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Title: Membrane-electrode assemblies for electrochemical cells

Abstract

A combination, unitary, membrane and electrode assembly with a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and first and second electrodes at least partially embedded in opposed surfaces of the membrane. The electrodes each comprise a respective group of finely divided carbon particles, very finely divided catalytic particles supported on internal and external surfaces of the carbon particles and a proton conductive material intermingled with the catalytic and carbon particles. A first group of finely divided carbon particles forming the first electrode has greater water attraction and retention properties, and is more hydrophilic than a second group of carbon particles forming the second electrode. In a preferred method, the membrane electrode assembly of the invention is prepared by forming a slurry of proton conductive material and at least one group of the carbon and catalyst particles. The slurry is applied to the opposed surfaces of the membrane and heated while being pressed to the membrane for a time and at a temperature and compressive load sufficient to embed at least a portion of the particles into the membrane.

Inventors:
 [1];  [2]
+ Show Inventor Affiliations
  1. Troy, MI
  2. Sterling Heights, MI
Issue Date:
Research Org.:
General Motors LLC, Detroit, MI (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
869084
Patent Number(s):
5272017
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation (Detroit, MI)
Patent Classifications (CPCs):
H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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DOE Contract Number:  
AC02-90CH10435
Resource Type:
Patent
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
membrane-electrode; assemblies; electrochemical; cells; combination; unitary; membrane; electrode; assembly; solid; polymer; electrolyte; electrodes; partially; embedded; opposed; surfaces; comprise; respective; finely; divided; carbon; particles; catalytic; supported; internal; external; proton; conductive; material; intermingled; forming; water; attraction; retention; properties; hydrophilic; preferred; method; prepared; slurry; catalyst; applied; heated; pressed; time; temperature; compressive; load; sufficient; embed; portion; opposed surfaces; membrane electrode; external surface; electrolyte membrane; preferred method; catalyst particles; electrode assembly; electrochemical cells; conductive material; electrochemical cell; polymer electrolyte; solid polymer; finely divided; carbon particles; compressive load; retention properties; load sufficient; particles supported; opposed surface; external surfaces; divided carbon; partially embedded; membrane-electrode assemblies; catalyst particle; electrode assemblies; /429/

Citation Formats

Swathirajan, Sundararajan, and Mikhail, Youssef M. Membrane-electrode assemblies for electrochemical cells. United States: N. p., 1993. Web.
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Swathirajan, Sundararajan, & Mikhail, Youssef M. Membrane-electrode assemblies for electrochemical cells. United States.
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Swathirajan, Sundararajan, and Mikhail, Youssef M. Fri . "Membrane-electrode assemblies for electrochemical cells". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/869084.
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@article{osti_869084,
title = {Membrane-electrode assemblies for electrochemical cells},
author = {Swathirajan, Sundararajan and Mikhail, Youssef M},
abstractNote = {A combination, unitary, membrane and electrode assembly with a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and first and second electrodes at least partially embedded in opposed surfaces of the membrane. The electrodes each comprise a respective group of finely divided carbon particles, very finely divided catalytic particles supported on internal and external surfaces of the carbon particles and a proton conductive material intermingled with the catalytic and carbon particles. A first group of finely divided carbon particles forming the first electrode has greater water attraction and retention properties, and is more hydrophilic than a second group of carbon particles forming the second electrode. In a preferred method, the membrane electrode assembly of the invention is prepared by forming a slurry of proton conductive material and at least one group of the carbon and catalyst particles. The slurry is applied to the opposed surfaces of the membrane and heated while being pressed to the membrane for a time and at a temperature and compressive load sufficient to embed at least a portion of the particles into the membrane.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {1993},
month = {1}
}
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Patent:
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Works referenced in this record:

Localization of platinum in low catalyst loading electrodes to to attain high power densities in SPE fuel cells
journal, September 1988

Recent advances in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell technology with low platinum loading electrodes
journal, February 1990

The renaissance of the solid polymer fuel cell
journal, January 1990

Thin-film catalyst layers for polymer electrolyte fuel cell electrodes
journal, January 1992

Methods to Advance Technology of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
journal, January 1988

Advances in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell technology with low platinum loading electrodes
journal, March 1988

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