Title: High elastic modulus polymer electrolytes suitable for preventing thermal runaway in lithium batteries

Abstract

A polymer that combines high ionic conductivity with the structural properties required for Li electrode stability is useful as a solid phase electrolyte for high energy density, high cycle life batteries that do not suffer from failures due to side reactions and dendrite growth on the Li electrodes, and other potential applications. The polymer electrolyte includes a linear block copolymer having a conductive linear polymer block with a molecular weight of at least 5000 Daltons, a structural linear polymer block with an elastic modulus in excess of 1.times.10.sup.7 Pa and an ionic conductivity of at least 1.times.10.sup.-5 Scm.sup.-1. The electrolyte is made under dry conditions to achieve the noted characteristics. In another aspect, the electrolyte exhibits a conductivity drop when the temperature of electrolyte increases over a threshold temperature, thereby providing a shutoff mechanism for preventing thermal runaway in lithium battery cells.

Inventors:

Mullin, Scott; Panday, Ashoutosh; Balsara, Nitash Pervez; Singh, Mohit; Eitouni, Hany Basam; Gomez, Enrique Daniel

Issue Date:

2014-04-22

Research Org.:

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1129388

Patent Number(s):

8703310

Application Number:

13/664,345

Assignee:

The Regents of the University of California (Oakland, CA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08F - MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS

C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08L - COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

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C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08F - MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS

C08F297/02 - using a catalyst of the anionic type

C - CHEMISTRY C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS C08L - COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

C08L2666/02 - Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
C08L53/00 - Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

G - PHYSICS G01 - MEASURING G01N - INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

G01N27/4166 - {measuring a particular property of an electrolyte}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01B - CABLES

H01B1/122 - {Ionic conductors}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M10/052 - Li-accumulators
H01M10/0565 - Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
H01M10/443 - {in response to temperature}
H01M2300/0082 - Organic polymers

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/10 - Energy storage

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DOE Contract Number:  

AC02-05CH11231

Resource Type:

Patent

Resource Relation:

Patent File Date: 2012 Oct 30

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

25 ENERGY STORAGE