Title: Mesoporous-silica films, fibers, and powders by evaporation

Abstract

This invention pertains to surfactant-templated nanometer-scale porosity of a silica precursor solution and forming a mesoporous material by first forming the silica precursor solution into a preform having a high surface area to volume ratio, then rapid drying or evaporating a solvent from the silica precursor solution. The mesoporous material may be in any geometric form, but is preferably in the form of a film, fiber, powder or combinations thereof. The rapid drying or evaporation of solvent from the solution is accomplished by layer thinning, for example spin casting, liquid drawing, and liquid spraying respectively. Production of a film is by layer thinning, wherein a layer of the silica precursor solution is formed on a surface followed by removal of an amount of the silica precursor solution and leaving a geometrically thinner layer of the silica precursor solution from which the solvent quickly escapes via evaporation. Layer thinning may be by any method including but not limited to squeegeeing and/or spin casting. In powder formation by spray drying, the same conditions of fast drying exists as in spin-casting (as well as in fiber spinning) because of the high surface-area to volume ratio of the product. When a powder is producedmore » by liquid spraying, the particles or micro-bubbles within the powder are hollow spheres with walls composed of mesoporous silica. Mesoporous fiber formation starts with a similar silica precursor solution but with an added pre-polymer making a pituitous mixture that is drawn into a thin strand from which solvent is evaporated leaving the mesoporous fiber(s). « less

Inventors:

Bruinsma, Paul J ^[1]; Baskaran, Suresh ^[1]; Bontha, Jagannadha R ^[2]; Liu, Jun ^[3]

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+ Show Inventor Affiliations

1. Kennewick, WA
2. Richland, WA
3. West Richland, WA

Issue Date:

1999-01-01

Research Org.:

Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH (United States)

OSTI Identifier:

872382

Patent Number(s):

5922299

Assignee:

Battelle Memorial Institute (Richland, WA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/103 - {comprising silica}
B01J21/08 - Silica
B01J37/0236 - {Drying, e.g. preparing a suspension, adding a soluble salt and drying}
B01J37/033 - {Using Hydrolysis}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B37/005 - {Silicates, i.e. so-called metallosilicalites or metallozeosilites}
C01B37/02 - Crystalline silica-polymorphs, e.g. silicalites {dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolites}

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B14/4631 - {Silica}
C04B20/0056 - {Hollow or porous fibres}
C04B20/006 - {Microfibres
C04B35/14 - based on silica
C04B35/62218 - {obtaining ceramic films, e.g. by using temporary supports}
C04B38/0022 - {obtained by a chemical conversion or reaction other than those relating to the setting or hardening of cement-like material or to the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. by carbonising or pyrolysing preformed cellular materials based on polymers, organo-metallic or organo-silicon precursors}
C04B38/009 - {Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
C04B38/02 - by adding chemical blowing agents
C04B38/10 - by using foaming agents
C04B41/009 - {characterised by the material treated}
C04B41/4582 - {Porous coatings, e.g. coating containing porous fillers}
C04B41/81 - Coating or impregnation

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DOE Contract Number:  

AC06-76RL01830

Resource Type:

Patent

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

mesoporous-silica; films; fibers; powders; evaporation; pertains; surfactant-templated; nanometer-scale; porosity; silica; precursor; solution; forming; mesoporous; material; preform; surface; volume; ratio; rapid; drying; evaporating; solvent; geometric; form; preferably; film; fiber; powder; combinations; accomplished; layer; thinning; example; spin; casting; liquid; drawing; spraying; respectively; production; formed; followed; removal; amount; leaving; geometrically; thinner; quickly; escapes; via; method; including; limited; squeegeeing; formation; spray; conditions; fast; exists; spin-casting; spinning; surface-area; product; produced; particles; micro-bubbles; hollow; spheres; walls; composed; starts; similar; added; pre-polymer; pituitous; mixture; drawn; strand; evaporated; method including; silica precursor; porous silica; precursor solution; hollow spheres; volume ratio; inner layer; porous material; powder form; spray drying; mesoporous material; hollow sphere; powder formation; /423/