Mesoporous silicon synthesis and applications in Li-ion batteries and solar hydrogen fuel cells

Wang, Donghai; Dai, Fang; Yi, Ran; Zai, Jianto

Title: Mesoporous silicon synthesis and applications in Li-ion batteries and solar hydrogen fuel cells

Abstract

We provide a mesoporous silicon material (PSi) prepared via a template-free and HF-free process. The production process is facile and scalable, and it may be conducted under mild reaction conditions. The silicon may be produced directly by the reduction of a silicon-halogenide precursor (for example, SiCl.sub.4) with an alkaline alloy (for example, NaK alloy). The resulting Si-salt matrix is then annealed for the pore formation and crystallite growth. Final product is obtained by removal of the salt by-products with water.

Inventors:: Wang, Donghai; Dai, Fang; Yi, Ran; Zai, Jianto

Issue Date:: 2017-05-23

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1358270

Patent Number(s):: 9656243

Application Number:: 14/328,136

Assignee:: The Penn State Research Foundation

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J35/004 - {Photocatalysts}
B01J21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
B01J35/1019 - {100-500 m2/g}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/10 - Energy storage

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J35/1023 - {500-1000 m2/g}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
H01M4/622 - {being polymers}
H01M4/386 - {Silicon or alloys based on silicon}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/32 - Hydrogen storage

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B33/033 - by reduction of silicon halides or halosilanes with a metal or a metallic alloy as the only reducing agents

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J35/1042 - {0.5-1.0 ml/g}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
Y02P70/50 - Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
H01M10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J35/1047 - {more than 1.0 ml/g}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/50 - Fuel cells

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
H01M8/0606 - with means for production of gaseous reactants

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J35/1061 - {2-50 nm}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
H01M4/623 - {fluorinated polymers}

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DOE Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

Resource Type:: Patent

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2014 Jul 10

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE

Citation Formats


                    Wang, Donghai, Dai, Fang, Yi, Ran, and Zai, Jianto. Mesoporous silicon synthesis and applications in Li-ion batteries and solar hydrogen fuel cells.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
        Web.

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                    Wang, Donghai, Dai, Fang, Yi, Ran, & Zai, Jianto. Mesoporous silicon synthesis and applications in Li-ion batteries and solar hydrogen fuel cells.  United States.

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                    Wang, Donghai, Dai, Fang, Yi, Ran, and Zai, Jianto. Tue .  
        "Mesoporous silicon synthesis and applications in Li-ion batteries and solar hydrogen fuel cells".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1358270.

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@article{osti_1358270,

  title        = {Mesoporous silicon synthesis and applications in Li-ion batteries and solar hydrogen fuel cells},

  author       = {Wang, Donghai and Dai, Fang and Yi, Ran and Zai, Jianto},

  abstractNote = {We provide a mesoporous silicon material (PSi) prepared via a template-free and HF-free process. The production process is facile and scalable, and it may be conducted under mild reaction conditions. The silicon may be produced directly by the reduction of a silicon-halogenide precursor (for example, SiCl.sub.4) with an alkaline alloy (for example, NaK alloy). The resulting Si-salt matrix is then annealed for the pore formation and crystallite growth. Final product is obtained by removal of the salt by-products with water.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {5}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

Chemical reduction of three-dimensional silica micro-assemblies into microporous silicon replicas
journal, March 2007

Bao, Zhihao; Weatherspoon, Michael R.; Shian, Samuel
Nature, Vol. 446, Issue 7132, p. 172-175
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05570

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Title: Mesoporous silicon synthesis and applications in Li-ion batteries and solar hydrogen fuel cells

Abstract

Citation Formats

Chemical reduction of three-dimensional silica micro-assemblies into microporous silicon replicas journal, March 2007

Chemical reduction of three-dimensional silica micro-assemblies into microporous silicon replicas
journal, March 2007