Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials

Wallace, Andrew P.; Melack, John M.; Lefenfeld, Michael

Title: Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials

Abstract

Systems, devices, and methods combine thermally stable reactant materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen and a non-toxic liquid by-product. The reactant materials can sodium silicide or sodium silica gel. The hydrogen generation devices are used in fuels cells and other industrial applications. One system combines cooling, pumping, water storage, and other devices to sense and control reactions between reactant materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. Springs and other pressurization mechanisms pressurize and deliver an aqueous solution to the reaction. A check valve and other pressure regulation mechanisms regulate the pressure of the aqueous solution delivered to the reactant fuel material in the reactor based upon characteristics of the pressurization mechanisms and can regulate the pressure of the delivered aqueous solution as a steady decay associated with the pressurization force. The pressure regulation mechanism can also prevent hydrogen gas from deflecting the pressure regulation mechanism.

Inventors:: Wallace, Andrew P.; Melack, John M.; Lefenfeld, Michael

Issue Date:: 2017-12-19

Research Org.:: Intelligent Energy Limited, Loughborough, GB (England)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1414413

Patent Number(s):: 9845239

Application Number:: 14/789,880

Assignee:: Intelligent Energy Limited (Loughborough, GB)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J7/02 - by wet methods

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B3/06 - by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
C01B3/065 - {from a hydride}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/36 - Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources

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DOE Contract Number:: FG36-08GO88108

Resource Type:: Patent

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2015 Jul 01

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 08 HYDROGEN; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Wallace, Andrew P., Melack, John M., and Lefenfeld, Michael. Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
        Web.

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                    Wallace, Andrew P., Melack, John M., & Lefenfeld, Michael. Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials.  United States.

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                    Wallace, Andrew P., Melack, John M., and Lefenfeld, Michael. Tue .  
        "Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1414413.

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@article{osti_1414413,

  title        = {Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials},

  author       = {Wallace, Andrew P. and Melack, John M. and Lefenfeld, Michael},

  abstractNote = {Systems, devices, and methods combine thermally stable reactant materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen and a non-toxic liquid by-product. The reactant materials can sodium silicide or sodium silica gel. The hydrogen generation devices are used in fuels cells and other industrial applications. One system combines cooling, pumping, water storage, and other devices to sense and control reactions between reactant materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. Springs and other pressurization mechanisms pressurize and deliver an aqueous solution to the reaction. A check valve and other pressure regulation mechanisms regulate the pressure of the aqueous solution delivered to the reactant fuel material in the reactor based upon characteristics of the pressurization mechanisms and can regulate the pressure of the delivered aqueous solution as a steady decay associated with the pressurization force. The pressure regulation mechanism can also prevent hydrogen gas from deflecting the pressure regulation mechanism.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {12}

}

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Fuel Cell Cartridge
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Spare, Bradley L.; Iyer, Vijay M.
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Iyer, Vijay M.; Spare, Bradley L.
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Title: Hydrogen generation systems and methods utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials

Abstract

Citation Formats

Silica Gels and Process of Making the Same patent, April 1928

Method of Impregnating Porous Materials patent, December 1933

Lithium Silicon Composition patent, April 1935

Process of Preparing Oxide Gels patent, June 1945

Process of Preparing Dense Amorphous Silica Aggregates and Product patent, January 1956

Process of Making Reinforced Silica Gel and Esterified Silica Gel patent, October 1956

Impregnation of Porous Solids patent, May 1962

Process of Forming Solid Cakes and Pellets From Metal Oxide Aerogels patent, May 1962

Process for Preparing Siliceous Aerogels patent, February 1963

Preparation of Siliceous Aerogels patent, January 1965

Preparation of Diphenyl patent, September 1966

Process for Preparing Alumina Having a Narrow Pore Size Distribution patent, May 1967

Art of Making Silica Particles patent, January 1970

Porous Silica Particles Containing a Crystallized Phase and Method patent, February 1970

Catalyst for Oxidation of Naphthalene to Phthalic Acid Anhydride patent, April 1970

Process for Preparing Silica Gel Granules patent, September 1970

Gas Generation Carrier patent, October 1970

Supported Cuprous Halide Absorbents and Methods for Their Preparation patent, April 1971

Removal of Esters and Acids From Tertiary-Butyl Alcohol Solutions patent, April 1871

Adsorbent Oxidation Catalyst patent, April 1972

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 2,6-DIALKYLPHENOLS patent, June 1972

Extruded Alumina Catalyst Support and the Preparation Thereof patent, July 1972

Process for Preparing 5-Alkylidene-2-Norbornene patent, February 1974

Preparation of Silica Gels patent, February 1974

Preparation of Silica Gels patent, April 1974

Process for the removal of hydrogen cyanide from gas streams patent, April 1975

Production of 2,2-disubstituted propiolactones patent, October 1975

Process for preparing monoalkenylbenzenes patent, May 1976

Method of reducing the .alpha.-acetylene content of hydrocarbon patent, May 1978

Catalysts for the production of alkylene oxides patent, September 1979

Method of making catalysts for the production of ethylene oxide patent, February 1981

Hydrocarbon dehydrogenation with an attenuated superactive multimetallic catalytic composite for use therein patent, October 1982

Hydrocarbon dehydrogenation with an attenuated superactive multimetallic catalytic composite for use therein patent, December 1982

Hydrodesulfurization catalyst on lithium-containing support and method for its preparation patent, July 1983

Manufacture of synthetic lubricant additives from low molecular weight olefins using boron trifluoride catalysts patent, November 1983

Process for the preparation of linear olefins from triethylaluminum and tripropylaluminum via growth, isomerization and metathesis patent, March 1984

Process for hydrocracking heavy hydrocarbon oils and catalyst therefor patent, April 1984

Process for producing two-carbon atom oxygenated compounds from synthesis gas with minimal production of methane patent, May 1984

Process for producing two-carbon atom oxygenated compounds from synthesis gas with minimal production of methane patent, September 1984

Process for the conversion of terpenes to limonene patent, April 1985

Apparatus and method for use in thermoelectric power generation patent, December 1986

Compact hydrogen generator patent, April 1988

Process for producing alkylphenols patent, September 1988

Process for improving the performance of a catalyst for the production of alkylene oxides patent, June 1989

Hydrated silica gel for stabilization treatment of beer patent, December 1990

Alkene coupling patent, January 1991

Process for converting toluene and butadiene to styrene and 1-pentene patent, April 1991

Porous titania or zirconia spheres patent, July 1992

Multi-stage olefin isomerization patent, March 1994

Hydrogen generation by hydrolysis of hydrides for undersea vehicle fuel cell energy systems patent, December 1994

Portable hydrogen generator patent, January 1997

Gas generating agent composition patent, April 1998

Supported palladium catalyst for selective catalytic hydrogenation of acetylene in hydrocarbonaceous streams patent, January 1999

Process for the production of supported palladium-gold catalysts patent, February 2000

Oxidative coupling of methane with carbon conservation patent, August 2000

Clathrate structure for electronic and electro-optic applications patent, August 2000

Metal silicides as performance modifiers for glass compositions patent, February 2001

Carbonyl iron silicide powder patent, October 2001

Method for generation of hydrogen gas patent, March 2002

Porous aluminum oxide structures and processes for their production patent, June 2002

Process for producing alkenyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons patent, June 2002

Method of making silicon clathrates patent, July 2002

Mesoporous composite gels an aerogels patent, December 2002

Electroconversion cell patent, December 2002

System for hydrogen generation patent, March 2003

Portable chemical hydrogen hydride system patent, April 2003

Process for producing 2-vinylcyclododecanone patent, April 2003

Aldol condensation patent, July 2003

Aldol condensation reaction and catalyst therefor patent, March 2004

Mobile hydrogen generation and supply system patent, June 2004

Compact solid source of hydrogen gas patent, June 2004

Accelerated hydrogen generation through reactive mixing of two or more fluids patent, November 2004

Method of generating hydrogen by reaction of borohydrides and hydrates patent, November 2004

Hydrogen station loading control unit, vehicle onboard terminal unit, hydrogen station, method for controlling hydrogen station loading patent, May 2005

Apparatus for delivering the power status data of a smart battery patent, June 2005

Portable hydrogen generator patent, August 2005

Self-regulating hydrogen generator patent, September 2005

Silica Gels and Process of Making the Same
patent, April 1928

Method of Impregnating Porous Materials
patent, December 1933

Lithium Silicon Composition
patent, April 1935

Process of Preparing Oxide Gels
patent, June 1945

Process of Preparing Dense Amorphous Silica Aggregates and Product
patent, January 1956

Process of Making Reinforced Silica Gel and Esterified Silica Gel
patent, October 1956

Impregnation of Porous Solids
patent, May 1962

Process of Forming Solid Cakes and Pellets From Metal Oxide Aerogels
patent, May 1962

Process for Preparing Siliceous Aerogels
patent, February 1963

Preparation of Siliceous Aerogels
patent, January 1965

Preparation of Diphenyl
patent, September 1966

Process for Preparing Alumina Having a Narrow Pore Size Distribution
patent, May 1967

Art of Making Silica Particles
patent, January 1970

Porous Silica Particles Containing a Crystallized Phase and Method
patent, February 1970

Catalyst for Oxidation of Naphthalene to Phthalic Acid Anhydride
patent, April 1970

Process for Preparing Silica Gel Granules
patent, September 1970

Gas Generation Carrier
patent, October 1970

Supported Cuprous Halide Absorbents and Methods for Their Preparation
patent, April 1971

Removal of Esters and Acids From Tertiary-Butyl Alcohol Solutions
patent, April 1871

Adsorbent Oxidation Catalyst
patent, April 1972

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 2,6-DIALKYLPHENOLS
patent, June 1972

Extruded Alumina Catalyst Support and the Preparation Thereof
patent, July 1972

Process for Preparing 5-Alkylidene-2-Norbornene
patent, February 1974

Preparation of Silica Gels
patent, February 1974

Preparation of Silica Gels
patent, April 1974

Process for the removal of hydrogen cyanide from gas streams
patent, April 1975

Production of 2,2-disubstituted propiolactones
patent, October 1975

Process for preparing monoalkenylbenzenes
patent, May 1976

Method of reducing the .alpha.-acetylene content of hydrocarbon
patent, May 1978

Catalysts for the production of alkylene oxides
patent, September 1979

Method of making catalysts for the production of ethylene oxide
patent, February 1981

Hydrocarbon dehydrogenation with an attenuated superactive multimetallic catalytic composite for use therein
patent, October 1982

Hydrocarbon dehydrogenation with an attenuated superactive multimetallic catalytic composite for use therein
patent, December 1982

Hydrodesulfurization catalyst on lithium-containing support and method for its preparation
patent, July 1983

Manufacture of synthetic lubricant additives from low molecular weight olefins using boron trifluoride catalysts
patent, November 1983

Process for the preparation of linear olefins from triethylaluminum and tripropylaluminum via growth, isomerization and metathesis
patent, March 1984

Process for hydrocracking heavy hydrocarbon oils and catalyst therefor
patent, April 1984

Process for producing two-carbon atom oxygenated compounds from synthesis gas with minimal production of methane
patent, May 1984

Process for producing two-carbon atom oxygenated compounds from synthesis gas with minimal production of methane
patent, September 1984

Process for the conversion of terpenes to limonene
patent, April 1985

Apparatus and method for use in thermoelectric power generation
patent, December 1986

Compact hydrogen generator
patent, April 1988

Process for producing alkylphenols
patent, September 1988

Process for improving the performance of a catalyst for the production of alkylene oxides
patent, June 1989

Hydrated silica gel for stabilization treatment of beer
patent, December 1990

Alkene coupling
patent, January 1991

Process for converting toluene and butadiene to styrene and 1-pentene
patent, April 1991

Porous titania or zirconia spheres
patent, July 1992

Multi-stage olefin isomerization
patent, March 1994

Hydrogen generation by hydrolysis of hydrides for undersea vehicle fuel cell energy systems
patent, December 1994

Portable hydrogen generator
patent, January 1997

Gas generating agent composition
patent, April 1998

Supported palladium catalyst for selective catalytic hydrogenation of acetylene in hydrocarbonaceous streams
patent, January 1999

Process for the production of supported palladium-gold catalysts
patent, February 2000

Oxidative coupling of methane with carbon conservation
patent, August 2000

Clathrate structure for electronic and electro-optic applications
patent, August 2000

Metal silicides as performance modifiers for glass compositions
patent, February 2001

Carbonyl iron silicide powder
patent, October 2001

Method for generation of hydrogen gas
patent, March 2002

Porous aluminum oxide structures and processes for their production
patent, June 2002

Process for producing alkenyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons
patent, June 2002

Method of making silicon clathrates
patent, July 2002

Mesoporous composite gels an aerogels
patent, December 2002

Electroconversion cell
patent, December 2002

System for hydrogen generation
patent, March 2003

Portable chemical hydrogen hydride system
patent, April 2003

Process for producing 2-vinylcyclododecanone
patent, April 2003

Aldol condensation
patent, July 2003

Aldol condensation reaction and catalyst therefor
patent, March 2004

Mobile hydrogen generation and supply system
patent, June 2004

Compact solid source of hydrogen gas
patent, June 2004

Accelerated hydrogen generation through reactive mixing of two or more fluids
patent, November 2004

Method of generating hydrogen by reaction of borohydrides and hydrates
patent, November 2004

Hydrogen station loading control unit, vehicle onboard terminal unit, hydrogen station, method for controlling hydrogen station loading
patent, May 2005

Apparatus for delivering the power status data of a smart battery
patent, June 2005

Portable hydrogen generator
patent, August 2005

Self-regulating hydrogen generator
patent, September 2005

Storage, generation, and use of hydrogen
patent, May 2006

Hydrogen generators for fuel cells
patent, July 2006

System for hydrogen generation
patent, August 2006