Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction

Wiedmeyer, Stanley G; Barnes, Laurel A; Williamson, Mark A; Willit, James L

Title: Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction

Abstract

Modular anode assemblies are used in electrolytic oxide reduction systems for scalable reduced metal production via electrolysis. Assemblies include a channel frame connected to several anode rods extending into an electrolyte. An electrical system powers the rods while being insulated from the channel frame. A cooling system removes heat from anode rods and the electrical system. An anode guard attaches to the channel frame to prevent accidental electrocution or damage during handling or repositioning. Each anode rod may be divided into upper and lower sections to permit easy repair and swapping out of lower sections. The modular assemblies may have standardized components to permit placement at multiple points within a reducing system. Example methods may operate an electrolytic oxide reduction system by positioning the modular anode assemblies in the reduction system and applying electrical power to the plurality of anode assemblies.

Inventors:: Wiedmeyer, Stanley G; Barnes, Laurel A; Williamson, Mark A; Willit, James L

Issue Date:: 2015-02-17

Research Org.:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1170386

Patent Number(s):: 8956524

Application Number:: 12/977,916

Assignee:: GE-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas LLC (Wilmington, NC)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: C - CHEMISTRY C25 - ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES C25C - PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS

G - PHYSICS G21 - NUCLEAR PHYSICS G21C - NUCLEAR REACTORS

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C - CHEMISTRY C25 - ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES C25C - PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS
C25C7/005 - {of cells for the electrolysis of melts

G - PHYSICS G21 - NUCLEAR PHYSICS G21C - NUCLEAR REACTORS
G21C19/48 - Non-aqueous processes

G - PHYSICS G21 - NUCLEAR PHYSICS G21F - PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT
G21F9/30 - Processing

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E30/30 - Nuclear fission reactors

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02W - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
Y02W30/50 - Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

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DOE Contract Number:: ACO2-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats


                    Wiedmeyer, Stanley G, Barnes, Laurel A, Williamson, Mark A, and Willit, James L. Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
        Web.

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                    Wiedmeyer, Stanley G, Barnes, Laurel A, Williamson, Mark A, & Willit, James L. Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction.  United States.

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                    Wiedmeyer, Stanley G, Barnes, Laurel A, Williamson, Mark A, and Willit, James L. Tue .  
        "Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1170386.

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@article{osti_1170386,

  title        = {Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction},

  author       = {Wiedmeyer, Stanley G and Barnes, Laurel A and Williamson, Mark A and Willit, James L},

  abstractNote = {Modular anode assemblies are used in electrolytic oxide reduction systems for scalable reduced metal production via electrolysis. Assemblies include a channel frame connected to several anode rods extending into an electrolyte. An electrical system powers the rods while being insulated from the channel frame. A cooling system removes heat from anode rods and the electrical system. An anode guard attaches to the channel frame to prevent accidental electrocution or damage during handling or repositioning. Each anode rod may be divided into upper and lower sections to permit easy repair and swapping out of lower sections. The modular assemblies may have standardized components to permit placement at multiple points within a reducing system. Example methods may operate an electrolytic oxide reduction system by positioning the modular anode assemblies in the reduction system and applying electrical power to the plurality of anode assemblies.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2015},

  month        = {2}

}

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Title: Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction

Abstract

Citation Formats

Conveyer patent, February 1890

Electrode and Electrode Connection patent, October 1900

Conveyor patent, August 1937

Fused Salt Electrolysis Cell patent, March 1940

Anodes for Electrowinning of Manganese patent, October 1956

Conveyor for Handling Pulverized Uranium patent, July 1957

Refining Titanium-Vanadium Alloys patent, November 1959

Blade Electrode Assembly patent, January 1961

Molten Steel Slag Handling Process and Apparatus patent, September 1970

Cathode Handling Equipment patent, February 1971

Steel Slag Handling System and Method for Using patent, February 1972

Apparatus to Support the Electrodes and Bus Bars in an Electrolytic Cell patent, October 1972

Electrolytic cell patent, August 1976

Multiple plate assembly for forming electrical connector or switch patent, March 1977

Conveyor drop structure patent, May 1977

Process and apparatus for the recovery of particulate crystalline product from an electrolysis system patent, May 1977

Electrowinning metals patent, August 1977

Electrolytic production of magnesium patent, February 1978

Viscid material conveyor patent, April 1979

Ultrasonic soldering bath having an ultrasonic probe extending into the solder bath patent, May 1980

Grab mechanism patent, April 1982

Boiler apparatus patent, March 1984

Method and apparatus for electrodeposition of materials patent, January 1985

Hall cell patent, August 1986

Method and apparatus for acid mist reduction patent, May 1987

Apparatus for hanging and handling plate members patent, July 1989

Waste metal extraction apparatus patent, September 1989

Electrorefining process and apparatus for recovery of uranium and a mixture of uranium and plutonium from spent fuels patent, November 1989

Residue removal system for a conveyor assembly patent, August 1990

Method and cell for the electrolytic production of a polyvalent metal patent, May 1991

Process and apparatus for low temperature electrolysis of oxides patent, May 1995

Method of removal of heavy metal from molten salt in IFR fuel pyroprocessing patent, October 1995

Advanced electrorefiner design patent, July 1996

Electroseparation of actinide and rare earth metals patent, December 1996

Device and method for recovering and cooling the molten core of a nuclear reactor patent, November 1997

Process and apparatus for desilvering a silver-containing solution patent, June 1998

Ventilation system for electrolytic cell patent, January 1999

Multi-polar cell for the recovery of a metal by electrolysis of a molten electrolyte patent, August 1999

Self-cleaning inclined section for drag conveyor patent, November 2000

Direct electrochemical reduction of metal-oxides patent, April 2003

Nuclear fuel electrorefiner patent, February 2004

Device for conveying electrodes used in the electrolytic refining or electrowinning of metals patent, November 2004

Electrolytic cell for production of aluminum from alumina patent, March 2005

U+4 generation in HTER patent, March 2006

Method of reducing spent oxide nuclear fuel into nuclear-fuel metal using LiCl-Li2O salt, cathode electrode assembly used in the method, and reduction device including the assembly patent, August 2006

Continuous process electrorefiner patent, August 2006

Bus joint assembly patent, November 2008

Bus bar assembly patent, July 2009

Uranium dioxide electrolysis patent, December 2009

Porous membrane electrochemical cell for uranium and transuranic recovery from molten salt electrolyte patent, September 2010

Switch arrangement for an electrical switchgear patent, August 2012

Method of reducing spent oxide nuclear fuel into nuclear-fuel metal using LiCl-Li2O salt, cathode electrode assembly used in the method, and reduction device including the assembly patent-application, January 2004

Advanced high-throughput electrorefiner design patent-application, July 2004

Methods for electrically forming materials patent-application, September 2004

High purity electrolytic copper and its production method patent-application, March 2005

Three-electrode metal oxide reduction cell patent-application, September 2005

Bridging member for electrical terminals patent-application, October 2005

Communication system, base station apparatus, server apparatus, mobile station apparatus, and transmission data amount determining method patent-application, March 2006

Electrolysis process and cell for use in same patent-application, May 2006

Electrocoagulation system patent-application, May 2006

Electrical connector bridge arrangement with release means patent-application, April 2007

Anode Support Apparatus patent-application, December 2007

Electrolytic Apparatus for Molten Salt patent-application, June 2008

Apparatus For Recovery Metal patent-application, June 2008

Fluid dynamic bearing with axial preload patent-application, June 2008

High Current Density Cathode for ELectrorefining in Molten Electrolyte patent-application, February 2009

Double Bar Insulator Assembly for Electrowinning of a Metal and Methods of Use Thereof patent-application, June 2009

Tensioning device for drag conveyor patent-application, November 2010

Electrolysis Apparatus and Related Devices and Methods patent-application, April 2011

High-Throughput Electrorefiner for Recovery of U and U/TRU Product From Spent Fuel patent-application, July 2011

Physico-chemical analyses and solidification path reconstruction of multi-component oxidic spread melts journal, February 2001

Cerium, uranium, and plutonium behavior in glass-bonded sodalite, a ceramic nuclear waste form journal, May 2000

Electrolytic production of metallic uranium from U3O8 in a 20-kg batch scale reactor journal, May 2006

Conveyer
patent, February 1890

Electrode and Electrode Connection
patent, October 1900

Conveyor
patent, August 1937

Fused Salt Electrolysis Cell
patent, March 1940

Anodes for Electrowinning of Manganese
patent, October 1956

Conveyor for Handling Pulverized Uranium
patent, July 1957

Refining Titanium-Vanadium Alloys
patent, November 1959

Blade Electrode Assembly
patent, January 1961

Molten Steel Slag Handling Process and Apparatus
patent, September 1970

Cathode Handling Equipment
patent, February 1971

Steel Slag Handling System and Method for Using
patent, February 1972

Apparatus to Support the Electrodes and Bus Bars in an Electrolytic Cell
patent, October 1972

Electrolytic cell
patent, August 1976

Multiple plate assembly for forming electrical connector or switch
patent, March 1977

Conveyor drop structure
patent, May 1977

Process and apparatus for the recovery of particulate crystalline product from an electrolysis system
patent, May 1977

Electrowinning metals
patent, August 1977

Electrolytic production of magnesium
patent, February 1978

Viscid material conveyor
patent, April 1979

Ultrasonic soldering bath having an ultrasonic probe extending into the solder bath
patent, May 1980

Grab mechanism
patent, April 1982

Boiler apparatus
patent, March 1984

Method and apparatus for electrodeposition of materials
patent, January 1985

Hall cell
patent, August 1986

Method and apparatus for acid mist reduction
patent, May 1987

Apparatus for hanging and handling plate members
patent, July 1989

Waste metal extraction apparatus
patent, September 1989

Electrorefining process and apparatus for recovery of uranium and a mixture of uranium and plutonium from spent fuels
patent, November 1989

Residue removal system for a conveyor assembly
patent, August 1990

Method and cell for the electrolytic production of a polyvalent metal
patent, May 1991

Process and apparatus for low temperature electrolysis of oxides
patent, May 1995

Method of removal of heavy metal from molten salt in IFR fuel pyroprocessing
patent, October 1995

Advanced electrorefiner design
patent, July 1996

Electroseparation of actinide and rare earth metals
patent, December 1996

Device and method for recovering and cooling the molten core of a nuclear reactor
patent, November 1997

Process and apparatus for desilvering a silver-containing solution
patent, June 1998

Ventilation system for electrolytic cell
patent, January 1999

Multi-polar cell for the recovery of a metal by electrolysis of a molten electrolyte
patent, August 1999

Self-cleaning inclined section for drag conveyor
patent, November 2000

Direct electrochemical reduction of metal-oxides
patent, April 2003

Nuclear fuel electrorefiner
patent, February 2004

Device for conveying electrodes used in the electrolytic refining or electrowinning of metals
patent, November 2004

Electrolytic cell for production of aluminum from alumina
patent, March 2005

U+4 generation in HTER
patent, March 2006

Method of reducing spent oxide nuclear fuel into nuclear-fuel metal using LiCl-Li2O salt, cathode electrode assembly used in the method, and reduction device including the assembly
patent, August 2006

Continuous process electrorefiner
patent, August 2006

Bus joint assembly
patent, November 2008

Bus bar assembly
patent, July 2009

Uranium dioxide electrolysis
patent, December 2009

Porous membrane electrochemical cell for uranium and transuranic recovery from molten salt electrolyte
patent, September 2010

Switch arrangement for an electrical switchgear
patent, August 2012

Method of reducing spent oxide nuclear fuel into nuclear-fuel metal using LiCl-Li2O salt, cathode electrode assembly used in the method, and reduction device including the assembly
patent-application, January 2004

Advanced high-throughput electrorefiner design
patent-application, July 2004

Methods for electrically forming materials
patent-application, September 2004

High purity electrolytic copper and its production method
patent-application, March 2005

Three-electrode metal oxide reduction cell
patent-application, September 2005

Bridging member for electrical terminals
patent-application, October 2005

Communication system, base station apparatus, server apparatus, mobile station apparatus, and transmission data amount determining method
patent-application, March 2006

Electrolysis process and cell for use in same
patent-application, May 2006

Electrocoagulation system
patent-application, May 2006

Electrical connector bridge arrangement with release means
patent-application, April 2007

Anode Support Apparatus
patent-application, December 2007

Electrolytic Apparatus for Molten Salt
patent-application, June 2008

Apparatus For Recovery Metal
patent-application, June 2008

Fluid dynamic bearing with axial preload
patent-application, June 2008

High Current Density Cathode for ELectrorefining in Molten Electrolyte
patent-application, February 2009

Double Bar Insulator Assembly for Electrowinning of a Metal and Methods of Use Thereof
patent-application, June 2009

Tensioning device for drag conveyor
patent-application, November 2010

Electrolysis Apparatus and Related Devices and Methods
patent-application, April 2011

High-Throughput Electrorefiner for Recovery of U and U/TRU Product From Spent Fuel
patent-application, July 2011

Physico-chemical analyses and solidification path reconstruction of multi-component oxidic spread melts
journal, February 2001

Cerium, uranium, and plutonium behavior in glass-bonded sodalite, a ceramic nuclear waste form
journal, May 2000

Electrolytic production of metallic uranium from U₃O₈ in a 20-kg batch scale reactor
journal, May 2006