Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for redox flow batteries
Abstract
Disclosed are redox flow battery membranes, redox flow batteries incorporating the membranes, and methods of forming the membranes. The membranes include a polybenzimidazole gel membrane that is capable of incorporating a high liquid content without loss of structure that is formed according to a process that includes in situ hydrolysis of a polyphosphoric acid solvent. The membranes are imbibed with a redox flow battery supporting electrolyte such as sulfuric acid and can operate at very high ionic conductivities of about 100 mS/cm or greater. Redox flow batteries incorporating the PBI-based membranes can operate at high current densities of about 100 mA/cm2 or greater.
- Inventors:
- Issue Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 2293775
- Patent Number(s):
- 11799112
- Application Number:
- 17/686,631
- Assignee:
- University of South Carolina (Columbia, SC)
- Patent Classifications (CPCs):
-
C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08J - WORKING-UP
H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- DOE Contract Number:
- AR0000767
- Resource Type:
- Patent
- Resource Relation:
- Patent File Date: 03/04/2022
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Benicewicz, Brian C., Murdock, Laura, Wang, Lihui, Huang, Fei, and Pingitore, Andrew. Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for redox flow batteries. United States: N. p., 2023.
Web.
Benicewicz, Brian C., Murdock, Laura, Wang, Lihui, Huang, Fei, & Pingitore, Andrew. Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for redox flow batteries. United States.
Benicewicz, Brian C., Murdock, Laura, Wang, Lihui, Huang, Fei, and Pingitore, Andrew. Tue .
"Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for redox flow batteries". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2293775.
@article{osti_2293775,
title = {Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for redox flow batteries},
author = {Benicewicz, Brian C. and Murdock, Laura and Wang, Lihui and Huang, Fei and Pingitore, Andrew},
abstractNote = {Disclosed are redox flow battery membranes, redox flow batteries incorporating the membranes, and methods of forming the membranes. The membranes include a polybenzimidazole gel membrane that is capable of incorporating a high liquid content without loss of structure that is formed according to a process that includes in situ hydrolysis of a polyphosphoric acid solvent. The membranes are imbibed with a redox flow battery supporting electrolyte such as sulfuric acid and can operate at very high ionic conductivities of about 100 mS/cm or greater. Redox flow batteries incorporating the PBI-based membranes can operate at high current densities of about 100 mA/cm2 or greater.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {2023},
month = {10}
}
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Methods of purifying a hydrogen gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide impurities
patent, October 2017
- Benicewicz, Brian; Qian, Guoqing
- US Patent Document 9,806,365
High-molecular-weight polyazoles used as proton conducting membranes
patent, November 2010
- Calundann, Gordon; Uensal, Oemer; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 7,837,763
Butadiene-derived polymers grafted nanoparticles and their methods of manufacture and use
patent, February 2018
- Benicewicz, Brian; Wang, Lei; Mohammadkhani, Mohammad
- US Patent Document 9,884,935
Polymer Composition, Polymer Membrane Comprising the Polymer Composition, Process for Preparing it and Fuel Cell Comprising the Membrane
patent-application, January 2011
- Martin, Roland; Catinat, Jean-Pierre; Calle, Jean-Raphael
- US Patent Application 12/919,072; 2011/0003234 Al
Thin Wall Expandable Polymer Tubes Having Improved Axial and Radial Strength, and a Method of Manufacturing Thereof
patent-application, August 2012
- Hansen, Douglas R.; Phillips, James V.
- US Patent Application 13/186541; 20120201988
Progress and prospects of next-generation redox flow batteries
journal, November 2018
- Zhang, Changkun; Zhang, Leyuan; Ding, Yu
- Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 15
Low odor chain transfer agents for controlled radical polymerization
patent, February 2008
- Benicewicz, Brian; Li, Chunzhao
- US Patent Document 7,332,552
One-Step Cationic Grafting of 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO and its Application in a Hybrid Redox Flow Battery with a Crosslinked PBI Membrane
journal, August 2017
- Chang, Zhenjun; Henkensmeier, Dirk; Chen, Ruiyong
- ChemSusChem, Vol. 10, Issue 16
Proton-conducting membrane and use thereof
patent, December 2012
- Calundann, Gordon; Uensal, Oemer; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 8,323,810
Partially sulfonated polybenzimidazole based polymer, method for preparing the same, MEA for fuel cell using the polybenzimidazole based polymer and method for preparing the same
patent-application, October 2008
- Kim, Hyoung-Juhn; Lee, Jeung Woo; Lim, Tae-Hoon
- US Patent Application 12/004274; 20080241627
Grafted polymer nanocomposite materials, systems, and methods
patent, October 2018
- Kumar, Sanat K.; Durning, Christopher James; Buenning, Eileen
- US Patent Document 10,112,143
Proton-Conducting Polymer Membrane Comprising Polymers Containing Phosphonic Acid Groups and Its Use in Fuel Cells
patent-application, November 2005
- Kiefer, Joachim; Uensal, Oemer; Calundann, Gordon
- US Patent Application 10/522,839; 2005/0244694 A1
Implementing PGM-free electrocatalysts in high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
journal, August 2018
- Gokhale, Rohan; Asset, Tristan; Qian, Guoqing
- Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 93
Multinuclear NMR Study of the Effect of Acid Concentration on Ion Transport in Phosphoric Acid Doped Poly(benzimidazole) Membranes
journal, October 2012
- Suarez, Sophia; Kodiweera, N. K. A. C.; Stallworth, P.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 116, Issue 41
Gel electrolyte, electrode for fuel cell, fuel cell, and method of producing the gel electrolyte
patent-application, August 2005
- Aihara, Yuichi
- US Patent Application 11/038033; 20050186480
Redox Flow Secondary Battery and Electrolyte Membrane for Redox Flow Secondary Battery
patent-application, December 2014
- Miyake, Naoto a=; Moriuchi, Kiyoaki; Kubata, Michiru
- US Patent Application 14/367,059; 2014/0377687 Al
Synthesis and Characterization of a New Fluorine-Containing Polybenzimidazole (PBI) for Proton-Conducting Membranes in Fuel Cells
journal, August 2013
- Li, X.; Qian, G.; Chen, X.
- Fuel Cells
Synthesis and properties of phenylindane-containing polybenzimidazole (PBI) for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)
journal, December 2013
- Li, Xin; Chen, Xiaoming; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 243
High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells
journal, May 2009
- Li, Qingfeng; Jensen, Jens Oluf; Savinell, Robert F.
- Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 34, Issue 5
Exploring and Exploiting the Effect of Solvent Treatment in Membrane Separations
journal, March 2017
- Razali, Mayamin; Didaskalou, Christos; Kim, Jeong F.
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 12
A new sequence isomer of AB-polybenzimidazole for high-temperature PEM fuel cells
journal, October 2011
- Gulledge, Alexander L.; Gu, Bin; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 50, Issue 2
Proton conducting polymer membrane comprising phosphonic acid groups containing polyazoles and the use thereof in fuel cells
patent, June 2010
- Uensal, Oemer; Kiefer, Joachim; Calundann, Gordon
- US Patent Document 7,736,778
Redox flow battery
patent, October 2018
- Cho, Bumhee; Kim, Bugi; Kim, Kihyun
- US Patent Document 10,090,550
Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries Using meta -Polybenzimidazole-Based Membranes of Different Thicknesses
journal, October 2017
- Noh, Chanho; Jung, Mina; Henkensmeier, Dirk
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 42
Proton-Conducting Membrane, Method for Their Production and Their Use in Electrochemical Cells
patent-application, July 2013
- Benicewicz, Brian; Brauninger, Sigmar; Calundann, Gordon
- US Patent Application 13/742808; 20130183603
Proton-conducting polymer membrane containing polyazole blends, and application thereof in fuel cells
patent, June 2010
- Uensal, Oemer; Kiefer, Joachim; Calundann, Gordon
- US Patent Document 7,736,779
Nanoparticles with multiple attached polymer assemblies and use thereof in polymer composites
patent, October 2016
- Benicewicz, Brian; Rungta, Atri; Viswanath, Anand
- US Patent Document 9,475,922
Advanced porous membranes with ultra-high selectivity and stability for vanadium flow batteries
journal, January 2016
- Yuan, Zhizhang; Duan, Yinqi; Zhang, Hongzhang
- Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Melt processable polyester capable of forming an anisotropic melt comprising a relatively low concentration of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety, 4-oxybenzoyl moiety, 4,4'-dioxybiphenyl moiety, and terephthaloyl moiety
patent, September 1984
- Calundann, Gordon; Charbonneau, Larry F.; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 4,473,682
Thermoset molecular composites
patent, November 1996
- Benicewicz, Brian; Douglas, Elliot P.; Hjelm, Jr., Rex P.
- US Patent Document 5,575,949
Proton-conducting polymer membrane comprising sulfonic acid-containing polyazoles, and use thereof in fuel cells
patent, June 2010
- Uensal, Oemer; Kiefer, Joachim; Calundann, Gordon
- US Patent Document 7,745,030
Polymer Electrolyte Composition, and Polymer Electrolyte Membrane, Membrane Electrode Complex and Solid Polymer-Type Fuel Cell Each Produced Using Same
patent-application, October 2015
- Kunita, Tomoyuki; Izuhara, Daisuke; Shimoyama, Naoki
- US Patent Application 14/647781; 20150295262
High Polymer Content 3,5-Pyridine-Polybenzimidazole Copolymer Membranes with Improved Compressive Properties
journal, January 2014
- Molleo, M. A.; Chen, X.; Ploehn, H. J.
- Fuel Cells, Vol. 14, Issue 1
Membranes for Redox Flow Battery Applications
journal, June 2012
- Prifti, Helen; Parasuraman, Aishwarya; Winardi, Suminto
- Membranes, Vol. 2, Issue 2
Vanadium Electrolyte Studies for the Vanadium Redox Battery-A Review
journal, June 2016
- Skyllas-Kazacos, Maria; Cao, Liuyue; Kazacos, Michael
- ChemSusChem, Vol. 9, Issue 13
Thin Flexible Electrochemical Energy Cell
patent-application, April 2013
- Proctor, Robert Benjamin; Peckerar, Martin C.; Dilli, Zeynep
- US Patent Application 13/642236; 20130089769
Polybenzimidazole-based block copolymers: From monomers to membrane electrode assemblies for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
journal, March 2017
- Schönberger, Frank; Qian, Guoqing; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 55, Issue 11
Self-healing electrical insulation
patent, August 2014
- Nelson, John; Benicewicz, Brian; Rungta, Atri
- US Patent Document 8,796,372
Initiator for surface-based polymerization and use thereof
patent, July 2018
- Viswanath, Anand; Benicewicz, Brian; Bell, Michael H.
- US Patent Document 10,011,674
NMR Studies of Mass Transport in High-Acid-Content Fuel Cell Membranes Based on Phosphoric Acid and Polybenzimidazole
journal, January 2007
- Jayakody, J. R. P.; Chung, S. H.; Durantino, L.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, Issue 2
Synthesis and characterization of high molecular weight hexafluoroisopropylidene-containing polybenzimidazole for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Synthesis and Characterization of 6F-PBI
journal, July 2009
- Qian, Guoqing; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 47, Issue 16
High-molecular-weight polyazoles
patent, April 2010
- Calundann, Gordon; Uensal, Oemer; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 7,696,302
Phosphonate and phosphonic acid raft agents and monomers, along with methods of their manufacture and use
patent, June 2017
- Benicewicz, Brian; Viswanath, Anand; Green, Alexandra Nicole
- US Patent Document 9,683,055
A comprehensive review on PEM water electrolysis
journal, April 2013
- Carmo, Marcelo; Fritz, David L.; Mergel, Jürgen
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 38, Issue 12, p. 4901-4934
Synthesis and Properties of Functionalized Polybenzimidazoles for High-Temperature PEMFCs
journal, October 2009
- Yu, Seonghan; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 42, Issue 22
Electrolyzer performance for producing hydrogen via a solar-driven hybrid-sulfur process
journal, April 2016
- Weidner, John W.
- Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, Vol. 46, Issue 8
The use of polybenzimidazole membranes in vanadium redox flow batteries leading to increased coulombic efficiency and cycling performance
journal, January 2015
- Zhou, X. L.; Zhao, T. S.; An, L.
- Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 153
Proton-Conducting Polymer Меmbrane Coated with a Cаtalyst Layer, Said Polymer Membrane Comprising Phosphonic Acid Polymers, Membrane/Electrode Unit and use Thereof in Fuel Cells
patent-application, February 2008
- Belack, Jorg; Kundler, Isabel; Schmidt, Thomas
- US Patent Application 11/796551; 20080038624
Performance of vapor-fed direct dimethyl ether fuel cell utilizing high temperature polybenzimidazole polymer electrolyte membrane
journal, October 2012
- Neutzler, Jay; Qian, Guoqing; Huang, Kevin
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 216
Crosslinked polybenzimidazole membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN): Analysis of crosslinking reaction mechanism and effects of reaction parameters
journal, November 2015
- Valtcheva, Irina B.; Marchetti, Patrizia; Livingston, Andrew G.
- Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 493
Material for an Electrochemical Device
patent-application, April 2011
- Mofakhami, Arash; Fauvarque, Jean-Francois
- US Patent Application 12/920588; 20110091789
Dithiocarboxylic ester synthetic process
patent, October 2002
- Benicewicz, Brian; Kanagasabapathy, Subbareddy; Sudalai, Arumugam
- US Patent Document 6,458,968
Stabilization of polyaniline solutions through additives
patent, December 1996
- Wrobleski, Debra A.; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 5,583,169
High magnetic field processing of liquid crystalline polymers
patent, November 1998
- Smith, Mark Ethard; Benicewicz, Brian; Douglas, Elliot P.
- US Patent Document 5,840,376
Method for producing PBI films without organic solvents
patent, November 2021
- Murdock, Laura A.; Huang, Fei; Wang, Lihui
- US Patent Document 11,180,621
New Method for Producing PBI Films Without Organic Solvents
patent-application, March 2020
- Murdock, Laura A.; Huang, Fei; Wang, Lihui
- US Patent Application 16/569,983; 2020/0087473 Al
Corrosion resistant coating
patent, August 1997
- Wrobleski, Debra A.; Benicewicz, Brian; Thompson, Karen G.
- US Patent Document 5,658,649
Processing and Pretreatment Effects on Vanadium Transport in Nafion Membranes
journal, October 2015
- Xie, Wei; Darling, Robert M.; Perry, Mike L.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 1
Modified polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for enhanced polymer electrochemical cells
patent-application, February 2004
- Cabasso, Israel; Yuan, Youxin; Johnson, Frederick E.
- US Patent Application 10/213694; 20040028976
Investigation of sequence isomer effects in AB-polybenzimidazole polymers
journal, November 2013
- Gulledge, Alexander L.; Chen, Xiaoming; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 52, Issue 5
Thin skinned asymmetric polybenzimidazole membranes with readily tunable morphologies for high-performance vanadium flow batteries
journal, January 2017
- Peng, Sangshan; Yan, Xiaoming; Wu, Xuemei
- RSC Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 4
Sulfonated PBI Gel Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries
journal, January 2019
- Wang, Lihui; Pingitore, Andrew T.; Xie, Wei
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 8
Polymer Compositions, Polymer Films and Methods and Precursors for Forming Same
patent-application, September 2012
- Klaehn, John R.; Peterson, Eric S.; Orme, Christopher J.
- US Patent Application 13/045195; 20120231253
Fabrication of crosslinked polybenzimidazole membranes by trifunctional crosslinkers for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells
journal, February 2018
- Yang, Jingshuai; Jiang, Haoxing; Gao, Liping
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 43, Issue 6
Fuel Cell Electrolyte Membrane with Basic Polymer
patent-application, January 2011
- Larson, James M.; Pham, Phat T.; Frey, Matthew H.
- US Patent Application 12/882310; 20110000615
Electrochemical Hydrogen Pumping
book, January 2016
- Fishel, Kayley; Qian, Guoqing; Eisman, Glenn
- High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
Fabrication of magnetic nanoparticles
patent, November 2016
- Wang, Lei; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 9,504,256
Characterizing Voltage Losses in an SO 2 Depolarized Electrolyzer Using Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole Membranes
journal, January 2017
- Garrick, Taylor R.; Wilkins, Cody H.; Pingitore, Andrew T.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 14
Polybenzimidazole Fuel Cell Technology
book, December 2012
- Molleo, Max; Schmidt, Thomas J.; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Fuel Cells
Carboxylic polybenzimidazole
patent, February 2014
- Hua, Mu-Yi; Chen, Hsiao-Chien; Tsai, Rung-Ywan
- US Patent Document 8,653,204
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane, and Membrane-Electrode Assembly and Fuel Cell Containing Same
patent-application, April 2017
- Kim, Na Young; Lee, Moo Seok; Lee, Dong Hoon
- US Patent Application 15/127825; 20170098845
Butadiene-derived polymers grafted nanoparticles and their methods of manufacture and use
patent, February 2016
- Benicewicz, Brian; Wang, Lei; Mohammadkhani, Mohammad
- US Patent Document 9,249,250
Raft agents and their use in the development of polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted nanoparticles
patent, August 2017
- Wang, Lei; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 9,732,169
Organic phosphor-functionalized nanoparticles and compositions comprising the same
patent, September 2017
- Li, Ying; Tao, Peng; Schadler, Linda S.
- US Patent Document 9,773,953
Proton-conducting polymer membrane comprising polyazole blends and its use in fuel cells
patent, March 2012
- Uensal, Oemer; Kiefer, Joachim; Calundann, Gordon
- US Patent Document 8,142,917
Proton-conducting polymer membrane that contains polyazoles and is coated with a catalyst layer, and application therof in fuel cells
patent, February 2010
- Baurmeister, Jochen; Kundler, Isabel; Padberg, Christoph
- US Patent Document 7,661,542
PBI Membranes Via the PPA Process
book, January 2016
- Fishel, Kayley; Qian, Guoqing; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
Melt processable polyester capable of forming an anisotropic melt comprising a relatively low concentration of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety-4-benzoyl moiety, 1,4-dioxyphenylene moiety, isophthaloyl moiety and terephthaloyl moiety
patent, June 1985
- Calundann, Gordon; Charbonneau, Larry F.; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 4,522,974
Silicone based nanocomposites including inorganic nanoparticles and their methods of manufacture and use
patent, November 2015
- Benicewicz, Brian; Tao, Peng; Li, Ying
- US Patent Document 9,187,643
Liquid crystal polyester thermosets
patent, May 1992
- Benicewicz, Brian; Hoyt, Andrea E.
- US Patent Document 5,114,612
Phosphoric acid-imbibed three-dimensional polyacrylamide/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel as a new class of high-temperature proton exchange membrane
journal, May 2013
- Tang, Qunwei; Huang, Kevin; Qian, Guoqing
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 229
High Polymer Content 2,5-Pyridine-Polybenzimidazole Copolymer Membranes with Improved Compressive Properties
journal, November 2014
- Molleo, M. A.; Chen, X.; Ploehn, H. J.
- Fuel Cells, Vol. 15, Issue 1
Polyamide thermosets
patent, March 1993
- Benicewicz, Brian; Hoyt, Andrea E.
- US Patent Document 5,198,551
Nanoparticles with multiple attached polymer assemblies and use thereof in polymer composites
patent, October 2014
- Benicewicz, Brian; Rungta, Atri; Viswanath, Anand
- US Patent Document 8,865,796
High temperature creep behavior of phosphoric acid-polybenzimidazole gel membranes
journal, August 2015
- Chen, Xiaoming; Qian, Guoqing; Molleo, Max A.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 53, Issue 21
Modified polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for enhanced polymer electrochemical cells
patent, January 2006
- Cabasso, Israel; Yuan, Youxin; Johnson, Frederick E.
- US Patent Document 6,987,163
Synthesis and Properties of Segmented Block Copolymers of Functionalised Polybenzimidazoles for High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cells
journal, March 2011
- Mader, J. A.; Benicewicz, B. C.
- Fuel Cells, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Synthesis and Properties of Random Copolymers of Functionalised Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature Fuel Cells
journal, March 2011
- Mader, J. A.; Benicewicz, B. C.
- Fuel Cells, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Nanoparticles with multiple attached polymer assemblies and use thereof in polymer composites
patent, August 2015
- Benicewicz, Brian; Rungta, Atri; Viswanath, Anand
- US Patent Document 9,109,070
Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine-Based Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Applications
journal, April 2005
- Xiao, L.; Zhang, H.; Jana, T.
- Fuel Cells, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Electrolyte Membrane Using Polybenzoxazine Based Compound
patent-application, August 2011
- Lee, Myung-jin; Choi, Seong-woo; Sun, Hee-young
- US Patent Application 12/929009; 20110196051
Melt processable polyester capable of forming an anisotropic melt comprising a relatively low concentration of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety, 4-oxybenzoyl moiety, 2,6-dioxynaphthalene moiety, and terephthaloyl moiety
patent, May 1988
- Charbonneau, Larry F.; Calundann, Gordon; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 4,746,694
Proton-conducting Membrane, Method for Their Production and Their Use in Electrochemical Cells
patent-application, May 2018
- Benicewicz, Brian; Brauninger, Signar; Calundann, Gordon
- US Patent Application 15/852,652; 2018/0123155 Al
Determination of the Molecular Parameters and Studies of the Chain Conformation of Polybenzimidazole in DMAc/LiCl
journal, December 2006
- Shogbon, Christopher B.; Brousseau, Jean-Luc; Zhang, Haifeng
- Macromolecules, Vol. 39, Issue 26
Polybenzimidazole based random copolymers containing hexafluoroisopropylidene functional groups for gas separations at elevated temperatures
journal, June 2017
- Singh, Rajinder P.; Li, Xin; Dudeck, Kevin W.
- Polymer, Vol. 119
Liquid crystal polymers
patent, January 2008
- Benicewicz, Brian; Shao, Jiping
- US Patent Document 7,317,066
Hydrogen Production in the Process of Electrochemical Treatment of Sulfur-Containing Acid Gases (Hydrogen Sulfide Or Sulfur Dioxide) Supplied in Solution with Amine-Based or Other Organic Absorbents
patent-application, December 2019
- Tarabukin, Gleb Nikolaevich
- 16/463209; 20190376189
Synthesis of Poly (2,2′-(1,4-phenylene) 5,5′-bibenzimidazole) ( para -PBI) and Phosphoric Acid Doped Membrane for Fuel Cells
journal, August 2009
- Yu, S.; Zhang, H.; Xiao, L.
- Fuel Cells, Vol. 9, Issue 4
A Process for the Preparation of PBI Based Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) with Improved Fuel Cell Performance and Stability
patent-application, October 2016
- Kurungot, Sreekumar; Illathvalappil, Rajith; Bhange, Siddheshwar Navanath
- US Patent Application 15/102625; 20160315343
Polybenzimidazole Membranes for Hydrogen Production in the Hybrid Sulfur Electrolyzer
journal, April 2015
- Garrick, T. R.; Gulledge, A.; Staser, J. A.
- ECS Transactions, Vol. 66, Issue 3
Bis-propargyl thermosets
patent, December 1995
- Douglas, Elliot P.; Langlois, David; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 5,475,133
Gel electrolyte and fuel cell employing the same
patent-application, June 2005
- Aihara, Yuichi
- US Patent Application 11/006651; 20050142411
Polybenzimidazole/Acid Complexes as High-Temperature Membranes
book,
- Mader, Jordan; Xiao, Lixiang; Schmidt, Thomas J.
- Fuel Cells II
Solution polymerization of polybenzimidazole
journal, January 2016
- Fishel, Kayley J.; Gulledge, Alexander L.; Pingitore, Andrew T.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 54, Issue 12
Highly proton conductive, dense polybenzimidazole membranes with low permeability to vanadium and enhanced H 2 SO 4 absorption capability for use in vanadium redox flow batteries
journal, January 2016
- Jang, Jung-Kyu; Kim, Tae-Ho; Yoon, Sang Jun
- J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 4, Issue 37
Liquid crystal polymers
patent, December 2006
- Benicewicz, Brian; Shao, Jiping
- US Patent Document 7,148,311
Method of making polybenzimidazole
patent, March 2017
- Benicewicz, Brian; Gulledge, Alexander Lanier; Steckle, Jr., Warren P.
- US Patent Document 9,598,541
Transition metal superoxides
patent, July 2004
- Benicewicz, Brian; Kanagasabapathy, Subbareddy; Sudalai, Arumugam
- US Patent Document 6,765,076
Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells
journal, August 2010
- Mader, Jordan A.; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 43, Issue 16
Advanced Redox-Flow Batteries: A Perspective
journal, September 2015
- Perry, Mike L.; Weber, Adam Z.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 1
Polyamide thermosets
patent, May 1994
- Benicewicz, Brian; Hoyt, Andrea E.
- US Patent Document 5,315,011
A H 3 PO 4 preswelling strategy to enhance the proton conductivity of a H 2 SO 4 -doped polybenzimidazole membrane for vanadium flow batteries
journal, January 2016
- Peng, Sangshan; Yan, Xiaoming; Zhang, Daishuang
- RSC Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 28
Porous poly(benzimidazole) membrane for all vanadium redox flow battery
journal, April 2016
- Luo, Tao; David, Oana; Gendel, Youri
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 312
Proton-conducting membrane and use thereof
patent, October 2010
- Calundann, Gordon; Uensal, Oemer; Benicewicz, Brian
- US Patent Document 7,820,314
Synthesis of oxazolines and oxazines
patent, January 1995
- Benicewicz, Brian; Mitchell, Michael A.
- US Patent Document 5,382,665
Method of making redox materials for solid oxide redox flow battery
patent, September 2015
- Huang, Kevin; Li, Xue Kang
- US Patent Document 9,130,219
Die structure and die connecting method
patent, August 2013
- Hsu, Chia-Hung; Lin, Ching-San; Chen, Chin-Yung
- US Patent Document 8,518,743
A comparative study of phosphoric acid-doped m -PBI membranes
journal, October 2013
- A. Perry, Kelly; L. More, Karren; Andrew Payzant, E.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 1
Polybenzimidazole-Based Complex, Crosslinked Material of Polybenzoxazines Formed Thereof, and Fuel Cell Using the Same
patent-application, April 2009
- Choi, Seongwoo; Jeon, Woosung; Jung, Insun
- US Patent Application 12/247338; 20090098437
Review of material research and development for vanadium redox flow battery applications
journal, July 2013
- Parasuraman, Aishwarya; Lim, Tuti Mariana; Menictas, Chris
- Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 101
N-substituted polybenzimidazole polymer
patent, February 1990
- Sansone, Michael J.
- US Patent Document 4,898,917
Proton-conducting membrane and its use
patent, October 2012
- Calundann, Gordon; Benicewicz, Brian; Baurmeister, Jochen
- US Patent Document 8,277,983
Development of polybenzimidazole/graphene oxide composite membranes for high temperature PEM fuel cells
journal, January 2017
- Üregen, Nurhan; Pehlivanoğlu, Kübra; Özdemir, Yağmur
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 42, Issue 4
Proton-conducting membrane and its use
patent, May 2014
- Calundann, Gordon; Benicewicz, Brian; Baurmeister, Jochen
- US Patent Document 8,716,356
Porous Polybenzimidazole Resin and Method of Making Same
patent-application, August 2011
- Hopkins, Jr., John B.; Hudson, Karin M.; Copeland, Gregory S.
- US Patent Application 13/014976; 20110189484
Low Permeability Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Gel Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries
patent-application, March 2020
- Benicewicz, Brian C.; Murdock, Laura; Wang, Lihui
- US Patent Application 16/570,253; 2020/0091539 Al
All-vanadium redox battery
patent, November 1988
- Skyllas-Kazacos, Maria; Rychick, Miron; Robins, Robert R.
- US Patent Document 4,786,567
Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries
patent-application, March 2020
- Benicewicz, Brian C.; Murdock, Laura; Wang, Lihui
- US Patent Application 16/570290; 20200091536
Polyphenylquinoxaline-based proton exchange membranes synthesized via the PPA Process for high temperature fuel cell systems
journal, July 2012
- Seel, Darren C.; Benicewicz, Brian C.
- Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 405-406
Methods for Making Sulfonated Non-Aromatic Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
patent-application, September 2007
- Bonorand, Lukas M.
- US Patent Application 11/377901; 20070218334
Phosphonate and phosphonic acid RAFT agents and monomers, along with methods of their manufacture and use
patent, June 2016
- Benicewicz, Brian; Viswanath, Anand; Green, Alexandra Nicole
- US Patent Document 9,359,453
Aromatic polymer Ion Exchange Membranes, Its Composite Membrane, and Its Application in Acidic Electrolyte Flow Battery
patent-application, August 2012
- Zhang, Huamin; Li, Xianfeng; Dai, Hua
- US Patent Application 13/395991; 20120196188
Gel electrolyte, electrode for fuel cell, and fuel cell
patent-application, August 2005
- Aihara, Yuichi
- US Patent Application 11/037231; 20050170252
Method for In-Situ Preparation of Polybenzimidazole-Based Electrolyte Membrane and Polybenzimidazole-Based Electrolyte Membrane Prepared Thereby
patent-application, May 2012
- Kim, Hyoung-Juhn; Kim, Byoung Gak; Lee, Hye Jin
- US Patent Application 13/240318; 20120115050