Water reactive hydrogen fuel cell power system

Title: Water reactive hydrogen fuel cell power system

A water reactive hydrogen fueled power system includes devices and methods to combine reactant fuel materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen is converted in a fuel cell to provide electricity. The water reactive hydrogen fueled power system includes a fuel cell, a water feed tray, and a fuel cartridge to generate power for portable power electronics. The removable fuel cartridge is encompassed by the water feed tray and fuel cell. The water feed tray is refillable with water by a user. The water is then transferred from the water feed tray into the fuel cartridge to generate hydrogen for the fuel cell which then produces power for the user.

Inventors:: Wallace, Andrew P; Melack, John M; Lefenfeld, Michael

Issue Date:: 2014-11-25

OSTI Identifier:: 1164351

Assignee:: Intelligent Energy Limited (Loughborough, GB) GFO

Patent Number(s):: 8,895,204

Application Number:: 13/761,468

Contract Number:: FG36-08GO88108

Research Org:: Intelligent Energy Limited, Loughborough, GB (England)

Sponsoring Org:: USDOE

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION; 08 HYDROGEN; 24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION

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URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6191059

Carbonyl iron silicide powder
patent, October 2001

Schlegel, Reinhold; Friedrich, Gabriele
US Patent Document 6,309,620
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6309620

Method for generation of hydrogen gas
patent, March 2002

Suda, Seijirau
US Patent Document 6,358,488
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6358488

Porous aluminum oxide structures and processes for their production
patent, June 2002

Krell, Andreas; Buse, Frank; Ma, Hongwei
US Patent Document 6,399,528
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6399528

Process for producing alkenyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons
patent, June 2002

Yamamoto, Michio; Suzukamo, Gohfu
US Patent Document 6,403,852
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6403852

Method of making silicon clathrates
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Gryko, Jan
US Patent Document 6,423,286
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6423286

Mesoporous composite gels an aerogels
patent, December 2002

Rolison, Debra; Morris, Catherine; Anderson, Michelle
US Patent Document 6,492,014
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6492014

A system for generating and consuming borohydride ions comprising two electrochemical cells. At least one of the cells is configured for installation on a vehicle that is propelled by electricity
patent, December 2002

Amendola, Steven
US Patent Document 6,497,973
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6497973

System for hydrogen generation
patent, March 2003

Amendola, Steven; Binder, Michael; Sharp-Goldman, Stefanie
US Patent Document 6,534,033
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6534033

Portable chemical hydrogen hydride system
patent, April 2003

Hockaday, Robert; Turner, Patrick; DeJohn, Marc
US Patent Document 6,544,400
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6544400

Process for producing 2-vinylcyclododecanone
patent, April 2003

Yamamoto, Kenichi; Yagi, Misao; Hagiwara, Toshimitsu
US Patent Document 6,548,711
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6548711

Aldol condensation
patent, July 2003

Kelly, Gordon
US Patent Document 6,586,636
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6586636

Aldol condensation reaction and catalyst therefor
patent, March 2004

Kelly, Gordon
US Patent Document 6,706,928
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6706928

Mobile hydrogen generation and supply system
patent, June 2004

Cohen, Joseph; Copeman, Tama
US Patent Document 6,745,801
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6745801

Compact solid source of hydrogen gas
patent, June 2004

Kravitz, Stanley; Hecht, Andrew; Sylwester, Alan
US Patent Document 6,746,496
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6746496

Accelerated hydrogen generation through reactive mixing of two or more fluids
patent, November 2004

Tsang, Joseph
US Patent Document 6,818,334
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6818334

Method of generating hydrogen by reaction of borohydrides and hydrates
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Jorgensen, Scott
US Patent Document 6,821,499
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6821499

Hydrogen station loading control unit, vehicle onboard terminal unit, hydrogen station, method for controlling hydrogen station loading
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Kami, Yozo
US Patent Document 6,901,302
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6901302

Apparatus for delivering the power status data of a smart battery
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Kuo, Hubert; Cho, Yu-Bin
US Patent Document 6,904,533
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6904533

Portable hydrogen generator
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Amendola, Steven; Petillo, Phillip; Petillo, Stephen
US Patent Document 6,932,847
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6932847

Self-regulating hydrogen generator
patent, September 2005

Strizki, Michael; Shah, Shailesh
US Patent Document 6,939,529
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F6939529

Storage, generation, and use of hydrogen
patent, May 2006

McClaine, Andrew; Rolfe, Jonathan; Larsen, Christopher
US Patent Document 7,052,671
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7052671

Hydrogen generators for fuel cells
patent, July 2006

Rosenfeld, Oren; Goldstein, Jonathan
US Patent Document 7,074,509
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7074509

System for hydrogen generation
patent, August 2006

Mohring, Richard; Strizki, Michael
US Patent Document 7,083,657
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7083657

Hydrogen gas generation system
patent, September 2006

Strizki, Michael; Mohring, Richard
US Patent Document 7,105,033
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7105033

Hydrogen storage compositions and methods of manufacture thereof
patent, October 2006

Zhao, Ji-Cheng; Lemmon, John
US Patent Document 7,115,244
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7115244

Silica gel compositions containing alkali metals and alkali metal alloys
patent, May 2007

Lefenfeld, Michael; Dye, James
US Patent Document 7,211,539
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7211539

Fuel cell power and management system, and technique for controlling and/or operating same
patent, September 2007

Dunn, Glenn; Getchel, Paul; MacGregor, Duncan
US Patent Document 7,271,567
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7271567

System for generating electricity from a chemical hydride
patent, January 2010

Shurtleff, Kevin; Ladd, Eric; Patton, John
US Patent Document 7,648,786
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7648786

Silicide fueled power generators and methods related thereto
patent, March 2010

Eickhoff, Steven; Nielsen, David
US Patent Document 7,670,698
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7670698

Silicide compositions containing alkali metals and methods of making the same
patent, October 2010

Lefenfeld, Michael; Dye, James
US Patent Document 7,811,541
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN%2F7811541

Hydrogen-powered energy-producing device and system for continous production of hydrogen
patent-application, July 2002

Getty, John Paul; Woodward, Jonathan
US Patent Application 09/808507; 20020090539
URL: http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220020090539%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020090539&RS=DN/20020090539

Hydrogen Energy Systems
patent-application, February 2007

Bartel, Brian G.
US Patent Application 11/465707; 20070039815
URL: http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070039815%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070039815&RS=DN/20070039815

HYDROGEN GENERATION SYSTEMS UTILIZING SODIUM SILICIDE AND SODIUM SILICA GEL MATERIALS
patent-application, September 2010

Wallace, Andrew P.; Melack, John M.; Lefenfeld, Michael
US Patent Application \t12/750527; 20100247426
URL: http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100247426%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100247426&RS=DN/20100247426

FUEL CELL SYSTEM TO POWER A PORTABLE COMPUTING DEVICE
patent-application, December 2011

Spare, Bradley L.; Iyer, Vijay M.
US Patent Application \t12/849558; 20110311895
URL: http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220110311895%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20110311895&RS=DN/20110311895

FUEL CELL SYSTEM COUPLED TO A PORTABLE COMPUTING DEVICE
patent-application, December 2011

Iyer, Vijay M.; Spare, Bradley L.
US Patent Application 13/096877; 20110313589
URL: http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220110313589%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20110313589&RS=DN/20110313589

NMR studies of Na atoms in silicon clathrate compounds
journal, August 1996

Gryko, Jan; McMillan, Paul F.; Sankey, Otto F.
Physical Review B, Vol. 54, Issue 5, p. 3037-3039
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.3037

NMR and X-ray Spectroscopy of Sodium−Silicon Clathrates
journal, May 2001

He, Jiliang; Klug, Dennis D.; Uehara, Kentaro
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 105, Issue 17, p. 3475-3485
DOI: 10.1021/jp010255e

Geometric and electronic structures of silicon–sodium binary clusters. I. Ionization energy of Si_nNa_m
journal, August 1997

Kishi, Reiko; Iwata, Suehiro; Nakajima, Atsushi
The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 107, Issue 8, p. 3056-3070
DOI: 10.1063/1.474661

A versatile low temperature synthetic route to Zintl phase precursors: Na₄Si₄, Na₄Ge₄ and K₄Ge₄ as examples
journal, January 2009

Ma, Xuchu; Xu, Fen; Atkins, Tonya M.
Dalton Transactions, Vol. 0, Issue 46, p. 10250-10255
DOI: 10.1039/B913320H

NMR Study of the Synthesis of Alkyl-Terminated Silicon Nanoparticles from the Reaction of SiCl₄ with the Zintl Salt, NaSi
journal, March 2001

Mayeri, Daniel; Phillips, Brian L.; Augustine, Matthew P.
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 3, p. 765-770
DOI: 10.1021/cm000418w

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