Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use

Rinzler, Charles C.; Gray, William C.; Fraze, Jason D.; Faircloth, Brian O.; Zediker, Mark S.; McKay, Ryan P.

Title: Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use

Abstract

There are provided high power laser connectors and couplers and methods that are capable of providing high laser power without the need for active cooling to remote, harsh and difficult to access locations and under difficult and harsh conditions and to manage and mitigate the adverse effects of back reflections.

Inventors:: Rinzler, Charles C.; Gray, William C.; Fraze, Jason D.; Faircloth, Brian O.; Zediker, Mark S.; McKay, Ryan P.

Issue Date:: 2016-06-07

Research Org.:: Foro Energy, Inc., Denver, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1255965

Patent Number(s):: 9360643

Application Number:: 13/486,795

Assignee:: Foro Energy, Inc. (Denver, CO)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: G - PHYSICS G02 - OPTICS G02B - OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01S - DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT

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G - PHYSICS G02 - OPTICS G02B - OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
G02B6/3818 - {of a low-reflection-loss type

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01S - DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT
H01S3/0064 - {Anti-reflection devices, e.g. optical isolaters
H01S3/042 - for solid state lasers {

G - PHYSICS G02 - OPTICS G02B - OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
G02B6/3814 - {with cooling or heat dissipation means}
G02B6/4296 - {coupling with sources of high radiant energy, e.g. high power lasers, high temperature light sources}
G02B6/3813 - {for transmission of high energy beam
G02B6/262 - {Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements}
G02B2006/4297 - {having protection means, e.g. protecting humans against accidental exposure to harmful laser radiation}
G02B6/4427 - {Pressure resistant cables, e.g. undersea cables}
G02B6/3624 - {Fibre head, e.g. fibre probe termination

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DOE Contract Number:: AR0000044

Resource Type:: Patent

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2012 Jun 01

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION

Citation Formats


                    Rinzler, Charles C., Gray, William C., Fraze, Jason D., Faircloth, Brian O., Zediker, Mark S., and McKay, Ryan P. Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
        Web.

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                    Rinzler, Charles C., Gray, William C., Fraze, Jason D., Faircloth, Brian O., Zediker, Mark S., & McKay, Ryan P. Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use.  United States.

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                    Rinzler, Charles C., Gray, William C., Fraze, Jason D., Faircloth, Brian O., Zediker, Mark S., and McKay, Ryan P. Tue .  
        "Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1255965.

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@article{osti_1255965,

  title        = {Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use},

  author       = {Rinzler, Charles C. and Gray, William C. and Fraze, Jason D. and Faircloth, Brian O. and Zediker, Mark S. and McKay, Ryan P.},

  abstractNote = {There are provided high power laser connectors and couplers and methods that are capable of providing high laser power without the need for active cooling to remote, harsh and difficult to access locations and under difficult and harsh conditions and to manage and mitigate the adverse effects of back reflections.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2016},

  month        = {6}

}

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International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, Vol. 35, Issue 1, p. 3-15
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00318-5

Rock excavation with laser assistance
journal, July 1976

Jurewicz, B. R.
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 13, Issue 7, p. 207-219
https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(76)91695-8

Numerical simulation with experimental verification of the fracture behavior in granite under confining pressures based on the tension-softening model
journal, February 1993

Hashida, T.; Oghikubo, H.; Takahashi, H.
International Journal of Fracture, Vol. 59, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02555185

Semianalytical Productivity Models for Perforated Completions
journal, February 1991

Karakas, Metin; Tariq, S. M.
SPE Production Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 73-82
https://doi.org/10.2118/18247-PA

Drilling a 2-inch in Diameter Hole in Granites Submerged in Water by CO₂ Lasers
conference, January 2009

Kobayashi, Toshio; Kubo, Satoshi; Ichikawa, Makoto
SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition
https://doi.org/10.2118/119914-MS

Design concept for optical fibers with enhanced SBS threshold
journal, January 2005

Kobyakov, Andrey; Kumar, Shiva; Chowdhury, Dipak Q.
Optics Express, Vol. 13, Issue 14, p. 5338-5346
https://doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.13.005338

Curvature loss formula for optical fibers
journal, January 1976

Marcuse, Dietrich
Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 66, Issue 3, p. 216-220
https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.66.000216

Travis Peak Core Permeability and Porosity Relationships at Reservoir Stress
journal, September 1991

Luffel, D. L.; Howard, W. E.; Hunt, E. R.
SPE Formation Evaluation, Vol. 6, Issue 3, p. 310-318
https://doi.org/10.2118/19008-PA

Stress resistance parameters of brittle solids under laser/plasma pulse heating
journal, September 2000

Gurarie, V. N.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 288, Issue 2, p. 168-172
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00865-0

StarWars Laser Technology Applied to Drilling and Completing Gas Wells
conference, January 1998

Graves, R. M.; O'Brien, D. G.
SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition
https://doi.org/10.2118/49259-MS

Laboratory Measurement and Correction of Thermal Properties for Application to the Rock Mass
journal, November 2005

Gunn, D. A.; Jones, L. D.; Raines, M. G.
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, Vol. 23, Issue 6, p. 773-791
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-003-3156-6

Laboratory Measurement and Correction of Thermal Properties for Application to the Rock Mass
journal, November 2005

Gunn, D. A.; Jones, L. D.; Raines, M. G.
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, Vol. 23, Issue 6, p. 773-791
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-003-3156-6

The role of thermal stress fatigue in the breakdown of rock in cold regions
journal, December 1999

Hall, Kevin
Geomorphology, Vol. 31, Issue 1-4, p. 47-63
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(99)00072-0

Shielding properties of laser-induced breakdown in water for pulse durations from 5 ns to 125 fs
journal, January 1997

Hammer, Daniel X.; Jansen, E. Duco; Frenz, Martin
Applied Optics, Vol. 36, Issue 22, p. 5630-5640
https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.36.005630

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Title: Rugged passively cooled high power laser fiber optic connectors and methods of use

Abstract

Citation Formats

The effect of interaction time and saturation of rock on specific energy in ND:YAG laser perforating journal, February 2011

Simulation of dynamic response of granite: A numerical approach of shock-induced damage beneath impact craters journal, December 2006

Collapse and rebound of a laser-induced cavitation bubble journal, October 2001

The porosity and engineering properties of vesicular basalt in Saudi Arabia journal, October 1999

Prevention of Nozzle Wear in Abrasive Water Suspension Jets (AWSJ) Using Porous Lubricated Nozzles journal, January 2003

The Äspö Pillar Stability Experiment: Part II—Rock mass response to coupled excavation-induced and thermal-induced stresses journal, July 2009

A new approach to quantification of metamorphism using ultra-small and small angle neutron scattering journal, December 2009

Dynamic Vickers indentation of brittle materials journal, April 2000

The failure of brittle solids containing small cracks under compressive stress states journal, March 1986

A multiaxial stress criterion for short- and long-term strength of isotropic rock media journal, December 2000

The Schmidt hammer in rock material characterization journal, September 2005

Simulation of the coupled thermal optical effects for liquid immersion micro-/nano-lithography conference, May 2004

On the relationship between the parameters of Paris' law for fatigue crack growth in aluminium alloys journal, December 1977

Air-entrainment characteristics in a plunging water jet system using rectangular nozzles with rounded ends January 2003

Well Perforation Using High-Power Lasers conference, October 2003

Prediction of compressive and tensile strength of limestone via genetic programming journal, July 2008

Spall damage modelling and dynamic fracture specificities of ceramics journal, July 1992

The combined influence of mineralogical, hygric and thermal properties on the durability of porous building stones journal, August 2008

Micro-scratch evaluation of rock types—a means to comprehend rock drill wear journal, February 2004

Mechanism of brittle fracture of rock: Part I—theory of the fracture process journal, October 1967

Temperature Profile in Semi-infinite Body With Exponential Source and Convective Boundary Condition journal, January 1990

Analysis of compressive fracture in rock using statistical techniques: Part I. A non-linear rule-based model journal, October 1998

Bend loss in large core multimode optical fiber beam delivery systems journal, January 1991

Development, testing and track record of fiber-optic, wet-mate, connectors conference, January 2003

Dynamics of laser-induced cavitation bubbles near an elastic boundary journal, April 2001

Rock Failure Under Dynamic Loading Conditions journal, March 1963

Rock Failure Under Dynamic Loading Conditions journal, March 1963

Drilling a Hole in Granite Submerged in Water By Use of CO<sub>2</sub> Laser journal, February 2010

Strength of glass from Hertzian line contact conference, September 2011

Rock Cutting By Laser conference, April 2013

Rock Properties of Berea Sandstone, Baker Dolomite, and Indiana Limestone conference, January 1991

Improved Optimisation of Bit Selection Using Mathematically Modelled Bit Performance Indices conference, January 2006

Successful Drilling of Basalt in a West of Shetland Deepwater Discovery conference, September 2005

Use of nondestructive testing methods in evaluation of thermal damage for ceramics under conditions of nonstationary thermal effects journal, January 1985

High-Power Slim-Hole Drilling System conference, January 1995

The static fatigue of brittle rock under uniaxial compression journal, February 1974

Development of a new direct test method for estimating cutter life, based on the Sievers’ J miniature drill test journal, January 2007

Stimulated Brillouin Scattering journal, January 1969

Acousto-ultrasonic study of thermal shock damage in castable refractory journal, February 1991

Linear thermal expansion of granitic rocks: influence of apparent porosity, grain size and quartz content journal, May 2004

Simulation of bulk-absorption thermal lensing in transmissive optics of gravitational waves detectors journal, October 2003

Some mechanisms of microcrack growth and interaction in compressive rock failure journal, June 1981

Flow structure and optical beam propagation in high-Reynolds-number gas-phase shear layers and jets journal, April 2001

Correlation between Schmidt hardness, uniaxial compressive strength and Young’s modulus for andesites, basalts and tuffs journal, April 2004

PDC Bit Selection Method Through the Analysis of Past Bit Performances conference, October 1990

Porosity-permeability relationships in interlayered limestone-dolostone reservoirs journal, January 2006

Stimulated Brillouin scattering in multimode fibers for optical phase conjugation journal, July 2002

Wear characteristics of PDC pin and hybrid core bits in rock drilling journal, September 1995

PDC Bit Selection Through Cost Prediction Estimates Using Crossplots and Sonic Log Data conference, January 1993

Separating Bit and Lithology Effects from Drilling Mechanics Data conference, January 1988

Peak-power limits on fiber amplifiers imposed by self-focusing journal, January 2006

Vickers and Knoop hardness of electron beam deposited ZrC and HfC thin films on titanium journal, April 2006

Spectral Gamma-Ray Logging in the Texas Austin Chalk Trend journal, March 1980

A simple crack-extension criterion for time-dependent spallation journal, April 1971

Rock removal using high-power lasers for petroleum exploitation purposes conference, September 2002

Analysis of Efficient High-Power Fiber Lasers for Well Perforation conference, January 2004

Effect of Downhole Pressure Conditions on High-Power Laser Perforation conference, October 2005

PDC Bits: All Comes From the Cutter/Rock Interaction conference, February 2006

Crack Arrest and Multiple Cracking in Glass Through the Use of Designed Residual Stress Profiles journal, February 1999

Fluorescent dye penetrants applied to rock fractures journal, March 1968

Dominant rock properties affecting the penetration rate of percussive drills journal, July 2003

Knowledge Selection for Laser Drilling in the Oil and Gas Industry conference, January 2005

Flow Visualization and Characteristics of a Coaxial Jet with a Tabbed Annular Nozzle journal, January 2006

Leaky Modes in Weakly Guiding Fiber Acoustic Waveguides journal, November 1986

A model for non-linear rock deformation under compression due to sub-critical crack growth journal, November 1991

Analysis of Efficient High-Power Fiber Lasers for Well Perforation conference, January 2004

Laser heating of sheet metal and thermal stress development journal, November 2004

Prediction of thermal conductivity of rocks by soft computing journal, May 2010

A dynamic damage growth model for uniaxial compressive response of rock aggregates journal, May 2002

Reservoir Characterization of the Frontier Tight Gas Sand, Green River Basin, Wyoming conference, January 1991

A Drilling Rate Model for Roller Cone Bits and Its Application conference, January 2010

A micromechanical damage model for concrete journal, January 1986

Thermal fatigue of particle reinforced metal–matrix composite induced by laser heating and mechanical load journal, July 2005

PDC Drill Bit Design and Field Application Evolution journal, March 1988

Effect of Downhole Pressure Conditions on High-Power Laser Perforation conference, October 2005

Development of underwater laser cutting technique for steel and zircaloy for nuclear applications journal, December 2010

Cutting Efficiency of a Single PDC Cutter on Hard Rock journal, June 2009

The effect of interaction time and saturation of rock on specific energy in ND:YAG laser perforating
journal, February 2011

Simulation of dynamic response of granite: A numerical approach of shock-induced damage beneath impact craters
journal, December 2006

Collapse and rebound of a laser-induced cavitation bubble
journal, October 2001

The porosity and engineering properties of vesicular basalt in Saudi Arabia
journal, October 1999

Prevention of Nozzle Wear in Abrasive Water Suspension Jets (AWSJ) Using Porous Lubricated Nozzles
journal, January 2003

The Äspö Pillar Stability Experiment: Part II—Rock mass response to coupled excavation-induced and thermal-induced stresses
journal, July 2009

A new approach to quantification of metamorphism using ultra-small and small angle neutron scattering
journal, December 2009

Dynamic Vickers indentation of brittle materials
journal, April 2000

The failure of brittle solids containing small cracks under compressive stress states
journal, March 1986

A multiaxial stress criterion for short- and long-term strength of isotropic rock media
journal, December 2000

The Schmidt hammer in rock material characterization
journal, September 2005

Simulation of the coupled thermal optical effects for liquid immersion micro-/nano-lithography
conference, May 2004

On the relationship between the parameters of Paris' law for fatigue crack growth in aluminium alloys
journal, December 1977

Air-entrainment characteristics in a plunging water jet system using rectangular nozzles with rounded ends
January 2003

Well Perforation Using High-Power Lasers
conference, October 2003

Prediction of compressive and tensile strength of limestone via genetic programming
journal, July 2008

Spall damage modelling and dynamic fracture specificities of ceramics
journal, July 1992

The combined influence of mineralogical, hygric and thermal properties on the durability of porous building stones
journal, August 2008

Micro-scratch evaluation of rock types—a means to comprehend rock drill wear
journal, February 2004

Mechanism of brittle fracture of rock: Part I—theory of the fracture process
journal, October 1967

Temperature Profile in Semi-infinite Body With Exponential Source and Convective Boundary Condition
journal, January 1990

Analysis of compressive fracture in rock using statistical techniques: Part I. A non-linear rule-based model
journal, October 1998

Bend loss in large core multimode optical fiber beam delivery systems
journal, January 1991

Development, testing and track record of fiber-optic, wet-mate, connectors
conference, January 2003

Dynamics of laser-induced cavitation bubbles near an elastic boundary
journal, April 2001

Rock Failure Under Dynamic Loading Conditions
journal, March 1963

Rock Failure Under Dynamic Loading Conditions
journal, March 1963

Drilling a Hole in Granite Submerged in Water By Use of CO<sub>2</sub> Laser
journal, February 2010

Strength of glass from Hertzian line contact
conference, September 2011

Rock Cutting By Laser
conference, April 2013

Rock Properties of Berea Sandstone, Baker Dolomite, and Indiana Limestone
conference, January 1991

Improved Optimisation of Bit Selection Using Mathematically Modelled Bit Performance Indices
conference, January 2006

Successful Drilling of Basalt in a West of Shetland Deepwater Discovery
conference, September 2005

Use of nondestructive testing methods in evaluation of thermal damage for ceramics under conditions of nonstationary thermal effects
journal, January 1985

High-Power Slim-Hole Drilling System
conference, January 1995

The static fatigue of brittle rock under uniaxial compression
journal, February 1974

Development of a new direct test method for estimating cutter life, based on the Sievers’ J miniature drill test
journal, January 2007

Stimulated Brillouin Scattering
journal, January 1969

Acousto-ultrasonic study of thermal shock damage in castable refractory
journal, February 1991

Linear thermal expansion of granitic rocks: influence of apparent porosity, grain size and quartz content
journal, May 2004

Simulation of bulk-absorption thermal lensing in transmissive optics of gravitational waves detectors
journal, October 2003

Some mechanisms of microcrack growth and interaction in compressive rock failure
journal, June 1981

Flow structure and optical beam propagation in high-Reynolds-number gas-phase shear layers and jets
journal, April 2001

Correlation between Schmidt hardness, uniaxial compressive strength and Young’s modulus for andesites, basalts and tuffs
journal, April 2004

PDC Bit Selection Method Through the Analysis of Past Bit Performances
conference, October 1990

Porosity-permeability relationships in interlayered limestone-dolostone reservoirs
journal, January 2006

Stimulated Brillouin scattering in multimode fibers for optical phase conjugation
journal, July 2002

Wear characteristics of PDC pin and hybrid core bits in rock drilling
journal, September 1995

PDC Bit Selection Through Cost Prediction Estimates Using Crossplots and Sonic Log Data
conference, January 1993

Separating Bit and Lithology Effects from Drilling Mechanics Data
conference, January 1988

Peak-power limits on fiber amplifiers imposed by self-focusing
journal, January 2006

Vickers and Knoop hardness of electron beam deposited ZrC and HfC thin films on titanium
journal, April 2006

Spectral Gamma-Ray Logging in the Texas Austin Chalk Trend
journal, March 1980

A simple crack-extension criterion for time-dependent spallation
journal, April 1971

Rock removal using high-power lasers for petroleum exploitation purposes
conference, September 2002

Analysis of Efficient High-Power Fiber Lasers for Well Perforation
conference, January 2004

Effect of Downhole Pressure Conditions on High-Power Laser Perforation
conference, October 2005

PDC Bits: All Comes From the Cutter/Rock Interaction
conference, February 2006

Crack Arrest and Multiple Cracking in Glass Through the Use of Designed Residual Stress Profiles
journal, February 1999

Fluorescent dye penetrants applied to rock fractures
journal, March 1968

Dominant rock properties affecting the penetration rate of percussive drills
journal, July 2003

Knowledge Selection for Laser Drilling in the Oil and Gas Industry
conference, January 2005

Flow Visualization and Characteristics of a Coaxial Jet with a Tabbed Annular Nozzle
journal, January 2006

Leaky Modes in Weakly Guiding Fiber Acoustic Waveguides
journal, November 1986

A model for non-linear rock deformation under compression due to sub-critical crack growth
journal, November 1991

Analysis of Efficient High-Power Fiber Lasers for Well Perforation
conference, January 2004

Laser heating of sheet metal and thermal stress development
journal, November 2004

Prediction of thermal conductivity of rocks by soft computing
journal, May 2010

A dynamic damage growth model for uniaxial compressive response of rock aggregates
journal, May 2002

Reservoir Characterization of the Frontier Tight Gas Sand, Green River Basin, Wyoming
conference, January 1991

A Drilling Rate Model for Roller Cone Bits and Its Application
conference, January 2010

A micromechanical damage model for concrete
journal, January 1986

Thermal fatigue of particle reinforced metal–matrix composite induced by laser heating and mechanical load
journal, July 2005

PDC Drill Bit Design and Field Application Evolution
journal, March 1988

Effect of Downhole Pressure Conditions on High-Power Laser Perforation
conference, October 2005

Development of underwater laser cutting technique for steel and zircaloy for nuclear applications
journal, December 2010

Cutting Efficiency of a Single PDC Cutter on Hard Rock
journal, June 2009

The dynamic strength and fracture properties of dresser basalt
journal, May 1974

Seventeenth Canadian Geotechnical Colloquium: The effect of cohesion loss and stress path on brittle rock strength
journal, October 1997

Specific Ion Binding to Macromolecules: Effects of Hydrophobicity and Ion Pairing
journal, April 2008