Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting

Williamson, Rodney L; Zanner, Frank J; Grose, Stephen M

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Title: Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting

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Abstract

The electrode gap of a VAR is monitored by determining the skewness of a distribution of gap voltage measurements. A decrease in skewness indicates an increase in gap and may be used to control the gap.

Inventors:

Williamson, Rodney L ^[1]; Zanner, Frank J ^[2]; Grose, Stephen M ^[3]

Albuquerque, NM
Sandia Park, NM
Glenwood, WV

Issue Date:: 1998-01-01

Research Org.:: AT&T

OSTI Identifier:: 871329

Patent Number(s):: 5708677

Assignee:: Sandia Corporation (Albuquerque, NM)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F27 - FURNACES F27B - FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL

F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F27 - FURNACES F27D - DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE

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F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F27 - FURNACES F27B - FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL
F27B3/28 - Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices

F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING F27 - FURNACES F27D - DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
F27D11/08 - Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge

H - ELECTRICITY H05 - ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR H05B - ELECTRIC HEATING
H05B7/152 - by electromechanical means for positioning of electrodes

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
Y02P10/25 - by increasing the energy efficiency of the process

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DOE Contract Number:: AC04-76DP00789

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: voltage; distribution; skewness; indicator; electrode; gap; vacuum; remelting; var; monitored; determining; measurements; decrease; indicates; increase; control; voltage measurement; electrode gap; voltage measurements; /373/

Citation Formats


                    Williamson, Rodney L, Zanner, Frank J, and Grose, Stephen M. Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting.  United States: N. p., 1998. 
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                    Williamson, Rodney L, Zanner, Frank J, & Grose, Stephen M. Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting.  United States.

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                    Williamson, Rodney L, Zanner, Frank J, and Grose, Stephen M. Thu .  
        "Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/871329.

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@article{osti_871329,

  title        = {Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting},

  author       = {Williamson, Rodney L and Zanner, Frank J and Grose, Stephen M},

  abstractNote = {The electrode gap of a VAR is monitored by determining the skewness of a distribution of gap voltage measurements. A decrease in skewness indicates an increase in gap and may be used to control the gap.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1998},

  month        = {1}

}

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Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting

Patent Williamson, R L; Zanner, F J; Grose, S M

The electrode gap of a VAR is monitored by determining the skewness of a distribution of gap voltage measurements. A decrease in skewness indicates an increase in gap and may be used to control the gap. 4 figs.
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Patent Williamson, Rodney L [Albuquerque, NM]; Zanner, Frank J [Sandia Park, NM]; Grose, Stephen M [Glenwood, WV]

An apparatus and method for controlling electrode gap in a vacuum arc remelting furnace, particularly at low melting currents. Spectrographic analysis is performed of the metal vapor plasma, from which estimates of electrode gap are derived.
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A Vacuum Arc Remelting controller apparatus wherein process control is accomplished primarily through control of pool power. Pool power being defined as the total energy flux into a top ingot surface of the VAR ingot. The controller apparatus of the present invention comprises a controller computer that transmits commands to the host furnace through an ethernet connection.
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Patent Williamson, R L; Zanner, F J; Grose, S M

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