Title: Metal hydrides as electrode/catalyst materials for oxygen evolution/reduction in electrochemical devices

Abstract

An at least ternary metal alloy of the formula, AB.sub.(5-Y)X(.sub.y), is claimed. In this formula, A is selected from the rare earth elements, B is selected from the elements of groups 8, 9, and 10 of the periodic table of the elements, and X includes at least one of the following: antimony, arsenic, and bismuth. Ternary or higher-order substitutions, to the base AB.sub.5 alloys, that form strong kinetic interactions with the predominant metals in the base metal hydride are used to form metal alloys with high structural integrity after multiple cycles of hydrogen sorption.

Inventors:

Bugga, Ratnakumar V ^[1]; Halpert, Gerald ^[2]; Fultz, Brent ^[2]; Witham, Charles K ^[2]; Bowman, Robert C ^[3]; Hightower, Adrian ^[4]

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+ Show Inventor Affiliations

1. Arcadia, CA
2. Pasadena, CA
3. La Mesa, CA
4. Whittier, CA

Issue Date:

1997-01-01

Research Org.:

California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

OSTI Identifier:

871092

Patent Number(s):

5656388

Assignee:

California Institute of Technology (Pasadena, CA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

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C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B3/0047 - {containing a rare earth metal
C01B3/0057 - {also containing nickel}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M10/345 - {Gastight metal hydride accumulators}
H01M12/04 - composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
H01M2008/147 - {Fuel cells with molten carbonates}
H01M2300/0005 - Acid electrolytes
H01M2300/0014 - Alkaline electrolytes
H01M2300/0051 - Carbonates
H01M2300/0082 - Organic polymers
H01M4/383 - {Hydrogen absorbing alloys}
H01M4/90 - Selection of catalytic material
H01M8/184 - {Regeneration by electrochemical means}
H01M8/22 - Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements
H01M8/222 - {Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on compounds containing nitrogen, e.g. hydrazine, ammonia}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/10 - Energy storage
Y02E60/32 - Hydrogen storage
Y02E60/50 - Fuel cells

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y10 - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC Y10S - TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

Y10S420/90 - Hydrogen storage

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DOE Contract Number:  

FG03-94ER14493

Resource Type:

Patent

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

metal; hydrides; electrode; catalyst; materials; oxygen; evolution; reduction; electrochemical; devices; ternary; alloy; formula; 5-y; claimed; selected; rare; earth; elements; 10; periodic; table; following; antimony; arsenic; bismuth; higher-order; substitutions; base; alloys; form; strong; kinetic; interactions; predominant; metals; hydride; structural; integrity; multiple; cycles; hydrogen; sorption; metal hydrides; electrochemical devices; catalyst material; earth elements; rare earth; metal alloy; metal hydride; base metal; structural integrity; metal alloys; periodic table; form metal; electrochemical device; earth element; ternary metal; multiple cycles; oxygen evolution; hydrogen sorption; catalyst materials; /429/420/