DOE Patents title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Multi-sensor fusion for robust autonomous flight in indoor and outdoor environments with a rotorcraft micro-aerial vehicle (MAV)

Abstract

The subject matter described herein includes a modular and extensible approach to integrate noisy measurements from multiple heterogeneous sensors that yield either absolute or relative observations at different and varying time intervals, and to provide smooth and globally consistent estimates of position in real time for autonomous flight. We describe the development of the algorithms and software architecture for a new 1.9 kg MAV platform equipped with an IMU, laser scanner, stereo cameras, pressure altimeter, magnetometer, and a GPS receiver, in which the state estimation and control are performed onboard on an Intel NUC 3rd generation i3 processor. We illustrate the robustness of our framework in large-scale, indoor-outdoor autonomous aerial navigation experiments involving traversals of over 440 meters at average speeds of 1.5 m/s with winds around 10 mph while entering and exiting buildings.

Inventors:
Issue Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); US Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
OSTI Identifier:
1735111
Patent Number(s):
10732647
Application Number:
15/684,700
Assignee:
The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, PA)
DOE Contract Number:  
1138110; 113830; 1138847; FA9550-10-1-0567; N00014-07-1-0829; N00014-08-1-0696; N00014-09-1-1031; N00014-09-1-1051; W911NF-08-2-0004; W911NF-10-2-0016
Resource Type:
Patent
Resource Relation:
Patent File Date: 08/23/2017
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Shen, Shaojie. Multi-sensor fusion for robust autonomous flight in indoor and outdoor environments with a rotorcraft micro-aerial vehicle (MAV). United States: N. p., 2020. Web.
Shen, Shaojie. Multi-sensor fusion for robust autonomous flight in indoor and outdoor environments with a rotorcraft micro-aerial vehicle (MAV). United States.
Shen, Shaojie. Tue . "Multi-sensor fusion for robust autonomous flight in indoor and outdoor environments with a rotorcraft micro-aerial vehicle (MAV)". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1735111.
@article{osti_1735111,
title = {Multi-sensor fusion for robust autonomous flight in indoor and outdoor environments with a rotorcraft micro-aerial vehicle (MAV)},
author = {Shen, Shaojie},
abstractNote = {The subject matter described herein includes a modular and extensible approach to integrate noisy measurements from multiple heterogeneous sensors that yield either absolute or relative observations at different and varying time intervals, and to provide smooth and globally consistent estimates of position in real time for autonomous flight. We describe the development of the algorithms and software architecture for a new 1.9 kg MAV platform equipped with an IMU, laser scanner, stereo cameras, pressure altimeter, magnetometer, and a GPS receiver, in which the state estimation and control are performed onboard on an Intel NUC 3rd generation i3 processor. We illustrate the robustness of our framework in large-scale, indoor-outdoor autonomous aerial navigation experiments involving traversals of over 440 meters at average speeds of 1.5 m/s with winds around 10 mph while entering and exiting buildings.},
doi = {},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {2020},
month = {8}
}

Works referenced in this record:

Coded aperture aided navigation and geolocation systems
patent, November 2013


Simultaneous local and global state estimation for robotic navigation
conference, May 2009


Vision-Based State Estimation and Trajectory Control Towards High-Speed Flight with a Quadrotor
conference, June 2013


Control of Ensembles of Aerial Robots
journal, September 2011


Impedance control of an aerial manipulator
conference, June 2012


Receding horizon path planning with implicit safety guarantees
conference, January 2004


Visual-inertial structure from motion: Observability and resolvability
conference, November 2013


Flocking in Fixed and Switching Networks
journal, May 2007


Linear pose estimation from points or lines
journal, May 2003


SCAAT: incremental tracking with incomplete information
conference, January 1997


Systems, devices, and methods for on-board sensing and control of micro aerial vehicles
patent, July 2018


Scale Drift-Aware Large Scale Monocular SLAM
conference, June 2010


Path planning for permutation-invariant multirobot formations
journal, August 2006


Planning optimal paths for multiple robots on graphs
conference, May 2013


Toward a Fully Autonomous UAV: Research Platform for Indoor and Outdoor Urban Search and Rescue
journal, September 2012


Conflict resolution for air traffic management: a study in multiagent hybrid systems
journal, April 1998


Autonomous control of unmanned aerial vehicles
patent, July 2014


Accurate Non-Iterative O(n) Solution to the PnP Problem
conference, October 2007


Monocular-SLAM-based navigation for autonomous micro helicopters in GPS-denied environments
journal, October 2011


Minimum snap trajectory generation and control for quadrotors
conference, May 2011


A Formal Basis for the Heuristic Determination of Minimum Cost Paths
journal, January 1968


Autonomous Flight in Unknown Indoor Environments
journal, December 2009


Cooperative manipulation and transportation with aerial robots
journal, September 2010


Method and system for assessing damage to infrastructure
patent, September 2015


Method and apparatus for improved navigation of a moving platform
patent, November 2016


Inverse Depth Parametrization for Monocular SLAM
journal, October 2008


Energy-efficient Autonomous Four-rotor Flying Robot Controlled at 1 kHz
conference, April 2007


Sub-sampling: Real-time vision for micro air vehicles
journal, February 2012


Real-time hierarchical GPS aided visual SLAM on urban environments
conference, May 2009


The Distributed Flight Array
conference, May 2010


The Open Motion Planning Library
journal, December 2012


Autonomous MAV flight in indoor environments using single image perspective cues
conference, May 2011


A Fully Autonomous Indoor Quadrotor
journal, February 2012


Interrogator And System Employing The Same
patent-application, October 2012


Cooperative Control of Swarms of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
conference, June 2011


Method and apparatus for dynamic swarming of airborne drones for a reconfigurable array
patent, August 2015


Incremental Sampling-based Algorithms for Optimal Motion Planning
conference, June 2010


Parallel Tracking and Mapping on a camera phone
conference, October 2009


A coordination architecture for spacecraft formation control
journal, January 2001


A simple learning strategy for high-speed quadrocopter multi-flips
conference, May 2010


Decentralized Multirobot Control in Partially Known Environments with Dynamic Task Reassignment*
journal, September 2012


Systems and methods for determining inertial navigation system faults
patent, February 2017


Multi-vehicle path planning for non-line of sight communication
conference, January 2006


Toward image based visual servoing for aerial grasping and perching
conference, May 2014


C apt : Concurrent assignment and planning of trajectories for multiple robots
journal, January 2014


Pedestrian Tracking with Shoe-Mounted Inertial Sensors
journal, November 2005


Stereo vision based indoor/outdoor navigation for flying robots
conference, November 2013


Cooperative multi-robot localization under communication constraints
conference, May 2009


Observability-constrained vision-aided inertial navigation
patent, January 2016


Centralized path planning for multiple robots: Optimal decoupling into sequential plans
conference, June 2009


A robust and modular multi-sensor fusion approach applied to MAV navigation
conference, November 2013


Toward Efficient Trajectory Planning: The Path-Velocity Decomposition
journal, September 1986


Subdimensional expansion for multirobot path planning
journal, February 2015


Tightly-coupled monocular visual-inertial fusion for autonomous flight of rotorcraft MAVs
conference, May 2015


Visual-Inertial Sensor Fusion: Localization, Mapping and Sensor-to-Sensor Self-calibration
journal, November 2010


Systems, devices, and methods for robotic remote sensing for precision agriculture
patent, August 2019


Vision-based autonomous mapping and exploration using a quadrotor MAV
conference, October 2012


Multisensor fusion for autonomous UAV navigation based on the Unscented Kalman Filter with Sequential Measurement Updates
conference, September 2010

  • Oh, Seung-Min
  • 2010 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI 2010), 2010 IEEE Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration
  • https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.2010.5604461

Method and apparatus for improved navigation of a moving platform
patent, June 2014


Autonomous Control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
patent-application, October 2014


Enhanced Partial Expansion A*
journal, May 2014


Formation constrained multi-agent control
journal, January 2001


Parallel Tracking and Mapping for Small AR Workspaces
conference, November 2007

  • Klein, Georg; Murray, David
  • 2007 6th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
  • https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR.2007.4538852

Collaborative monocular SLAM with multiple Micro Aerial Vehicles
conference, November 2013


CoSLAM: Collaborative Visual SLAM in Dynamic Environments
journal, February 2013


Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
journal, November 2004


State estimation for highly dynamic flying systems using key frame odometry with varying time delays
conference, October 2012


Vision-based state estimation for autonomous rotorcraft MAVs in complex environments
conference, May 2013


Trajectory design and control for aggressive formation flight with quadrotors
journal, February 2012


Robust and unobtrusive marker tracking on mobile phones
conference, September 2008


Vehicle control system including related methods and components
patent, December 2011


Nonlinear Robust Tracking Control of a Quadrotor UAV on SE(3): Nonlinear Robust Tracking Control of a Quadrotor UAV
journal, July 2012


LQR-trees: Feedback motion planning on sparse randomized trees
conference, June 2009


Modeling and control of formations of nonholonomic mobile robots
journal, January 2001


River mapping from a flying robot: state estimation, river detection, and obstacle mapping
journal, April 2012


The GRASP Multiple Micro-UAV Testbed
journal, September 2010


Comment on "A new method for the nonlinear transformation of means and covariances in filters and estimators" [with authors' reply]
journal, August 2002


Three-dimensional manipulation of teams of quadrotors
patent, March 2017


Geometric tracking control of a quadrotor UAV on SE(3)
conference, December 2010

  • Lee, Taeyoung; Leok, Melvin; McClamroch, N. Harris
  • 2010 49th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC 2010), 49th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)
  • https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2010.5717652

Camera-IMU-based localization: Observability analysis and consistency improvement
journal, November 2013


Control of Formations of UAVs for Surveillance and Reconnaissance Missions
journal, January 2008


Multi-robot mapping using manifold representations
conference, January 2004


Planning for landing site selection in the aerial supply delivery
conference, September 2011


Mixed integer programming for multi-vehicle path planning
conference, September 2001


Coordinating Multiple Robots with Kinodynamic Constraints Along Specified Paths
journal, April 2005


Autonomous indoor 3D exploration with a micro-aerial vehicle
conference, May 2012


Real-time onboard visual-inertial state estimation and self-calibration of MAVs in unknown environments
conference, May 2012


Real-time refinement method of spacecraft star tracker alignment estimates
patent, September 2011


New extension of the Kalman filter to nonlinear systems
conference, July 1997


Autonomous multi-floor indoor navigation with a computationally constrained MAV
conference, May 2011


Implementing a Stand-up Sequence Using a Lower-Extremity Prosthesis or Orthosis
patent-application, April 2011


RANGE-Robust autonomous navigation in GPS-denied environments: Robust Autonomous Navigation in GPS-Denied Environments
journal, August 2011