Title: Lithium ion battery with thermal runaway protection

Abstract

Lithium ion batteries are provided that include materials that provide advantageous endothermic functionalities contributing to the safety and stability of the batteries. The endothermic materials may include a ceramic matrix incorporating an inorganic gas-generating endothermic material. If the temperature of the lithium ion battery rises above a predetermined level, the endothermic materials serve to provide one or more functions to prevent and/or minimize the potential for thermal runaway, e.g., thermal insulation (particularly at high temperatures); (ii) energy absorption; (iii) venting of gases produced, in whole or in part, from endothermic reaction(s) associated with the endothermic materials, (iv) raising total pressure within the battery structure; (v) removal of absorbed heat from the battery system via venting of gases produced during the endothermic reaction(s) associated with the endothermic materials, and/or (vi) dilution of toxic gases (if present) and their safe expulsion from the battery system.

Inventors:

Onnerud, Tord Per Jens; Shi, Jay Jie; Bowersock, Ricky Edward; Gayman, Gary Eugene; Street, Jason Peter

Issue Date:

2020-05-12

Research Org.:

Cadenza Innovation, Inc., Wilton, CT (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1650907

Patent Number(s):

10651521

Application Number:

15/312,888

Assignee:

Cadenza Innovation, Inc. (Wilton, CT)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

A - HUMAN NECESSITIES A62 - LIFE-SAVING A62C - FIRE-FIGHTING

C - CHEMISTRY C09 - DYES C09K - MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE

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A - HUMAN NECESSITIES A62 - LIFE-SAVING A62C - FIRE-FIGHTING

A62C3/16 - in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
A62C99/0018 - {using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide}

C - CHEMISTRY C09 - DYES C09K - MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE

C09K5/18 - Non-reversible chemical reactions

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01G - CAPACITORS

H01G11/06 - with one of the electrodes allowing ions or anions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium-ion capacitors [LICs]
H01G11/10 - Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
H01G11/66 - Current collectors
H01G11/74 - Terminals, e.g. extensions of current collectors
H01G11/78 - Cases

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes
H01M10/0587 - of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
H01M10/617 - for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
H01M10/653 - characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
H01M10/658 - by thermal insulation or shielding
H01M2200/20 - Pressure-sensitive devices

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/10 - Energy storage

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

Y02P70/50 - Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02T - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

Y02T10/70 - Energy storage for electromobility

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DOE Contract Number:  

AR0000392

Resource Type:

Patent

Resource Relation:

Patent File Date: 05/21/2015

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

25 ENERGY STORAGE; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY