Method of making supercritical fluid molecular spray films, powder and fibers
Abstract
Solid films are deposited, or fine powders formed, by dissolving a solid material into a supercritical fluid solution at an elevated pressure and then rapidly expanding the solution through a heated nozzle having a short orifice into a region of relatively low pressure. This produces a molecular spray which is directed against a substrate to deposit a solid thin film thereon, or discharged into a collection chamber to collect a fine powder. In another embodiment, the temperature of the solution and nozzle is elevated above the melting point of the solute, which is preferably a polymer, and the solution is maintained at a pressure such that, during expansion, the solute precipitates out of solution within the nozzle in a liquid state. Alternatively, a secondary solvent mutually soluble with the solute and primary solvent and having a higher critical temperature than that of primary solvent is used in a low concentration (<20%) to maintain the solute in a transient liquid state. The solute is discharged in the form of long, thin fibers. The fibers are collected at sufficient distance from the orifice to allow them to solidify in the low pressure/temperature region.
- Inventors:
-
- Richland, WA
- Issue Date:
- Research Org.:
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 866548
- Patent Number(s):
- 4734227
- Assignee:
- Battelle Memorial Institute (Richland, WA)
- Patent Classifications (CPCs):
-
B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B05 - SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL B05B - SPRAYING APPARATUS
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Patent
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- method; supercritical; fluid; molecular; spray; films; powder; fibers; solid; deposited; fine; powders; formed; dissolving; material; solution; elevated; pressure; rapidly; expanding; heated; nozzle; orifice; region; relatively; produces; directed; substrate; deposit; film; thereon; discharged; collection; chamber; collect; embodiment; temperature; melting; solute; preferably; polymer; maintained; expansion; precipitates; liquid; alternatively; secondary; solvent; mutually; soluble; primary; critical; concentration; 20; maintain; transient; form; collected; sufficient; distance; allow; solidify; molecular spray; rapidly expanding; critical temperature; supercritical fluid; solid material; collection chamber; elevated pressure; fine powder; transient liquid; solid films; powders formed; fluid solution; fine powders; sufficient distance; film thereon; solid film; fluid molecular; spray film; /264/528/
Citation Formats
Smith, Richard D. Method of making supercritical fluid molecular spray films, powder and fibers. United States: N. p., 1988.
Web.
Smith, Richard D. Method of making supercritical fluid molecular spray films, powder and fibers. United States.
Smith, Richard D. Fri .
"Method of making supercritical fluid molecular spray films, powder and fibers". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/866548.
@article{osti_866548,
title = {Method of making supercritical fluid molecular spray films, powder and fibers},
author = {Smith, Richard D},
abstractNote = {Solid films are deposited, or fine powders formed, by dissolving a solid material into a supercritical fluid solution at an elevated pressure and then rapidly expanding the solution through a heated nozzle having a short orifice into a region of relatively low pressure. This produces a molecular spray which is directed against a substrate to deposit a solid thin film thereon, or discharged into a collection chamber to collect a fine powder. In another embodiment, the temperature of the solution and nozzle is elevated above the melting point of the solute, which is preferably a polymer, and the solution is maintained at a pressure such that, during expansion, the solute precipitates out of solution within the nozzle in a liquid state. Alternatively, a secondary solvent mutually soluble with the solute and primary solvent and having a higher critical temperature than that of primary solvent is used in a low concentration (<20%) to maintain the solute in a transient liquid state. The solute is discharged in the form of long, thin fibers. The fibers are collected at sufficient distance from the orifice to allow them to solidify in the low pressure/temperature region.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1988},
month = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1988}
}