Title: Redox active polymers and colloidal particles for flow batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a redox flow battery comprising a microporous or nanoporous size-exclusion membrane, wherein one cell of the battery contains a redox-active polymer dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent or a redox-active colloidal particle dispersed in the non-aqueous solvent. The redox flow battery provides enhanced ionic conductivity across the electrolyte separator and reduced redox-active species crossover, thereby improving the performance and enabling widespread utilization. Redox active poly(vinylbenzyl ethylviologen) (RAPs) and redox active colloidal particles (RACs) were prepared and were found to be highly effective redox species. Controlled potential bulk electrolysis indicates that 94-99% of the nominal charge on different RAPs is accessible and the electrolysis products are stable upon cycling. The high concentration attainable (>2.0 M) for RAPs in common non-aqueous battery solvents, their electrochemical and chemical reversibility, and their hindered transport across porous separators make them attractive materials for non-aqueous redox flow batteries based on size-selectivity.

Inventors:

Gavvalapalli, Nagarjuna; Moore, Jeffrey S.; Rodriguez-Lopez, Joaquin; Cheng, Kevin; Shen, Mei; Lichtenstein, Timothy

Issue Date:

2018-05-29

Research Org.:

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1454246

Patent Number(s):

9982068

Application Number:

15/000,910

Assignee:

The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois (Urbana, IL)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08F - MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

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C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08F - MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS

C08F112/18 - {Chlorine}
C08F12/18 - Chlorine
C08F12/26 - Nitrogen
C08F12/32 - containing two or more rings
C08F212/18 - {Chlorine}
C08F212/36 - Divinylbenzene
C08F8/30 - Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M2300/0025 - Organic electrolyte
H01M2300/0028 - characterised by the solvent
H01M8/02 - Details
H01M8/188 - {by recharging of redox couples containing fluids
H01M8/20 - Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/50 - Fuel cells

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DOE Contract Number:  

AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:

Patent

Resource Relation:

Patent File Date: 2016 Jan 19

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

25 ENERGY STORAGE; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE