Semiconductor liquid crystal composition and methods for making the same

Alivisatos, A. Paul; Li, Liang-shi

Title: Semiconductor liquid crystal composition and methods for making the same

Abstract

Semiconductor liquid crystal compositions and methods for making such compositions are disclosed. One embodiment of the invention is directed to a liquid crystal composition including a solvent and semiconductor particles in the solvent. The solvent and the semiconductor particles are in an effective amount in the liquid crystal composition to form a liquid crystal phase.

Inventors:: Alivisatos, A. Paul; Li, Liang-shi

Issue Date:: 2005-04-26

Research Org.:: Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1175328

Patent Number(s):: 6884478

Application Number:: 10/280,135

Assignee:: The Regents of the University of California (Oakland, CA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: C - CHEMISTRY C09 - DYES C09K - MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE

C - CHEMISTRY C30 - CRYSTAL GROWTH C30B - SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH

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C - CHEMISTRY C09 - DYES C09K - MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
C09K19/02 - characterised by optical, electrical or physical properties of the components, in general
C09K19/52 - characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives {with special physical aspect

C - CHEMISTRY C30 - CRYSTAL GROWTH C30B - SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH
C30B29/48 - AIIBVI compounds {wherein A is Zn, Cd or Hg, and B is S, Se or Te}
C30B29/605 - {Products containing multiple oriented crystallites, e.g. columnar crystallites}
C30B7/00 - Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions

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DOE Contract Number:: AC03-76SF00098

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

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                    Alivisatos, A. Paul, and Li, Liang-shi. Semiconductor liquid crystal composition and methods for making the same.  United States: N. p., 2005. 
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                    Alivisatos, A. Paul, & Li, Liang-shi. Semiconductor liquid crystal composition and methods for making the same.  United States.

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                    Alivisatos, A. Paul, and Li, Liang-shi. Tue .  
        "Semiconductor liquid crystal composition and methods for making the same".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1175328.

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@article{osti_1175328,

  title        = {Semiconductor liquid crystal composition and methods for making the same},

  author       = {Alivisatos, A. Paul and Li, Liang-shi},

  abstractNote = {Semiconductor liquid crystal compositions and methods for making such compositions are disclosed. One embodiment of the invention is directed to a liquid crystal composition including a solvent and semiconductor particles in the solvent. The solvent and the semiconductor particles are in an effective amount in the liquid crystal composition to form a liquid crystal phase.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2005},

  month        = {4}

}

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Solid State Communications, Vol. 107, Issue 11, p. 597-606
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-1098(98)00210-5

High efficiency polymer photodiodes
journal, June 1999

Granström, Magnus; Petritsch, Klaus; Arias, Ana Claudia
Synthetic Metals, Vol. 102, Issue 1-3, p. 957-958
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(98)00993-X

Photodiode performance and nanostructure of polythiophene/C₆₀ blends
journal, January 1997

Roman, Lucimara S.; Andersson, Mats R.; Yohannes, Teketel
Advanced Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 15, p. 1164-1168
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.19970091508

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Title: Semiconductor liquid crystal composition and methods for making the same

Abstract

Citation Formats

Quantum-Sized PbS, CdS, Ag2S, Sb2S3, and Bi2S3 Particles as Sensitizers for Various Nanoporous Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors journal, March 1994

Strain Evolution in Coherent Ge / Si Islands journal, February 2000

Self-Organization of CdSe Nanocrystallites into Three-Dimensional Quantum Dot Superlattices journal, November 1995

Dye-based donor/acceptor solar cells journal, February 2000

Structural and spectroscopic investigations of CdS/HgS/CdS quantum-dot quantum wells journal, May 1996

Fabrication and Characterization of the Plate-Shaped γ-Fe 2 O 3 Nanocrystals journal, March 2002

The electroluminescent and photodiode device made of a polymer blend journal, May 1996

Novel photoelectrochromic cells containing a polyaniline layer and a dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 photovoltaic cell journal, May 1998

Photoinduced Conversion of Silver Nanospheres to Nanoprisms journal, November 2001

Exciton diffusion and dissociation in a poly(p‐phenylenevinylene)/C60 heterojunction photovoltaic cell journal, May 1996

Reverse Micelle Based Formation of BaCO 3 Nanowires journal, May 1997

Interaction of Oxygen with Conjugated Polymers: Charge Transfer Complex Formation with Poly(3-alkylthiophenes) journal, May 1997

Total Alignment of Calcite at Acidic Polydiacetylene Films: Cooperativity at the Organic-Inorganic Interface journal, July 1995

Solid-state dye-sensitized mesoporous TiO2 solar cells with high photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies journal, October 1998

A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films journal, October 1991

Simple Criterion for Wurtzite-Zinc-Blende Polytypism in Semiconductors journal, October 1998

One-dimensional nanostructures: Chemistry, physics & applications journal, August 1998

Formation of High-Quality CdTe, CdSe, and CdS Nanocrystals Using CdO as Precursor journal, January 2001

Formation and Morphology of Calcium Sulfate Nanoparticles and Nanowires in Water-in-Oil Microemulsions journal, March 1999

Charge separation and transport in conjugated-polymer/semiconductor-nanocrystal composites studied by photoluminescence quenching and photoconductivity journal, December 1996

Photosensitization of Nanoporous TiO 2 Electrodes with InP Quantum Dots journal, June 1998

Nanocrystalline Thin-Film PV Cells journal, October 1993

Demonstrating Electron Transfer and Nanotechnology: A Natural Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline Energy Converter journal, June 1998

Characteristics of Poly( p-pyridyl vinylene)/Poly(3-alkylthiophene) Heterojunction Photocell journal, March 1997

Novel photovoltaic devices based on donor-acceptor molecular and conducting polymer systems journal, January 1997

Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Platinum Nanoparticles journal, June 1996

Efficient photodetectors and photovoltaic cells from composites of fullerenes and conjugated polymers: photoinduced electron transfer journal, January 1997

Photogeneration, charge transport, and photoconductivity of a novel PVK/CdS-nanocrystal polymer composite journal, July 1999

Self-Organized Discotic Liquid Crystals for High-Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics journal, August 2001

X-Ray and Crystallographic Studies of Plant Virus Preparations. iii journal, September 1941

Semiconductor Nanorod Liquid Crystals journal, June 2002

Molecular Rulers for Scaling Down Nanostructures journal, February 2001

Multiple liquid crystal phases of DNA at high concentrations journal, February 1988

Inorganic lyotropic liquid crystals journal, January 1998

Organization of 'nanocrystal molecules' using DNA journal, August 1996

Field-activated structural traps at organic pigment/metal interfaces causing photocurrent multiplication phenomena journal, November 1998

Shape control of CdSe nanocrystals journal, March 2000

Coupled synthesis and self-assembly of nanoparticles to give structures with controlled organization journal, November 1999

Surface derivatization and isolation of semiconductor cluster molecules journal, May 1988

Analysis of the photocurrent action spectra of MEH-PPV polymer photodiodes journal, March 1997

Imperfect Oriented Attachment: Dislocation Generation in Defect-Free Nanocrystals journal, August 1998

Large clusters and colloids. Metals in the embryonic state journal, December 1992

Phase transitions in lyotropic colloidal and polymer liquid crystals journal, August 1992

Epitaxial Growth of Zinc Oxide Whiskers by Chemical-Vapor Deposition under Atmospheric Pressure journal, May 1999

Nearly Monodisperse and Shape-Controlled CdSe Nanocrystals via Alternative Routes: Nucleation and Growth journal, April 2002

Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites journal, September 1993

Kinetics of II-VI and III-V Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystal Growth: “Focusing” of Size Distributions journal, June 1998

Semiconducting polymer diodes: Large size, low cost photodetectors with excellent visible‐ultraviolet sensitivity journal, June 1994

Solution-Liquid-Solid Growth of Crystalline III-V Semiconductors: An Analogy to Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth journal, December 1995

The photovoltaic response in poly(p-phenylene vinylene) thin-film devices journal, February 1994

Quantum size effects in nanocrystalline semiconducting titania layers prepared by anodic oxidative hydrolysis of titanium trichloride journal, September 1993

Charge- and energy-transfer processes at polymer/polymer interfaces: A joint experimental and theoretical study journal, August 1999

Laminated fabrication of polymeric photovoltaic diodes journal, September 1998

Control of Thickness and Orientation of Solution-Grown Silicon Nanowires journal, February 2000

Chemistry and Physics in One Dimension: Synthesis and Properties of Nanowires and Nanotubes journal, February 1999

Semiconducting superlattices templated by molecular assemblies journal, March 1996

The photovoltaic effect in a poly(p-phenylenevinylene)/perylene heterojunction journal, March 1997

Photoinduced electron transfer from conjugated polymers to CdSe nanocrystals journal, April 1999

Zinc oxide whiskers journal, November 1997

Simple Solution-Phase Synthesis of Soluble CdS and CdSe Nanorods journal, June 2000

Quantum crystallites and nonlinear optics journal, December 1991

Nanowire Nanosensors for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Biological and Chemical Species journal, August 2001

Two‐layer organic photovoltaic cell journal, January 1986

Structural and electronic properties of cubic, 2 H , 4 H , and 6 H SiC journal, February 1994

CdSe photovoltaic sintered films journal, November 1999

Dual‐function semiconducting polymer devices: Light‐emitting and photodetecting diodes journal, March 1994

Charge Recombination in Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Solar Cells journal, April 1997

Charge separation in localized and delocalized electronic states in polymeric semiconductors journal, April 1998

Improved efficiencies in light emitting diodes made with CdSe(CdS) core/shell type nanocrystals and a semiconducting polymer journal, December 1997

Spatially Resolved Visible Luminescence of Self-Assembled Semiconductor Quantum Dots journal, March 1995

Semiconductor Clusters, Nanocrystals, and Quantum Dots journal, February 1996

Crystal network formation in organic solar cells journal, February 2000

Charge separation and photovoltaic conversion in polymer composites with internal donor/acceptor heterojunctions journal, October 1995

Integrated Optoelectronic Devices Based on Conjugated Polymers journal, June 1998

Gold Nanorods: Electrochemical Synthesis and Optical Properties journal, August 1997

Control of the Shape of Copper Metallic Particles by Using a Colloidal System as Template journal, February 1997

Efficient organic photovoltaic diodes based on doped pentacene journal, January 2000

Quantum-Sized PbS, CdS, Ag₂S, Sb₂S₃, and Bi₂S₃ Particles as Sensitizers for Various Nanoporous Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors
journal, March 1994

Strain Evolution in Coherent $Ge / Si$ Islands
journal, February 2000

Self-Organization of CdSe Nanocrystallites into Three-Dimensional Quantum Dot Superlattices
journal, November 1995

Dye-based donor/acceptor solar cells
journal, February 2000

Structural and spectroscopic investigations of CdS/HgS/CdS quantum-dot quantum wells
journal, May 1996

Fabrication and Characterization of the Plate-Shaped γ-Fe ₂ O ₃ Nanocrystals
journal, March 2002

The electroluminescent and photodiode device made of a polymer blend
journal, May 1996

Novel photoelectrochromic cells containing a polyaniline layer and a dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO₂ photovoltaic cell
journal, May 1998

Photoinduced Conversion of Silver Nanospheres to Nanoprisms
journal, November 2001

Exciton diffusion and dissociation in a poly(p‐phenylenevinylene)/C₆₀ heterojunction photovoltaic cell
journal, May 1996

Reverse Micelle Based Formation of BaCO ₃ Nanowires
journal, May 1997

Interaction of Oxygen with Conjugated Polymers: Charge Transfer Complex Formation with Poly(3-alkylthiophenes)
journal, May 1997

Total Alignment of Calcite at Acidic Polydiacetylene Films: Cooperativity at the Organic-Inorganic Interface
journal, July 1995

Solid-state dye-sensitized mesoporous TiO2 solar cells with high photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies
journal, October 1998

A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO₂ films
journal, October 1991

Simple Criterion for Wurtzite-Zinc-Blende Polytypism in Semiconductors
journal, October 1998

One-dimensional nanostructures: Chemistry, physics & applications
journal, August 1998

Formation of High-Quality CdTe, CdSe, and CdS Nanocrystals Using CdO as Precursor
journal, January 2001

Formation and Morphology of Calcium Sulfate Nanoparticles and Nanowires in Water-in-Oil Microemulsions
journal, March 1999

Charge separation and transport in conjugated-polymer/semiconductor-nanocrystal composites studied by photoluminescence quenching and photoconductivity
journal, December 1996

Photosensitization of Nanoporous TiO ₂ Electrodes with InP Quantum Dots
journal, June 1998

Nanocrystalline Thin-Film PV Cells
journal, October 1993

Demonstrating Electron Transfer and Nanotechnology: A Natural Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline Energy Converter
journal, June 1998

Characteristics of Poly( p-pyridyl vinylene)/Poly(3-alkylthiophene) Heterojunction Photocell
journal, March 1997

Novel photovoltaic devices based on donor-acceptor molecular and conducting polymer systems
journal, January 1997

Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Platinum Nanoparticles
journal, June 1996

Efficient photodetectors and photovoltaic cells from composites of fullerenes and conjugated polymers: photoinduced electron transfer
journal, January 1997

Photogeneration, charge transport, and photoconductivity of a novel PVK/CdS-nanocrystal polymer composite
journal, July 1999

Self-Organized Discotic Liquid Crystals for High-Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics
journal, August 2001

X-Ray and Crystallographic Studies of Plant Virus Preparations. iii
journal, September 1941

Semiconductor Nanorod Liquid Crystals
journal, June 2002

Molecular Rulers for Scaling Down Nanostructures
journal, February 2001

Multiple liquid crystal phases of DNA at high concentrations
journal, February 1988

Inorganic lyotropic liquid crystals
journal, January 1998

Organization of 'nanocrystal molecules' using DNA
journal, August 1996

Field-activated structural traps at organic pigment/metal interfaces causing photocurrent multiplication phenomena
journal, November 1998

Shape control of CdSe nanocrystals
journal, March 2000

Coupled synthesis and self-assembly of nanoparticles to give structures with controlled organization
journal, November 1999

Surface derivatization and isolation of semiconductor cluster molecules
journal, May 1988

Analysis of the photocurrent action spectra of MEH-PPV polymer photodiodes
journal, March 1997

Imperfect Oriented Attachment: Dislocation Generation in Defect-Free Nanocrystals
journal, August 1998

Large clusters and colloids. Metals in the embryonic state
journal, December 1992

Phase transitions in lyotropic colloidal and polymer liquid crystals
journal, August 1992

Epitaxial Growth of Zinc Oxide Whiskers by Chemical-Vapor Deposition under Atmospheric Pressure
journal, May 1999

Nearly Monodisperse and Shape-Controlled CdSe Nanocrystals via Alternative Routes: Nucleation and Growth
journal, April 2002

Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites
journal, September 1993

Kinetics of II-VI and III-V Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystal Growth: “Focusing” of Size Distributions
journal, June 1998

Semiconducting polymer diodes: Large size, low cost photodetectors with excellent visible‐ultraviolet sensitivity
journal, June 1994

Solution-Liquid-Solid Growth of Crystalline III-V Semiconductors: An Analogy to Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth
journal, December 1995

The photovoltaic response in poly(p-phenylene vinylene) thin-film devices
journal, February 1994

Quantum size effects in nanocrystalline semiconducting titania layers prepared by anodic oxidative hydrolysis of titanium trichloride
journal, September 1993

Charge- and energy-transfer processes at polymer/polymer interfaces: A joint experimental and theoretical study
journal, August 1999

Laminated fabrication of polymeric photovoltaic diodes
journal, September 1998

Control of Thickness and Orientation of Solution-Grown Silicon Nanowires
journal, February 2000

Chemistry and Physics in One Dimension: Synthesis and Properties of Nanowires and Nanotubes
journal, February 1999

Semiconducting superlattices templated by molecular assemblies
journal, March 1996

The photovoltaic effect in a poly(p-phenylenevinylene)/perylene heterojunction
journal, March 1997

Photoinduced electron transfer from conjugated polymers to CdSe nanocrystals
journal, April 1999

Zinc oxide whiskers
journal, November 1997

Simple Solution-Phase Synthesis of Soluble CdS and CdSe Nanorods
journal, June 2000

Quantum crystallites and nonlinear optics
journal, December 1991

Nanowire Nanosensors for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Biological and Chemical Species
journal, August 2001

Two‐layer organic photovoltaic cell
journal, January 1986

Structural and electronic properties of cubic, 2 H , 4 H , and 6 H SiC
journal, February 1994

CdSe photovoltaic sintered films
journal, November 1999

Dual‐function semiconducting polymer devices: Light‐emitting and photodetecting diodes
journal, March 1994

Charge Recombination in Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO ₂ Solar Cells
journal, April 1997

Charge separation in localized and delocalized electronic states in polymeric semiconductors
journal, April 1998

Improved efficiencies in light emitting diodes made with CdSe(CdS) core/shell type nanocrystals and a semiconducting polymer
journal, December 1997

Spatially Resolved Visible Luminescence of Self-Assembled Semiconductor Quantum Dots
journal, March 1995

Semiconductor Clusters, Nanocrystals, and Quantum Dots
journal, February 1996

Crystal network formation in organic solar cells
journal, February 2000

Charge separation and photovoltaic conversion in polymer composites with internal donor/acceptor heterojunctions
journal, October 1995

Integrated Optoelectronic Devices Based on Conjugated Polymers
journal, June 1998

Gold Nanorods: Electrochemical Synthesis and Optical Properties
journal, August 1997

Control of the Shape of Copper Metallic Particles by Using a Colloidal System as Template
journal, February 1997

Efficient organic photovoltaic diodes based on doped pentacene
journal, January 2000

Synthesis and Magnetic Studies of Uniform Iron Nanorods and Nanospheres
journal, September 2000

Hybrid organic–inorganic photovoltaïc junctions: case of the all thin-film CdSe/poly(3-methylthiophene) junction
journal, April 1998

Band Gap Variation of Size- and Shape-Controlled Colloidal CdSe Quantum Rods
journal, July 2001