Title: Organic aerogels from the sol-gel polymerization of phenolic-furfural mixtures

Abstract

The sol-gel polymerization of a phenolic-furfural mixture in dilute solution leads to a highly cross-linked network that can be supercritically dried to form a high surface area foam. These porous materials have cell/pore sizes.ltoreq.1000.ANG., and although they are dark brown in color, they can be classified as a new type of aerogel. The phenolic-furfural aerogel can be pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere at 1050.degree. C. to produce carbon aerogels. This new aerogel may be used for thermal insulation, chromatographic packing, water filtration, ion-exchange, and carbon electrodes for energy storage devices, such as batteries and double-layer capacitors.

Inventors:

Pekala, Richard W ^[1]

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+ Show Inventor Affiliations

1. Pleasant Hill, CA

Issue Date:

Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1995

Research Org.:

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

OSTI Identifier:

870212

Patent Number(s):

5476878

Assignee:

Regents of University of California (Oakland, CA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08G - MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J13/0091 - {Preparation of aerogels, e.g. xerogels}

C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08G - MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS

C08G8/06 - of furfural

C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08J - WORKING-UP

C08J2361/06 - of aldehydes with phenols
C08J9/286 - {the liquid phase being a solvent for the monomers but not for the resulting macromolecular composition, i.e. macroporous or macroreticular polymers}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01G - CAPACITORS

H01G11/34 - characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/13 - Ultracapacitors, supercapacitors, double-layer capacitors

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DOE Contract Number:  

W-7405-ENG-48

Resource Type:

Patent

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

organic; aerogels; sol-gel; polymerization; phenolic-furfural; mixtures; mixture; dilute; solution; leads; highly; cross-linked; network; supercritically; dried; form; surface; foam; porous; materials; cell; pore; sizes; ltoreq; 1000; ang; dark; brown; color; classified; type; aerogel; pyrolyzed; inert; atmosphere; 1050; degree; produce; carbon; thermal; insulation; chromatographic; packing; water; filtration; ion-exchange; electrodes; energy; storage; devices; batteries; double-layer; capacitors; organic aerogels; highly cross-linked; carbon electrode; layer capacitors; dilute solution; layer capacitor; thermal insulation; porous material; storage device; energy storage; pore size; inert atmosphere; carbon aerogel; pore sizes; storage devices; sol-gel polymerization; porous materials; carbon aerogels; carbon electrodes; solution leads; water filtration; phenolic-furfural aerogel; phenolic-furfural mixtures; phenolic-furfural mixture; chromatographic packing; supercritically dried; organic aerogel; produce carbon; dark brown; double-layer capacitors; cross-linked network; /521/