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Title: Method and apparatus for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes

Abstract

An electrically regeneratable electrochemical cell (30) for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes includes two end plates (31, 32), one at each end of the cell (30). Two end electrodes (35, 36) are arranged one at each end of the cell (30), adjacent to the end plates (31, 32). An insulator layer (33) is interposed between each end plate (31, 32) and the adjacent end electrode (35, 36). Each end electrode (35, 36) includes a single sheet (44) of conductive material having a high specific surface area and sorption capacity. In one embodiment, the sheet (44) of conductive material is formed of carbon aerogel composite. The cell (30) further includes a plurality of generally identical double-sided intermediate electrodes (37-43) that are equidistally separated from each other, between the two end electrodes (35, 36). As the electrolyte enters the cell, it flows through a continuous open serpentine channel (65-71) defined by the electrodes, substantially parallel to the surfaces of the electrodes. By polarizing the cell (30), ions are removed from the electrolyte and are held in the electric double layers formed at the carbon aerogel surfaces of the electrodes. As the cell (30) is saturated with the removedmore » ions, the cell (30) is regenerated electrically, thus significantly minimizing secondary wastes.

Inventors:
 [1]
+ Show Inventor Affiliations
  1. Tracy, CA
Issue Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
872523
Patent Number(s):
5954937
Assignee:
Regents of University of California (Oakland, CA)
Patent Classifications (CPCs):
B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION
B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
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DOE Contract Number:  
W-7405-ENG-48
Resource Type:
Patent
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
method; apparatus; capacitive; deionization; electrochemical; purification; regeneration; electrodes; electrically; regeneratable; cell; 30; plates; 31; 32; 35; 36; arranged; adjacent; insulator; layer; 33; interposed; plate; electrode; single; sheet; 44; conductive; material; specific; surface; sorption; capacity; embodiment; formed; carbon; aerogel; composite; plurality; identical; double-sided; intermediate; 37-43; equidistally; separated; electrolyte; enters; flows; continuous; serpentine; channel; 65-71; defined; substantially; parallel; surfaces; polarizing; removed; held; electric; double; layers; saturated; regenerated; significantly; minimizing; secondary; wastes; specific surface; insulator layer; conductive material; electrochemical cell; carbon aerogel; double layer; substantially parallel; capacitive deionization; aerogel composite; layers formed; secondary wastes; serpentine channel; sorption capacity; electrochemical purification; electric double; secondary waste; /205/204/

Citation Formats

Farmer, Joseph C. Method and apparatus for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes. United States: N. p., 1999. Web.
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Farmer, Joseph C. Method and apparatus for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes. United States.
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Farmer, Joseph C. Fri . "Method and apparatus for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/872523.
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@article{osti_872523,
title = {Method and apparatus for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes},
author = {Farmer, Joseph C},
abstractNote = {An electrically regeneratable electrochemical cell (30) for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes includes two end plates (31, 32), one at each end of the cell (30). Two end electrodes (35, 36) are arranged one at each end of the cell (30), adjacent to the end plates (31, 32). An insulator layer (33) is interposed between each end plate (31, 32) and the adjacent end electrode (35, 36). Each end electrode (35, 36) includes a single sheet (44) of conductive material having a high specific surface area and sorption capacity. In one embodiment, the sheet (44) of conductive material is formed of carbon aerogel composite. The cell (30) further includes a plurality of generally identical double-sided intermediate electrodes (37-43) that are equidistally separated from each other, between the two end electrodes (35, 36). As the electrolyte enters the cell, it flows through a continuous open serpentine channel (65-71) defined by the electrodes, substantially parallel to the surfaces of the electrodes. By polarizing the cell (30), ions are removed from the electrolyte and are held in the electric double layers formed at the carbon aerogel surfaces of the electrodes. As the cell (30) is saturated with the removed ions, the cell (30) is regenerated electrically, thus significantly minimizing secondary wastes.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {1999},
month = {1}
}
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Works referenced in this record:

Water desalting by means of electrochemical parametric pumping. II. Separation properties of a multistage column
journal, July 1983

Electrochemical Parametric Pumping
journal, June 1978

Studies on the Electrochemistry of Carbon and Chemically-Modified Carbon Surfaces
journal, January 1961

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