Active magnetic refrigerants based on Gd-Si-Ge material and refrigeration apparatus and process

Pecharsky, Vitalij K

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Title: Active magnetic refrigerants based on Gd-Si-Ge material and refrigeration apparatus and process

Abstract

Active magnetic regenerator and method using Gd.sub.5 (Si.sub.x Ge.sub.1-x).sub.4, where x is equal to or less than 0.5, as a magnetic refrigerant that exhibits a reversible ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic-II/ferromagnetic-I first order phase transition and extraordinary magneto-thermal properties, such as a giant magnetocaloric effect, that renders the refrigerant more efficient and useful than existing magnetic refrigerants for commercialization of magnetic regenerators. The reversible first order phase transition is tunable from approximately 30 K to approximately 290 K (near room temperature) and above by compositional adjustments. The active magnetic regenerator and method can function for refrigerating, air conditioning, and liquefying low temperature cryogens with significantly improved efficiency and operating temperature range from approximately 10 K to 300 K and above. Also an active magnetic regenerator and method using Gd.sub.5 (Si.sub.x Ge.sub.1-x).sub.4, where x is equal to or greater than 0.5, as a magnetic heater/refrigerant that exhibits a reversible ferromagnetic/paramagnetic second order phase transition with large magneto-thermal properties, such as a large magnetocaloric effect that permits the commercialization of a magnetic heat pump and/or refrigerant. This second order phase transition is tunable from approximately 280 K (near room temperature) to approximately 350 K by composition adjustments. The active magnetic regenerator and method canmore » « less

Inventors:

Gschneidner, Jr., Karl A. ^[1]; Pecharsky, Vitalij K ^[2]

(Ames, IA)
Ames, IA

Issue Date:: 1998-01-01

Research Org.:: Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA; Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)

OSTI Identifier:: 871493

Patent Number(s):: 5743095

Application Number:: 08/753,064

Assignee:: Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. (Ames, IA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F25 - REFRIGERATION OR COOLING F25B - REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01F - MAGNETS

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F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F25 - REFRIGERATION OR COOLING F25B - REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS
F25B21/00 - Machines, plant, or systems, using electric or magnetic effects {
F25B2321/0022 - with a rotating or otherwise moving magnet

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01F - MAGNETS
H01F1/0009 - {Antiferromagnetic materials, i.e. materials exhibiting a Néel transition temperature
H01F1/015 - {Metals or alloys}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02B - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
Y02B30/00 - Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10S - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10S505/889 - Utilizing rare earth material
Y10S505/891 - Magnetic or electrical effect cooling

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DOE Contract Number:: W-7405-ENG-82

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: active; magnetic; refrigerants; based; gd-si-ge; material; refrigeration; apparatus; process; regenerator; method; gd; 1-x; equal; refrigerant; exhibits; reversible; ferromagnetic; antiferromagnetic; ferromagnetic-ii; ferromagnetic-i; phase; transition; extraordinary; magneto-thermal; properties; giant; magnetocaloric; effect; renders; efficient; useful; existing; commercialization; regenerators; tunable; approximately; 30; 290; near; temperature; compositional; adjustments; function; refrigerating; air; conditioning; liquefying; cryogens; significantly; improved; efficiency; operating; range; 10; 300; heater; paramagnetic; permits; heat; pump; 280; 350; composition; level; heating; climate; control; buildings; homes; automobile; chemical; processing; significantly improved; climate control; air conditioning; improved efficiency; active magnetic; temperature range; heat pump; operating temperature; refrigeration apparatus; magnetic regenerator; chemical processing; thermal properties; phase transition; chemical process; magnetic refrigerant; magnetic refrigerants; magnetic heat; magnetocaloric effect; significantly improve; position adjustment; /62/148/505/

Citation Formats


                    Gschneidner, Jr., Karl A., and Pecharsky, Vitalij K. Active magnetic refrigerants based on Gd-Si-Ge material and refrigeration apparatus and process.  United States: N. p., 1998. 
        Web.

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                    Gschneidner, Jr., Karl A., & Pecharsky, Vitalij K. Active magnetic refrigerants based on Gd-Si-Ge material and refrigeration apparatus and process.  United States.

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                    Gschneidner, Jr., Karl A., and Pecharsky, Vitalij K. Thu .  
        "Active magnetic refrigerants based on Gd-Si-Ge material and refrigeration apparatus and process".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/871493.

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@article{osti_871493,

  title        = {Active magnetic refrigerants based on Gd-Si-Ge material and refrigeration apparatus and process},

  author       = {Gschneidner, Jr., Karl A. and Pecharsky, Vitalij K},

  abstractNote = {Active magnetic regenerator and method using Gd.sub.5 (Si.sub.x Ge.sub.1-x).sub.4, where x is equal to or less than 0.5, as a magnetic refrigerant that exhibits a reversible ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic-II/ferromagnetic-I first order phase transition and extraordinary magneto-thermal properties, such as a giant magnetocaloric effect, that renders the refrigerant more efficient and useful than existing magnetic refrigerants for commercialization of magnetic regenerators. The reversible first order phase transition is tunable from approximately 30 K to approximately 290 K (near room temperature) and above by compositional adjustments. The active magnetic regenerator and method can function for refrigerating, air conditioning, and liquefying low temperature cryogens with significantly improved efficiency and operating temperature range from approximately 10 K to 300 K and above. Also an active magnetic regenerator and method using Gd.sub.5 (Si.sub.x Ge.sub.1-x).sub.4, where x is equal to or greater than 0.5, as a magnetic heater/refrigerant that exhibits a reversible ferromagnetic/paramagnetic second order phase transition with large magneto-thermal properties, such as a large magnetocaloric effect that permits the commercialization of a magnetic heat pump and/or refrigerant. This second order phase transition is tunable from approximately 280 K (near room temperature) to approximately 350 K by composition adjustments. The active magnetic regenerator and method can function for low level heating for climate control for buildings, homes and automobile, and chemical processing.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1998},

  month        = {1}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

New ferromagnetic 5 : 4 compounds in the rare earth silicon and germanium systems
journal, November 1967

Holtzberg, F.; Gambino, R. J.; McGuire, T. R.
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 28, Issue 11
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(67)90253-3

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Similar Records

Title: Active magnetic refrigerants based on Gd-Si-Ge material and refrigeration apparatus and process

Abstract

Citation Formats

New ferromagnetic 5 : 4 compounds in the rare earth silicon and germanium systems journal, November 1967

New ferromagnetic 5 : 4 compounds in the rare earth silicon and germanium systems
journal, November 1967