuses for mitigating chatter vibrations in machine tools or components thereof. Chatter therein is suppressed by periodically or continuously varying the stiffness of the cutting tool (or some component of the cutting tool), and hence the resonant frequency of the cutting tool (or some component thereof). The varying of resonant frequency of the cutting tool can be accomplished by modulating the stiffness of the cutting tool, the cutting tool holder, or any other component of the support for the cutting tool. By periodically altering the impedance of the cutting tool assembly, chatter is mitigated. In one embodiment, a cyclic electric (or magnetic) field is applied to the spindle quill which contains an electro-rheological (or magneto-rheological) fluid. The variable yield stress in the fluid affects the coupling of the spindle to the machine tool structure, changing the natural frequency of oscillation. Altering the modal characteristics in this fashion disrupts the modulation of current tool vibrations with previous tool vibrations recorded on the workpiece surface.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1999},

  month        = {1}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

Analysis and Design of Machine Tool Chatter Control Systems Using the Regeneration Spectrum
journal, September 1978

Srinivasan, K.; Nachtigal, C. L.
Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, Vol. 100, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3426367

Suppression of self-excited vibration by the spindle speed variation method
journal, January 1984

Jemielniak, K.; Widota, A.
International Journal of Machine Tool Design and Research, Vol. 24, Issue 3
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Active flexible rods with embedded SMA fibers
journal, June 1992

Lagoudas, D. C.; Tadjbakhsh, I. G.
Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 1, Issue 2
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Active Control of Machine-Tool Chatter
journal, June 1970

Nachtigal, C. L.; Cook, N. H.
Journal of Basic Engineering, Vol. 92, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3424982

A closed loop stabilization technique eliminating machine tool chatter
journal, June 1969

MacManus, B. R.
International Journal of Machine Tool Design and Research, Vol. 9, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7357(69)90015-8

An Investigation of Computer Control of Machining Chatter
journal, November 1976

Subramanian, T. L.; DeVries, M. F.; Wu, S. M.
Journal of Engineering for Industry, Vol. 98, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3439086

Vibration Suppression by Modulation of Elastic Modulus Using Shape Memory Alloy
conference, March 2021

Segalman, Daniel J.; Parker, Gordon G.; Inman, Daniel J.
ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences, 14th Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise: Intelligent Structures, Materials, and Vibrations
https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC1993-0151

Low vibration control system in turning
journal, October 1992

Lin, S. C.; Hu, M. R.
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 32, Issue 5
https://doi.org/10.1016/0890-6955(92)90018-C

Active control method for passing through critical speeds of rotating shafts by changing stiffnesses of the supports with use of memory metals
journal, March 1987

Nagaya, K.; Takeda, S.; Tsukui, Y.
Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 113, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-460X(87)80217-1

Application of Controlled Mechanical Impedance for Reducing Machine Tool Vibrations
journal, November 1969

Comstock, T. R.; Tse, F. S.; Lemon, J. R.
Journal of Engineering for Industry, Vol. 91, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3591748

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Similar Records

Title: Method and apparatus for suppressing regenerative instability and related chatter in machine tools

Abstract

Citation Formats

Analysis and Design of Machine Tool Chatter Control Systems Using the Regeneration Spectrum journal, September 1978

Suppression of self-excited vibration by the spindle speed variation method journal, January 1984

Active flexible rods with embedded SMA fibers journal, June 1992

Active Control of Machine-Tool Chatter journal, June 1970

A closed loop stabilization technique eliminating machine tool chatter journal, June 1969

An Investigation of Computer Control of Machining Chatter journal, November 1976

Vibration Suppression by Modulation of Elastic Modulus Using Shape Memory Alloy conference, March 2021

Low vibration control system in turning journal, October 1992

Active control method for passing through critical speeds of rotating shafts by changing stiffnesses of the supports with use of memory metals journal, March 1987

Application of Controlled Mechanical Impedance for Reducing Machine Tool Vibrations journal, November 1969

Analysis and Design of Machine Tool Chatter Control Systems Using the Regeneration Spectrum
journal, September 1978

Suppression of self-excited vibration by the spindle speed variation method
journal, January 1984

Active flexible rods with embedded SMA fibers
journal, June 1992

Active Control of Machine-Tool Chatter
journal, June 1970

A closed loop stabilization technique eliminating machine tool chatter
journal, June 1969

An Investigation of Computer Control of Machining Chatter
journal, November 1976

Vibration Suppression by Modulation of Elastic Modulus Using Shape Memory Alloy
conference, March 2021

Low vibration control system in turning
journal, October 1992

Active control method for passing through critical speeds of rotating shafts by changing stiffnesses of the supports with use of memory metals
journal, March 1987

Application of Controlled Mechanical Impedance for Reducing Machine Tool Vibrations
journal, November 1969