Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same
Abstract
A certain group of electrically conductive refractory materials presently known for use in high temperature applications as throat constructions, melter sidewalls, forehearth, stacks, port sills, hot face lining for slagging coal gasifiers, slag runners, and linings for nuclear waste encapsulation furnaces may be used as electrodes permitting joule heating at temperatures in excess of 1,200 C in excess of about 4400 hours even in the presence of transition group element(s). More specifically, the invention is an electrode for melting earthen materials, wherein the electrode is made from an electrically conductive refractory material, specifically at least one metal oxide wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of chrome, ruthenium, rhodium, tin and combinations thereof. 2 figs.
- Inventors:
- Issue Date:
- Research Org.:
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 645950
- Patent Number(s):
- 5749932
- Application Number:
- PAN: 8-625,021
- Assignee:
- Battelle Memorial Inst., Richland, WA (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Patent
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: 12 May 1998
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; ELECTRODES; CHROMIUM OXIDES; RUTHENIUM OXIDES; RHODIUM OXIDES; TIN OXIDES; HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS; REFRACTORIES; JOULE HEATING; SMELTERS
Citation Formats
Lamar, D A, Chapman, C C, and Elliott, M L. Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same. United States: N. p., 1998.
Web.
Lamar, D A, Chapman, C C, & Elliott, M L. Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same. United States.
Lamar, D A, Chapman, C C, and Elliott, M L. Tue .
"Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same". United States.
@article{osti_645950,
title = {Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same},
author = {Lamar, D A and Chapman, C C and Elliott, M L},
abstractNote = {A certain group of electrically conductive refractory materials presently known for use in high temperature applications as throat constructions, melter sidewalls, forehearth, stacks, port sills, hot face lining for slagging coal gasifiers, slag runners, and linings for nuclear waste encapsulation furnaces may be used as electrodes permitting joule heating at temperatures in excess of 1,200 C in excess of about 4400 hours even in the presence of transition group element(s). More specifically, the invention is an electrode for melting earthen materials, wherein the electrode is made from an electrically conductive refractory material, specifically at least one metal oxide wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of chrome, ruthenium, rhodium, tin and combinations thereof. 2 figs.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue May 12 00:00:00 EDT 1998},
month = {Tue May 12 00:00:00 EDT 1998}
}