Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor

Cortright, Randy D; Rozmiarek, Robert T; Hornemann, Charles C

Title: Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor

Abstract

Reactor systems and methods are provided for the catalytic conversion of liquid feedstocks to synthesis gases and other noncondensable gaseous products. The reactor systems include a heat exchange reactor configured to allow the liquid feedstock and gas product to flow concurrently in a downflow direction. The reactor systems and methods are particularly useful for producing hydrogen and light hydrocarbons from biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons using aqueous phase reforming. The generated gases may find used as a fuel source for energy generation via PEM fuel cells, solid-oxide fuel cells, internal combustion engines, or gas turbine gensets, or used in other chemical processes to produce additional products. The gaseous products may also be collected for later use or distribution.

Inventors:: Cortright, Randy D; Rozmiarek, Robert T; Hornemann, Charles C

Issue Date:: 2014-09-16

Research Org.:: Virent, Inc., Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1159836

Patent Number(s):: 8834587

Application Number:: 13/539,861

Assignee:: Virent, Inc. (Madison, WI)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY
B01J2208/00212 - Plates
B01J2208/00221 - comprising baffles for guiding the flow of the heat exchange medium
B01J2208/00504 - by means of a burner
B01J2208/0053 - Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
B01J2208/00539 - Pressure
B01J2208/00672 - Particle size selection
B01J2208/025 - Two or more types of catalyst
B01J8/025 - {in a cylindrical shaped bed}
B01J8/065 - {Feeding reactive fluids}
B01J8/067 - {Heating or cooling the reactor

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS
C01B2203/0233 - the reforming step being a steam reforming step
C01B2203/066 - with fuel cells
C01B2203/0805 - Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
C01B2203/0833 - Heating by indirect heat exchange with hot fluids, other than combustion gases, product gases or non-combustive exothermic reaction product gases
C01B2203/1041 - Composition of the catalyst
C01B2203/1058 - Nickel catalysts
C01B2203/1064 - Platinum group metal catalysts
C01B2203/107 - Platinum catalysts
C01B2203/1211 - Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
C01B2203/84 - Energy production
C01B3/323 - {Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/32 - Hydrogen storage

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
Y02P20/52 - using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Y02P30/20 - Bio-feedstock

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DOE Contract Number:: FG36-05GO15046

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS

Citation Formats


                    Cortright, Randy D, Rozmiarek, Robert T, and Hornemann, Charles C. Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
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                    Cortright, Randy D, Rozmiarek, Robert T, & Hornemann, Charles C. Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor.  United States.

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                    Cortright, Randy D, Rozmiarek, Robert T, and Hornemann, Charles C. Tue .  
        "Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1159836.

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@article{osti_1159836,

  title        = {Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor},

  author       = {Cortright, Randy D and Rozmiarek, Robert T and Hornemann, Charles C},

  abstractNote = {Reactor systems and methods are provided for the catalytic conversion of liquid feedstocks to synthesis gases and other noncondensable gaseous products. The reactor systems include a heat exchange reactor configured to allow the liquid feedstock and gas product to flow concurrently in a downflow direction. The reactor systems and methods are particularly useful for producing hydrogen and light hydrocarbons from biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons using aqueous phase reforming. The generated gases may find used as a fuel source for energy generation via PEM fuel cells, solid-oxide fuel cells, internal combustion engines, or gas turbine gensets, or used in other chemical processes to produce additional products. The gaseous products may also be collected for later use or distribution.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2014},

  month        = {9}

}

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Process for reforming hydrocarbon
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Fukunaga, Tetsuya
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Catalyst, method of making, and reactions using the catalyst
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Tonkovich, Anna Lee; Wang, Yong; Gao, Yufei
US Patent Document 6,762,149
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Synthesis of lower alkylene oxides and lower alkylene glycols from lower alkanes and/or lower alkenes
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Bhasin, Madan M.; King, Stephen W.
US Patent Document 6,765,101
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Hydrogenolysis of 6-carbon sugars and other organic compounds
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Werpy, Todd; Frye, Jr., John G.; Zacher, Alan H.
US Patent Document 6,841,085
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Low-temperature hydrocarbon production from oxygenated hydrocarbons
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Cortright, Randy D.; Dumesic, James A.
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Low-temperature hydrogen production from oxygenated hydrocarbons
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Cortright, Randy D.; Dumesic, James A.
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Low-temperature hydrogen production from oxygenated hydrocarbons
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Cortright, Randy D.; Dumesic, James A.
US Patent Document 6,964,758
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Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions
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Tonkovich, Anna Lee; Roberts, Gary; Perry, Steven T.
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Methods of producing compounds from plant material
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Werpy, Todd; Schmidt, Andrew J.; Frye, Jr., John G.
US Patent Document 6,982,328
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Method for the production of sorbit
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Vanoppen, Dominic; Maas-Brunner, Melanie; Kammel, Ulrich
US Patent Document 7,022,824
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Hydrogenolysis of 5-carbon sugars, sugar alcohols, and methods of making propylene glycol
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Werpy, Todd; Frye, Jr., John G.; Zacher, Alan H.
US Patent Document 7,038,094
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Multiple bed downflow reactor
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Van Der Meer, Jurjen; Zonnevylle, Marjanne
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Textured catalysts and methods of making textured catalysts
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Werpy, Todd; Frye, Jr., John G.; Wang, Yong
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Process for producing cyclic compounds
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Werpy, Todd; Frye, Jr., John G.; White, James F.
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Process for producing a hydrocarbon component of biological origin
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Jakkula, Juha; Niemi, Vesa; Nikkonen, Jouko
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Process for the production of gasoline stocks
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Bakshi, Amarjit S.; Loescher, Mitchell E.; Sahay, Nishit
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Production of olefins from biorenewable feedstocks
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Marker, Terry L.
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Multitube reactor, vapor phase catalytic oxidation method using the multitube reactor, and start up method applied to the multitube reactor
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Yada, Shuhei; Hosaka, Hirochika; Goriki, Masayasu
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Process
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Tuck, Michael William Marshall; Tilley, Simon Nicholas
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Low temperature methods for hydrogen production
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Rogers, Charles J.
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Gasoline and diesel production from pyrolytic lignin produced from pyrolysis of cellulosic waste
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Marker, Terry L.; Petri, John A.
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Two-stage dehydration of sugars
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Holladay, Johnathan E.; Hu, Jianli; Wang, Yong
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Low-temperature hydrogen production from oxygenated hydrocarbons
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Cortright, Randy D.; Dumesic, James A.
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Method of forming a dianhydrosugar alcohol
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Holladay, Johnathan E.; Hu, Jianli; Wang, Yong
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Methods of producing compounds from plant materials
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Werpy, Todd; Schmidt, Andrew J.; Frye, Jr., John G.
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Method of producing lower alcohols from glycerol
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Suppes, Galen J.; Sutterlin, William Rusty; Dasari, Mohanprasad
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Process for producing cyclic compounds
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Werpy, Todd; Frey, Jr., John G.; White, James F.
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Catalyst and method for production of polyols by hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates
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Holcomb, Dale
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Methods and systems for generating polyols
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Cortright, Randy D.
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Quench box for a multi-bed, mixed-phase cocurrent downflow fixed-bed reactor
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Chou, Tai-Sheng
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Process for converting lignins into a high octane additive
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Process for converting lignins into a high octane blending component
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Shabtai, JOspeh S.; Zmierczak, Wlodzimierz W.; Chornet, Estaban
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Production of electricity from fuel cells achieved by biomass gasification
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Lightner, Gene F.
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Supported catalysts having a controlled coordination structure and methods for preparing such catalysts
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Zhou, Bing; Rueter, Michael; Parasher, Sukesh
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Methods of producing compounds from plant material
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Werpy, Todd A.; Schmidt, Andrew J.; Frye, Jr., John G.
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Tailored Fischer-Tropsch synthesis product distribution
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Wang, Yong; Cao, Chunshe; Li, Xiaohong Shari
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Low-temperature hydrogen production from oxygenated hydrocarbons
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Process for the production of hydrogen with very high purity from alcohols that comprise at least two carbon atoms
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Casanava, Dominique; Boudet, Nicolas
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Systems and methods for hydrogen production
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Jiang, Yi; Wright, Harold A.; Jack, Doug S.
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Catalytic method to remove CO and utilize its energy content in CO-containing streams
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Dumesic, James A.; Kim, Won Bae
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Hydrogenolysis of sugar feedstock
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Crabtree, Simon Peter; Tyers, Derek Vincent
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Catalyst for the production of polyols by hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates
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Holcomb, JR., Dale E.
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Synthesis of Liquid Fuels and Chemicals from Oxygenated Hydrocarbons
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Cortright, Randy D.; Blommel, Paul G.
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Synthesis of Liquid Fuels and Chemicals from Oxygenated Hydrocarbons
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Cortright, Randy D.; Blommel, Paul G.
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Synthesis of Liquid Fuels and Chemicals from Oxygenated Hydrocarbons
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Cortright, Randy D.; Blommel, Paul G.
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Catalysts and Methods for Reforming Oxygenated Compounds
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Cortright, Randy D.; Vollendorf, Nicholas W.; Hornemann, Charles C.
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Highly Dispersed Metal Catalysts
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Zhong, Ziyi; Lin, Jianyi
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Synthesis of Liquid Fuels from Biomass
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Gayubo, Ana G.; Aguayo, Andrés T.; Atutxa, Alaitz
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Acidity of Keggin-Type Heteropolycompounds Evaluated by Catalytic Probe Reactions, Sorption Microcalorimetry, and Density Functional Quantum Chemical Calculations
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Bardin, Billy B.; Bordawekar, Shailendra V.; Neurock, Matthew
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Single-reactor process for sequential aldol-condensation and hydrogenation of biomass-derived compounds in water
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Chiu, Chuang-Wei; Goff, Michael J.; Suppes, Galen J.
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Removal of Residual Catalyst from Simulated Biodiesel's Crude Glycerol for Glycerol Hydrogenolysis to Propylene Glycol
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Chiu, Chuang-Wei; Dasari, Mohanprasad A.; Sutterlin, Willam R.
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Processing biomass-derived oxygenates in the oil refinery: Catalytic cracking (FCC) reaction pathways and role of catalyst
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Corma, A.; Huber, G.; Sauvanaud, L.
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Hydrogen from catalytic reforming of biomass-derived hydrocarbons in liquid water
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Cortright, R. D.; Davda, R. R.; Dumesic, J. A.
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Low-pressure hydrogenolysis of glycerol to propylene glycol
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A comparative study of the conversion of ethanol and of ethylene over the "Mobil" zeolite catalyst, H-ZSM-5. An application of the Benzene Sequestration Test
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Dass, Desmond V.; Odell, Allan L.
Canadian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 67, Issue 11
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A review of catalytic issues and process conditions for renewable hydrogen and alkanes by aqueous-phase reforming of oxygenated hydrocarbons over supported metal catalysts
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Davda, R. R.; Shabaker, J. W.; Huber, G. W.
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Aqueous-phase reforming of ethylene glycol on silica-supported metal catalysts
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Catalytic Reforming of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons for Hydrogen with Low Levels of Carbon Monoxide
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Performance of RuSn catalysts supported on different oxides in the selective hydrogenation of dimethyl adipate
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Chemical Processing in High-Pressure Aqueous Environments. 7. Process Development for Catalytic Gasification of Wet Biomass Feedstocks
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Elliott, Douglas C.; Neuenschwander, Gary G.; Hart, Todd R.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 43, Issue 9, p. 1999-2004
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Chemical Processing in High-Pressure Aqueous Environments. 6. Demonstration of Catalytic Gasification for Chemical Manufacturing Wastewater Cleanup in Industrial Plants
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Elliott, Douglas C.; Neuenschwander, Gary G.; Phelps, Max R.
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Liquid Fuels by Low-Severity Hydrotreating of Biocrude
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Elliott, D. C.; Neuenschwander, G. G.
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Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose into Sugar Alcohols
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Fukuoka, Atsushi; Dhepe, Paresh L.
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Production of Liquid Alkanes by Aqueous-Phase Processing of Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates
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Huber, George W.; Chheda, Juben N.; Barrett, Christopher J.
Science, Vol. 308, Issue 5727, p. 1446-1450
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Raney Ni-Sn Catalyst for H2 Production from Biomass-Derived Hydrocarbons
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Renewable Alkanes by Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Biomass-Derived Oxygenates
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Huber, George W.; Cortright, Randy D.; Dumesic, James A.
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Kawai, Maki; Kawai, Tomoji; Tamaru, Kenzi
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Selective hydrogenation over ruthenium catalysts
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Kluson, Petr; Cerveny, Libor
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Dehydration of n-Butanol on Zeolite H-ZSM-5 and Amorphous Aluminosilicate: Detailed Mechanistic Study and the Effect of Pore Confinement
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Makarova, M. A.; Paukshtis, E. A.; Thomas, J. M.
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Hydrogen Production from Wet Cellulose by Low Temperature Gasification Using a Reduced Nickel Catalyst
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Minowa, Tomoaki; Ogi, Tomoko; Yokoyama, Shin-ya
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Miyazawa, Tomohisa; Kusunoki, Yohei; Kunimori, Kimio
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Joensen, Finn; Rostrup-Nielsen, Jens R.
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Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Ethylene Glycol Over Supported Platinum Catalysts
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Shabaker, J. W.; Huber, G. W.; Davda, R. R.
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Aqueous-phase reforming of methanol and ethylene glycol over alumina-supported platinum catalysts
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Shabaker, J.
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Aqueous-phase reforming of oxygenated hydrocarbons over Sn-modified Ni catalysts
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Shabaker, J. W.; Huber, G. W.; Dumesic, J. A.
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Shabaker, J.; Simonetti, D.; Cortright, R.
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Kinetics of Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons: Pt/Al ₂ O ₃ and Sn-Modified Ni Catalysts
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Shabaker, John W.; Dumesic, James A.
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Role of catalyst preparation on determining selective sites for hydrogenation of dimethyl adipate over RuSn/Al₂O₃
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Direct Synthesis of n -Butanol from Ethanol over Nonstoichiometric Hydroxyapatite
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Tsuchida, Takashi; Sakuma, Shuji; Takeguchi, Tatsuya
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Catalytic steam reforming of biomass-derived oxygenates: acetic acid and hydroxyacetaldehyde
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Wang, D.; Montané, D.; Chornet, E.
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Title: Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor

Abstract

Citation Formats

Process for the Production of Glycerol and Glycols from Sugar Alcohols patent, December 1960

Conversion of alcohols, mercaptans, sulfides, halides and/or amines patent, July 1975

Novel catalyst and its use for steam hydroconversion and dealkylation processes patent, March 1977

Production of hydrogen from carbon monoxide and water patent, September 1980

Hydrogenation of saccharides patent, April 1983

Method for hydrogenating aqueous solutions of carbohydrates patent, April 1983

Method for hydrogenating aqueous solutions of carbohydrates patent, May 1983

Hydrogenolysis of polyhydroxylated compounds patent, August 1983

Catalytic conversion of olefins to higher hydrocarbons patent, June 1984

Two stage hydrogenolysis of carbohydrate to glycols using sulfide modified ruthenium catalyst in second stage patent, October 1984

Method for hydrogenating aqueous solutions of carbohydrates patent, December 1984

Hydrocracking of polyols patent, January 1985

Ruthenium hydrogenation catalyst with increased activity patent, March 1985

Fuel compositions patent, September 1985

Multistage process for converting oxygenates to liquid hydrocarbons with ethene recycle patent, September 1985

Two stage process for improving the catalyst life of zeolites in the synthesis of lower olefins from alcohols and their ether derivatives patent, November 1985

Production of propanediols patent, February 1987

Process for producing jet fuel with ZSM-22 containing catalist patent, January 1988

Titanosilicates of enhanced ion exchange capacity and their preparation patent, May 1989

Multistage reactor system for production of fuels patent, December 1989

Multistage catalytic reactor system for production of heavy hydrocarbons patent, April 1990

Multistage process for oxygenate conversion to hydrocarbons patent, June 1990

Ether and hydrocarbon production patent, March 1991

Apparatus for production of synthesis gas using convective reforming patent, April 1991

Method for the catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic materials patent, May 1991

Hydrocracking of carbohydrates making glycerol, glycols and other polyols patent, June 1991

Ether and hydrocarbon production patent, March 1992

Catalyst and process for upgrading methane to higher hydrocarbons patent, April 1992

Reactor system for conversion of alcohols to ether-rich gasoline patent, July 1992

Special purpose blends of hydrogen and natural gas patent, August 1992

Tube bundle reactor, use thereof in exothermic organic reactions, and preparation of ketones and aldehydes using same patent, September 1992

Integrated process for converting methanol to gasoline and distillates patent, January 1993

Method of hydrogenating glycerol patent, May 1993

Catalyst and process for upgrading methane to higher hydrocarbons patent, August 1993

Manufacture of 1,2-propylene glycol patent, April 1994

Hydrogenation catalyst, and a method for its preparation and use, in particular for hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates and polyhydric alcohols patent, July 1994

Catalytic process for the production of hydrocarbons patent, September 1994

Method for producing lower polyhydric alcohols by hydrogenolysis of higher polyhydric alcohols patent, October 1994

Catalyst for reducing lower polyhydric alcohols by hydrogenolysisal higher polyhydric alcohols and method for preparing catalyst patent, March 1996

Process to convert biomass and refuse derived fuel to ethers and/or alcohols patent, April 1996

Hydrogenation catalyst, and a method for its preparation and use, in particular for hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates and polyhydric alcohols patent, August 1996

Method of producing off-gas having a selected ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen patent, November 1996

Method for producing lower polyhydric alcohols and a new ruthenium-based catalyst used in this method patent, February 1997

Method for the catalytic conversion of organic materials into a product gas patent, April 1997

Preparation of 1,2-propanediol patent, April 1997

Multi-bed downflow reactor patent, June 1997

Method of producing hydrogen from biomass patent, July 1997

Hydrogen enriched natural gas as a clean motor fuel patent, August 1997

Hydrogen enriched natural gas as a motor fuel with variable air fuel ratio and fuel mixture ratio control patent, September 1997

Hydrogen enriched natural gas as a motor fuel with variable air fuel ratio and fuel mixture ratio control patent, August 1998

Regeneration of catalyst comprising flushing with inert gas followed by flushing with hydrogen patent, October 1998

Steam reformer with internal hydrogen purification patent, January 1999

Process for conversion of lignin to reformulated hydrocarbon gasoline patent, September 1999

Three stage cocurrent liquid and vapor hydroprocessing patent, April 2000

Process and preparation of hydrogen-rich gas patent, May 2000

Method for aqueous phase reactions patent, November 2000

Treatment process for a methanol reforming catalyst therefor patent, January 2001

Process for conversion of lignin to reformulated, partially oxygenated gasoline patent, January 2001

Process for producing high purity hydrogen patent, March 2001

Ruthenium on rutile catalyst, catalytic system, and method for aqueous phase hydrogenations patent, May 2001

Ruthenium-based catalyst for producing lower polyhydric alcohols patent, August 2001

Method for the treatment of a methanol reforming catalyst patent, August 2001

Catalysts and process for hydrogenolysis of sugar alcohols to polyols patent, September 2001

Synthesis method of chemical industrial raw material and high-octane fuel, and high-octane fuel composition patent, November 2001

Catalyst for manufacturing hydrogen or synthesis gas and manufacturing method of hydrogen or synthesis gas patent, March 2002

Catalyst system for converting oxygenated hydrocarbons to aromatics patent, April 2002

Method and device for ion generation patent, April 2002

Process for the production of hydrogen and electrical energy from reforming of bio-ethanol with the use of fuel cells and with zero emission of pollutants patent, May 2002

Octane enhanced natural gas for internal combustion engine patent, June 2002

Method of using catalyst for steam reforming of alcohols patent, July 2002

Alumina-supported ruthenium catalyst patent, August 2002

Catalyst, method of making, and reactions using the catalyst patent, August 2002

Long life hydrocarbon conversion catalyst and method of making patent, November 2002

Hydrogenolysis of 5-carbon sugars, sugar alcohols, and other methods and compositions for reactions involving hydrogen patent, November 2002

Method for producing alcohols by hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds patent, November 2002

System for hydrogen generation through steam reforming of hydrocarbons and integrated chemical reactor for hydrogen production from hydrocarbons patent, December 2002

Reformed natural gas for powering an internal combustion engine patent, January 2003

Process for the Production of Glycerol and Glycols from Sugar Alcohols
patent, December 1960

Conversion of alcohols, mercaptans, sulfides, halides and/or amines
patent, July 1975

Novel catalyst and its use for steam hydroconversion and dealkylation processes
patent, March 1977

Production of hydrogen from carbon monoxide and water
patent, September 1980

Hydrogenation of saccharides
patent, April 1983

Method for hydrogenating aqueous solutions of carbohydrates
patent, April 1983

Method for hydrogenating aqueous solutions of carbohydrates
patent, May 1983

Hydrogenolysis of polyhydroxylated compounds
patent, August 1983

Catalytic conversion of olefins to higher hydrocarbons
patent, June 1984

Two stage hydrogenolysis of carbohydrate to glycols using sulfide modified ruthenium catalyst in second stage
patent, October 1984

Method for hydrogenating aqueous solutions of carbohydrates
patent, December 1984

Hydrocracking of polyols
patent, January 1985

Ruthenium hydrogenation catalyst with increased activity
patent, March 1985

Fuel compositions
patent, September 1985

Multistage process for converting oxygenates to liquid hydrocarbons with ethene recycle
patent, September 1985

Two stage process for improving the catalyst life of zeolites in the synthesis of lower olefins from alcohols and their ether derivatives
patent, November 1985

Production of propanediols
patent, February 1987

Process for producing jet fuel with ZSM-22 containing catalist
patent, January 1988

Titanosilicates of enhanced ion exchange capacity and their preparation
patent, May 1989

Multistage reactor system for production of fuels
patent, December 1989

Multistage catalytic reactor system for production of heavy hydrocarbons
patent, April 1990

Multistage process for oxygenate conversion to hydrocarbons
patent, June 1990

Ether and hydrocarbon production
patent, March 1991

Apparatus for production of synthesis gas using convective reforming
patent, April 1991

Method for the catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic materials
patent, May 1991

Hydrocracking of carbohydrates making glycerol, glycols and other polyols
patent, June 1991

Ether and hydrocarbon production
patent, March 1992

Catalyst and process for upgrading methane to higher hydrocarbons
patent, April 1992

Reactor system for conversion of alcohols to ether-rich gasoline
patent, July 1992

Special purpose blends of hydrogen and natural gas
patent, August 1992

Tube bundle reactor, use thereof in exothermic organic reactions, and preparation of ketones and aldehydes using same
patent, September 1992

Integrated process for converting methanol to gasoline and distillates
patent, January 1993

Method of hydrogenating glycerol
patent, May 1993

Catalyst and process for upgrading methane to higher hydrocarbons
patent, August 1993

Manufacture of 1,2-propylene glycol
patent, April 1994

Hydrogenation catalyst, and a method for its preparation and use, in particular for hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates and polyhydric alcohols
patent, July 1994

Catalytic process for the production of hydrocarbons
patent, September 1994

Method for producing lower polyhydric alcohols by hydrogenolysis of higher polyhydric alcohols
patent, October 1994

Catalyst for reducing lower polyhydric alcohols by hydrogenolysisal higher polyhydric alcohols and method for preparing catalyst
patent, March 1996

Process to convert biomass and refuse derived fuel to ethers and/or alcohols
patent, April 1996

Hydrogenation catalyst, and a method for its preparation and use, in particular for hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates and polyhydric alcohols
patent, August 1996

Method of producing off-gas having a selected ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen
patent, November 1996

Method for producing lower polyhydric alcohols and a new ruthenium-based catalyst used in this method
patent, February 1997

Method for the catalytic conversion of organic materials into a product gas
patent, April 1997

Preparation of 1,2-propanediol
patent, April 1997

Multi-bed downflow reactor
patent, June 1997

Method of producing hydrogen from biomass
patent, July 1997

Hydrogen enriched natural gas as a clean motor fuel
patent, August 1997

Hydrogen enriched natural gas as a motor fuel with variable air fuel ratio and fuel mixture ratio control
patent, September 1997

Hydrogen enriched natural gas as a motor fuel with variable air fuel ratio and fuel mixture ratio control
patent, August 1998

Regeneration of catalyst comprising flushing with inert gas followed by flushing with hydrogen
patent, October 1998

Steam reformer with internal hydrogen purification
patent, January 1999

Process for conversion of lignin to reformulated hydrocarbon gasoline
patent, September 1999

Three stage cocurrent liquid and vapor hydroprocessing
patent, April 2000

Process and preparation of hydrogen-rich gas
patent, May 2000

Method for aqueous phase reactions
patent, November 2000

Treatment process for a methanol reforming catalyst therefor
patent, January 2001

Process for conversion of lignin to reformulated, partially oxygenated gasoline
patent, January 2001

Process for producing high purity hydrogen
patent, March 2001

Ruthenium on rutile catalyst, catalytic system, and method for aqueous phase hydrogenations
patent, May 2001

Ruthenium-based catalyst for producing lower polyhydric alcohols
patent, August 2001

Method for the treatment of a methanol reforming catalyst
patent, August 2001

Catalysts and process for hydrogenolysis of sugar alcohols to polyols
patent, September 2001

Synthesis method of chemical industrial raw material and high-octane fuel, and high-octane fuel composition
patent, November 2001

Catalyst for manufacturing hydrogen or synthesis gas and manufacturing method of hydrogen or synthesis gas
patent, March 2002

Catalyst system for converting oxygenated hydrocarbons to aromatics
patent, April 2002

Method and device for ion generation
patent, April 2002

Process for the production of hydrogen and electrical energy from reforming of bio-ethanol with the use of fuel cells and with zero emission of pollutants
patent, May 2002

Octane enhanced natural gas for internal combustion engine
patent, June 2002

Method of using catalyst for steam reforming of alcohols
patent, July 2002

Alumina-supported ruthenium catalyst
patent, August 2002

Catalyst, method of making, and reactions using the catalyst
patent, August 2002

Long life hydrocarbon conversion catalyst and method of making
patent, November 2002

Hydrogenolysis of 5-carbon sugars, sugar alcohols, and other methods and compositions for reactions involving hydrogen
patent, November 2002

Method for producing alcohols by hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds
patent, November 2002

System for hydrogen generation through steam reforming of hydrocarbons and integrated chemical reactor for hydrogen production from hydrocarbons
patent, December 2002

Reformed natural gas for powering an internal combustion engine
patent, January 2003

Converting sugars to sugar alcohols by aqueous phase catalytic hydrogenation
patent, May 2003

Shell-and-tube reactor
patent, June 2003

Production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons
patent, August 2003