Fast quench reactor and method

Title: Fast quench reactor and method

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Abstract

A fast quench reaction includes a reactor chamber having a high temperature heating means such as a plasma torch at its inlet and a restrictive convergent-divergent nozzle at its outlet end. Reactants are injected into the reactor chamber. The resulting heated gaseous stream is then rapidly cooled by passage through the nozzle. This "freezes" the desired end product(s) in the heated equilibrium reaction stage.

Inventors:

Detering, Brent A ^[1]; Donaldson, Alan D ^[1]; Fincke, James R ^[1]; Kong, Peter C ^[1]

Idaho Falls, ID

Issue Date:: 1998-01-01

Research Org.:: Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

OSTI Identifier:: 871537

Patent Number(s):: 5749937

Assignee:: Lockheed Idaho Technologies Company (Idaho Falls, ID)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

H - ELECTRICITY H05 - ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR H05H - PLASMA TECHNIQUE

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/00119 - Heat exchange inside a feeding nozzle or nozzle reactor

H - ELECTRICITY H05 - ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR H05H - PLASMA TECHNIQUE
H05H1/34 - Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles {

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
Y02P20/582 - of unreacted starting or intermediate materials

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10S - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10S977/777 - Metallic powder or flake

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/0875 - Gas
B01J2219/0898 - Hot plasma

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B82 - NANOTECHNOLOGY B82Y - SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES
B82Y30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

C - CHEMISTRY C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY C07C - ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
C07C2/76 - by condensation of hydrocarbons with partial elimination of hydrogen

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
B01J2219/00162 - controlling the pressure
B01J19/088 - {giving rise to electric discharges
B01J2219/0886 - Gas-solid

C - CHEMISTRY C22 - METALLURGY C22B - PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS
C22B4/08 - Apparatus

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/0809 - employing two or more electrodes

C - CHEMISTRY C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY C07C - ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
C07C11/24 - Acetylene

C - CHEMISTRY C22 - METALLURGY C22B - PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS
C22B34/12 - Obtaining titanium {or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B7/035 - {Preparation of hydrogen chloride from chlorides}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01G - COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
C01G1/02 - Oxides

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/00166 - controlling the residence time inside the reactor vessel
B01J2219/00245 - Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
B01J2219/00155 - using insulating materials or refractories
B01J2219/00159 - controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B3/342 - {with the aid of electrical means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, or particle radiations}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01P - INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C01P2004/64 - Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2219/00094 - Jackets
B01J2219/0871 - Heating or cooling of the reactor

C - CHEMISTRY C22 - METALLURGY C22B - PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS
C22B34/1286 - {using hydrogen containing agents, e.g. H2, CaH2, hydrocarbons}

H - ELECTRICITY H05 - ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR H05H - PLASMA TECHNIQUE
H05H2001/3484 - {convergent/divergent nozzle}

C - CHEMISTRY C22 - METALLURGY C22B - PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS
C22B34/129 - {obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation, e.g. thermic dissociation of titanium tetraiodide, or by electrolysis or with the use of an electric arc}
C22B4/005 - {using plasma jets

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DOE Contract Number:: AC07-94ID13223

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: fast; quench; reactor; method; reaction; chamber; temperature; heating; means; plasma; torch; inlet; restrictive; convergent-divergent; nozzle; outlet; reactants; injected; resulting; heated; gaseous; stream; rapidly; cooled; passage; freezes; desired; product; equilibrium; stage; rapidly cooled; heating means; gaseous stream; plasma torch; reactor chamber; temperature heat; quench reactor; resulting heated; resulting heat; restrictive convergent-divergent; temperature heating; fast quench; heated gas; heated gaseous; quench reaction; convergent-divergent nozzle; rapidly cool; /75/266/373/420/422/423/585/

Citation Formats


                    Detering, Brent A, Donaldson, Alan D, Fincke, James R, and Kong, Peter C. Fast quench reactor and method.  United States: N. p., 1998. 
        Web.

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                    Detering, Brent A, Donaldson, Alan D, Fincke, James R, & Kong, Peter C. Fast quench reactor and method.  United States.

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                    Detering, Brent A, Donaldson, Alan D, Fincke, James R, and Kong, Peter C. Thu .  
        "Fast quench reactor and method".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/871537.

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@article{osti_871537,

  title        = {Fast quench reactor and method},

  author       = {Detering, Brent A and Donaldson, Alan D and Fincke, James R and Kong, Peter C},

  abstractNote = {A fast quench reaction includes a reactor chamber having a high temperature heating means such as a plasma torch at its inlet and a restrictive convergent-divergent nozzle at its outlet end. Reactants are injected into the reactor chamber. The resulting heated gaseous stream is then rapidly cooled by passage through the nozzle. This "freezes" the desired end product(s) in the heated equilibrium reaction stage.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1998},

  month        = {1}

}

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