Methods of using a laser to spall and drill holes in rocks

Reed, Claude B.; Xu, Zhiyue; Parker, Richard A.; Graves, Ramona M.; Stone, Thomas W.

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Title: Methods of using a laser to spall and drill holes in rocks

Abstract

Apparatus and methods of using lasers are provided for spalling and drilling holes into rocks. A rock removal process is provided that utilizes a combination of laser-induced thermal stress and laser induced superheated steam explosions just below the surface of the laser/rock interaction to spall the rock into small fragments that can then be easily removed by a purging flow. Single laser beams of given irradiance spall rock and create holes having diameter and depth approximately equal to the beam spot size. A group of the single laser beams are steered in a controllable manner by an electro-optic laser beam switch to locations on the surface of the rock, creating multiple overlapping spalled holes thereby removing a layer of rock of a desired diameter. Drilling of a deep hole is achieved by spalling consecutive layers with an intermittent feed motion of the laser head perpendicular to the rock surface.

Inventors:: Reed, Claude B.; Xu, Zhiyue; Parker, Richard A.; Graves, Ramona M.; Stone, Thomas W.

Issue Date:: 2008-08-26

Research Org.:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1531562

Patent Number(s):: 7416258

Application Number:: 11/404,698

Assignee:: UChicago Argonne, LLC (Chicago, IL)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23K - SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B28 - WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE B28D - WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B23 - MACHINE TOOLS B23K - SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING
B23K2103/50 - {Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26}
B23K26/0604 - {by a combination of beams}
B23K26/0676 - {into dependently operating sub-beams, e.g. an array of spots with fixed spatial relationship or for performing simultaneously identical operations}
B23K26/382 - by boring
B23K26/40 - taking account of the properties of the material involved

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B28 - WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE B28D - WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
B28D1/221 - {by thermic methods}

E - FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS E21 - EARTH DRILLING E21B - EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING
E21B7/15 - of electrically generated heat

Show less

DOE Contract Number:: W-31-109-ENG-38

Resource Type:: Patent

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2006-04-14

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; 58 GEOSCIENCES; 02 PETROLEUM; 03 NATURAL GAS

Citation Formats


                    Reed, Claude B., Xu, Zhiyue, Parker, Richard A., Graves, Ramona M., and Stone, Thomas W. Methods of using a laser to spall and drill holes in rocks.  United States: N. p., 2008. 
        Web.

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                    Reed, Claude B., Xu, Zhiyue, Parker, Richard A., Graves, Ramona M., & Stone, Thomas W. Methods of using a laser to spall and drill holes in rocks.  United States.

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                    Reed, Claude B., Xu, Zhiyue, Parker, Richard A., Graves, Ramona M., and Stone, Thomas W. Tue .  
        "Methods of using a laser to spall and drill holes in rocks".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1531562.

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@article{osti_1531562,

  title        = {Methods of using a laser to spall and drill holes in rocks},

  author       = {Reed, Claude B. and Xu, Zhiyue and Parker, Richard A. and Graves, Ramona M. and Stone, Thomas W.},

  abstractNote = {Apparatus and methods of using lasers are provided for spalling and drilling holes into rocks. A rock removal process is provided that utilizes a combination of laser-induced thermal stress and laser induced superheated steam explosions just below the surface of the laser/rock interaction to spall the rock into small fragments that can then be easily removed by a purging flow. Single laser beams of given irradiance spall rock and create holes having diameter and depth approximately equal to the beam spot size. A group of the single laser beams are steered in a controllable manner by an electro-optic laser beam switch to locations on the surface of the rock, creating multiple overlapping spalled holes thereby removing a layer of rock of a desired diameter. Drilling of a deep hole is achieved by spalling consecutive layers with an intermittent feed motion of the laser head perpendicular to the rock surface.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2008},

  month        = {8}

}

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Title: Methods of using a laser to spall and drill holes in rocks

Abstract

Citation Formats

Mining method for steeply dipping ore bodies patent, February 2005

Method and apparatus for laser treatment of geological formations patent, May 1978

Downhole lens assembly for use with high power lasers for earth boring patent, June 2004

Laser Beam Drill patent, March 1975

Control system for high power laser drilling workover and completion unit patent, May 2015

Apparatus for advancing a wellbore using high power laser energy patent, September 2014

Optical fiber configurations for transmission of laser energy over great distances patent, October 2013

High power laser decomissioning of multistring and damaged wells patent, May 2017

Method and apparatus for delivering high power laser energy over long distances patent, August 2013

Optical fiber cable for transmission of high power laser energy over great distances patent, May 2016

Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use patent, June 2016

Optical fiber configurations for transmission of laser energy over great distances patent, November 2014

Reduced mechanical energy well control systems and methods of use patent, December 2017

Methods for enhancing the efficiency of creating a borehole using high power laser systems patent, June 2014

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Device for performing deep drillings and method of performing deep drillings patent, February 2015

Laser bottom hole assembly patent, January 2014

Method and apparatus for delivering high power laser energy over long distances patent, April 2015

Laser assisted system for controlling deep water drilling emergency situations patent, March 2016

Electric motor for laser-mechanical drilling patent, July 2015

High power laser workover and completion tools and systems patent, October 2014

High power laser offshore decommissioning tool, system and methods of use patent, June 2017

Total internal reflection laser tools and methods patent, January 2016

Method and device for excavating submerged stratum patent, September 2010

Methods and apparatus for delivering high power laser energy to a surface patent, April 2013

Optics assembly for high power laser tools patent, June 2016

Laser assisted system for controlling deep water drilling emergency situations patent, May 2014

High power laser perforating and laser fracturing tools and methods of use patent, August 2017

Methods and apparatus for removal and control of material in laser drilling of a borehole patent, January 2014

Shear laser module and method of retrofitting and use patent, April 2014

Laser assisted riser disconnect and method of use patent, July 2014

Method and system for advancement of a borehole using a high power laser patent, September 2014

Laser assisted blowout preventer and methods of use patent, July 2014

Flexible irradiance in laser imaging patent, June 2016

High power laser pipeline tool and methods of use patent, September 2015

Systems and assemblies for transferring high power laser energy through a rotating junction patent, January 2016

Method of mining using a laser patent, March 2019

High power laser downhole cutting tools and systems patent, January 2015

Long distance high power optical laser fiber break detection and continuity monitoring systems and methods patent, February 2016

High power laser photo-conversion assemblies, apparatuses and methods of use patent, July 2015

Mining method for steeply dipping ore bodies
patent, February 2005

Method and apparatus for laser treatment of geological formations
patent, May 1978

Downhole lens assembly for use with high power lasers for earth boring
patent, June 2004

Laser Beam Drill
patent, March 1975

Control system for high power laser drilling workover and completion unit
patent, May 2015

Apparatus for advancing a wellbore using high power laser energy
patent, September 2014

Optical fiber configurations for transmission of laser energy over great distances
patent, October 2013

High power laser decomissioning of multistring and damaged wells
patent, May 2017

Method and apparatus for delivering high power laser energy over long distances
patent, August 2013

Optical fiber cable for transmission of high power laser energy over great distances
patent, May 2016

Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use
patent, June 2016

Optical fiber configurations for transmission of laser energy over great distances
patent, November 2014

Reduced mechanical energy well control systems and methods of use
patent, December 2017

Methods for enhancing the efficiency of creating a borehole using high power laser systems
patent, June 2014

High power laser perforating tools and systems
patent, April 2014

Electric motor for laser-mechanical drilling
patent, October 2017

Device for laser drilling
patent, June 2017

Systems and conveyance structures for high power long distance laser transmission
patent, July 2018

Systems and conveyance structures for high power long distance laser transmission
patent, March 2014

High power laser-mechanical drilling bit and methods of use
patent, February 2017

Laser systems and methods for the removal of structures
patent, July 2015

High power laser ROV systems and methods for treating subsea structures
patent, May 2016

High power laser energy distribution patterns, apparatus and methods for creating wells
patent, March 2016

Device for performing deep drillings and method of performing deep drillings
patent, February 2015

Laser bottom hole assembly
patent, January 2014

Method and apparatus for delivering high power laser energy over long distances
patent, April 2015

Laser assisted system for controlling deep water drilling emergency situations
patent, March 2016

Electric motor for laser-mechanical drilling
patent, July 2015

High power laser workover and completion tools and systems
patent, October 2014

High power laser offshore decommissioning tool, system and methods of use
patent, June 2017

Total internal reflection laser tools and methods
patent, January 2016

Method and device for excavating submerged stratum
patent, September 2010

Methods and apparatus for delivering high power laser energy to a surface
patent, April 2013

Optics assembly for high power laser tools
patent, June 2016

Laser assisted system for controlling deep water drilling emergency situations
patent, May 2014

High power laser perforating and laser fracturing tools and methods of use
patent, August 2017

Methods and apparatus for removal and control of material in laser drilling of a borehole
patent, January 2014

Shear laser module and method of retrofitting and use
patent, April 2014

Laser assisted riser disconnect and method of use
patent, July 2014

Method and system for advancement of a borehole using a high power laser
patent, September 2014

Laser assisted blowout preventer and methods of use
patent, July 2014

Flexible irradiance in laser imaging
patent, June 2016

High power laser pipeline tool and methods of use
patent, September 2015

Systems and assemblies for transferring high power laser energy through a rotating junction
patent, January 2016

Method of mining using a laser
patent, March 2019

High power laser downhole cutting tools and systems
patent, January 2015

Long distance high power optical laser fiber break detection and continuity monitoring systems and methods
patent, February 2016

High power laser photo-conversion assemblies, apparatuses and methods of use
patent, July 2015