Title: Management of gas pressure and electrode state of charge in alkaline batteries

Abstract

An inventive, new system that measures gas composition and pressure in the headspace of an aqueous electrolyte battery is described. The system includes a microcontroller that can use the composition and pressure information to connect a third electrode to either the anode(s) or the cathode(s) in order to balance the state of charge between the two. Results have shown that such a system can control the gas pressure inside a sealed flooded aqueous electrolyte battery to remain below 20 kPa (3 psi) and greatly extend the useable life of the battery.

Inventors:

Turney, Damon; Ito, Yasumasa; Banerjee, Sanjoy

Issue Date:

2019-02-19

Research Org.:

Research Foundation of the City University of New York, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1502947

Patent Number(s):

10211491

Application Number:

14/380,316

Assignee:

Research Foundation of the City University of New York (New York, NY)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

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H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M10/24 - Alkaline accumulators
H01M10/34 - Gastight accumulators
H01M10/425 - {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
H01M10/4257 - {Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries}
H01M10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating condition, e.g. level or density of the electrolyte
H01M10/523 - {by recombination on a catalytic material}
H01M2010/4271 - {Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing}
H01M2200/20 - Pressure-sensitive devices
H01M4/24 - Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
H01M4/244 - {Zinc electrodes}
H01M4/248 - {Iron electrodes}
H01M4/32 - Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
H01M4/34 - Silver oxide or hydroxide electrodes
H01M4/90 - Selection of catalytic material
H01M4/9041 - {Metals or alloys
H01M4/921 - {Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/10 - Energy storage
Y02E60/50 - Fuel cells

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

Y02P70/50 - Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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DOE Contract Number:  

EE0004224

Resource Type:

Patent

Resource Relation:

Patent File Date: 2013 Feb 22

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

42 ENGINEERING; 25 ENERGY STORAGE