Title: Chemically modified graphite for electrochemical cells

Abstract

This invention relates to chemically modified graphite particles: (a) that are useful in alkali metal-containing electrode of a electrochemical cell comprising: (i) the electrode, (ii) a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising an organic aprotic solvent which solvent tends to decompose when the electrochemical cell is in use, and an electrically conductive salt of an alkali metal, and (iii) a counterelectrode; and (b) that are chemically modified with fluorine, chlorine, iodine or phosphorus to reduce such decomposition. This invention also relates to electrodes comprising such chemically modified graphite and a binder and to electrochemical cells containing such electrodes.

Inventors:

Greinke, Ronald Alfred ^[1]; Lewis, Irwin Charles ^[2]

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1. Medina, OH
2. Strongsville, OH

Issue Date:

1998-05-19

Research Org.:

US ADVANCED BATTERY CONSORTIUM

OSTI Identifier:

871569

Patent Number(s):

5756062

Assignee:

Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation ()

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

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H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M10/0568 - characterised by the solutes

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/10 - Energy storage

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M2004/029 - {Bipolar electrodes}
H01M10/0569 - characterised by the solvents
H01M4/5815 - {Sulfides}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01P - INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/61 - Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B32/21 - After-treatment

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M4/505 - of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M4/525 - of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M4/5825 - {Oxygenated metallic slats or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines}
H01M10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes
H01M4/587 - for inserting or intercalating light metals
H01M4/5835 - {Comprising fluorine or fluoride salts}
H01M2004/021 - {Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area}
H01M4/133 - Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx

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DOE Contract Number:  

FC02-91CE50336

Resource Type:

Patent

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

chemically; modified; graphite; electrochemical; cells; relates; particles; useful; alkali; metal-containing; electrode; cell; comprising; ii; non-aqueous; electrolytic; solution; organic; aprotic; solvent; tends; decompose; electrically; conductive; salt; metal; iii; counterelectrode; fluorine; chlorine; iodine; phosphorus; reduce; decomposition; electrodes; binder; containing; aprotic solvent; electrolytic solution; alkali metal-containing; electrochemical cells; alkali metal; electrochemical cell; electrically conductive; solution comprising; cell comprising; chemically modified; cells containing; modified graphite; aqueous electrolytic; non-aqueous electrolytic; organic aprotic; graphite particles; conductive salt; cells contain; electrodes comprising; /423/204/429/