Carbon aerogel electrodes for direct energy conversion

Mayer, Steven T; Kaschmitter, James L; Pekala, Richard W

Title: Carbon aerogel electrodes for direct energy conversion

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Abstract

A direct energy conversion device, such as a fuel cell, using carbon aerogel electrodes, wherein the carbon aerogel is loaded with a noble catalyst, such as platinum or rhodium and soaked with phosphoric acid, for example. A separator is located between the electrodes, which are placed in a cylinder having plate current collectors positioned adjacent the electrodes and connected to a power supply, and a pair of gas manifolds, containing hydrogen and oxygen positioned adjacent the current collectors. Due to the high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity of carbon aerogels, the problems relative to high polarization resistance of carbon composite electrodes conventionally used in fuel cells are overcome.

Inventors:

Mayer, Steven T ^[1]; Kaschmitter, James L ^[2]; Pekala, Richard W ^[3]

San Leandro, CA
Pleasanton, CA
Pleasant Hill, CA

Issue Date:: 1997-01-01

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

OSTI Identifier:: 870822

Patent Number(s):: 5601938

Assignee:: Regents of University of California (Oakland, CA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

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H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
H01M4/92 - Metals of platinum group
H01M8/08 - Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
H01M2300/0082 - Organic polymers
H01M4/96 - Carbon-based electrodes

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/50 - Fuel cells

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DOE Contract Number:: W-7405-ENG-48

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: carbon; aerogel; electrodes; direct; energy; conversion; device; fuel; cell; loaded; noble; catalyst; platinum; rhodium; soaked; phosphoric; acid; example; separator; located; placed; cylinder; plate; current; collectors; positioned; adjacent; connected; power; supply; pair; gas; manifolds; containing; hydrogen; oxygen; due; surface; excellent; electrical; conductivity; aerogels; relative; polarization; resistance; composite; conventionally; cells; overcome; aerogel electrodes; gas manifolds; composite electrode; fuel cell; containing hydrogen; current collector; fuel cells; power supply; phosphoric acid; energy conversion; electrical conductivity; carbon aerogel; positioned adjacent; composite electrodes; carbon aerogels; carbon composite; conversion device; current collectors; direct energy; gas manifold; excellent electrical; /429/502/

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                    Mayer, Steven T, Kaschmitter, James L, and Pekala, Richard W. Carbon aerogel electrodes for direct energy conversion.  United States: N. p., 1997. 
        Web.

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                    Mayer, Steven T, Kaschmitter, James L, & Pekala, Richard W. Carbon aerogel electrodes for direct energy conversion.  United States.

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                    Mayer, Steven T, Kaschmitter, James L, and Pekala, Richard W. Wed .  
        "Carbon aerogel electrodes for direct energy conversion".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/870822.

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@article{osti_870822,

  title        = {Carbon aerogel electrodes for direct energy conversion},

  author       = {Mayer, Steven T and Kaschmitter, James L and Pekala, Richard W},

  abstractNote = {A direct energy conversion device, such as a fuel cell, using carbon aerogel electrodes, wherein the carbon aerogel is loaded with a noble catalyst, such as platinum or rhodium and soaked with phosphoric acid, for example. A separator is located between the electrodes, which are placed in a cylinder having plate current collectors positioned adjacent the electrodes and connected to a power supply, and a pair of gas manifolds, containing hydrogen and oxygen positioned adjacent the current collectors. Due to the high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity of carbon aerogels, the problems relative to high polarization resistance of carbon composite electrodes conventionally used in fuel cells are overcome.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1997},

  month        = {1}

}

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