Title: Lyotropic liquid crystalline L3 phase silicated nanoporous monolithic composites and their production

Abstract

A mesoporous ceramic material is provided having a pore size diameter in the range of about 10-100 nanometers produced by templating with a ceramic precursor a lyotropic liquid crystalline L.sub.3 phase consisting of a three-dimensional, random, nonperiodic network packing of a multiple connected continuous membrane. A preferred process for producing the inesoporous ceramic material includes producing a template of a lyotropic liquid crystalline L.sub.3 phase by mixing a surfactant, a co-surfactant and hydrochloric acid, coating the template with an inorganic ceramic precursor by adding to the L.sub.3 phase tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) or tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and then converting the coated template to a ceramic by removing any remaining liquids.

Inventors:

McGrath, Kathryn M.; Dabbs, Daniel M.; Aksay, Ilhan A.; Gruner, Sol M.

Issue Date:

2003-10-28

Research Org.:

Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1174549

Patent Number(s):

6638885

Application Number:

09/424,029

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University (Princeton, NJ)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01G - CAPACITORS

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

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H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01G - CAPACITORS

H01G4/12 - Ceramic dielectrics {

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/13 - Ultracapacitors, supercapacitors, double-layer capacitors

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28014 - {characterised by their form}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B37/02 - Crystalline silica-polymorphs, e.g. silicalites {dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolites}

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B35/14 - based on silica

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01P - INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2006/16 - Pore diameter

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B82 - NANOTECHNOLOGY B82Y - SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES

B82Y30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28042 - {Shaped bodies
B01J20/28097 - {being coated, filled or plugged with specific compounds}
B01J2220/54 - Sorbents specially adapted for analytical or investigative chromatography

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B2235/3418 - Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint

G - PHYSICS G01 - MEASURING G01N - INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

G01N30/482 - {Solid sorbents}

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B2111/0081 - {as catalysts or catalyst carriers}
C04B2235/3239 - Vanadium oxides, vanadates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. magnesium vanadate

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28023 - {Fibres or filaments

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01P - INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/64 - Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B38/0032 - {one of the precursor materials being a monolithic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a paper sheet which after carbonisation will react with silicon to form a porous silicon carbide porous body}

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION

B01D15/08 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B2235/3232 - Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/10 - comprising silica or silicate

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M4/5825 - {Oxygenated metallic slats or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines}
H01M10/0472 - {Vertically superposed cells with vertically disposed plates}

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B35/62655 - {Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01P - INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2006/17 - Pore diameter distribution

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B2235/77 - Density

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28078 - {Pore diameter}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01P - INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/10 - extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B35/62231 - {based on oxide ceramics}
C04B2235/441 - Alkoxides, e.g. methoxide, tert-butoxide

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01G - CAPACITORS

H01G4/1218 - {based on titanium oxides or titanates

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M4/80 - Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28085 - {being more than 50 nm, i.e. macropores}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01G - COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F

C01G23/053 - Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B35/62259 - {Fibres based on titanium oxide}
C04B35/6224 - {Fibres based on silica}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M4/667 - {in the form of layers, e.g. coatings}

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28083 - {being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores}

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B2235/483 - Si-containing organic compounds, e.g. silicone resins,
C04B2235/5284 - Hollow fibers, e.g. nanotubes

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M4/664 - {Ceramic materials}

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B35/62844 - {Coating fibres}
C04B35/624 - Sol-gel processing

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28009 - {Magnetic properties}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B37/00 - Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01G - CAPACITORS

H01G9/155 - {Double-layer capacitors}

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B2235/5409 - expressed by specific surface values

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B33/1585 - {Dehydration into aerogels}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01P - INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/04 - obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/10 - Energy storage

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J20/28033 - {Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B37/005 - {Silicates, i.e. so-called metallosilicalites or metallozeosilites}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01G - COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F

C01G31/02 - Oxides

C - CHEMISTRY C04 - CEMENTS C04B - LIME, MAGNESIA

C04B35/62645 - {Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering}
C04B38/0045 - {by a process involving the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. sol-gel or precipitation processes}

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DOE Contract Number:  

FG02-87ER60522

Resource Type:

Patent

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE