LED structure with enhanced mirror reflectivity

Bergmann, Michael; Donofrio, Matthew; Heikman, Sten; Schneider, Kevin S; Haberern, Kevin W; Edmond, John A

Title: LED structure with enhanced mirror reflectivity

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention are generally related to LED chips having improved overall emission by reducing the light-absorbing effects of barrier layers adjacent mirror contacts. In one embodiment, a LED chip comprises one or more LEDs, with each LED having an active region, a first contact under the active region having a highly reflective mirror, and a barrier layer adjacent the mirror. The barrier layer is smaller than the mirror such that it does not extend beyond the periphery of the mirror. In another possible embodiment, an insulator is further provided, with the insulator adjacent the barrier layer and adjacent portions of the mirror not contacted by the active region or by the barrier layer. In yet another embodiment, a second contact is provided on the active region. In a further embodiment, the barrier layer is smaller than the mirror such that the periphery of the mirror is at least 40% free of the barrier layer, and the second contact is below the first contact and accessible from the bottom of the chip.

Inventors:: Bergmann, Michael; Donofrio, Matthew; Heikman, Sten; Schneider, Kevin S; Haberern, Kevin W; Edmond, John A

Issue Date:: Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014

Research Org.:: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, Morgantown, WV (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1128704

Patent Number(s):: 8686429

Application Number:: 13/168,689

Assignee:: Cree, Inc. (Durham, NC)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01L - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

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H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01L - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
H01L2224/48091 - Arched
H01L2224/48247 - connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
H01L2224/73265 - Layer and wire connectors
H01L2924/00014 - the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
H01L2933/0016 - relating to electrodes
H01L33/08 - with a plurality of light emitting regions, e.g. laterally discontinuous light emitting layer or photoluminescent region integrated within the semiconductor body
H01L33/32 - containing nitrogen
H01L33/382 - {the electrode extending partially in or entirely through the semiconductor body}
H01L33/385 - {the electrode extending at least partially onto a side surface of the semiconductor body}
H01L33/405 - {Reflective materials}
H01L33/46 - Reflective coating, e.g. dielectric Bragg reflector
H01L33/60 - Reflective elements

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DOE Contract Number:: EE0000641

Resource Type:: Patent

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2011 Jun 24

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING

Citation Formats


                    Bergmann, Michael, Donofrio, Matthew, Heikman, Sten, Schneider, Kevin S, Haberern, Kevin W, and Edmond, John A. LED structure with enhanced mirror reflectivity.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
        Web.

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                    Bergmann, Michael, Donofrio, Matthew, Heikman, Sten, Schneider, Kevin S, Haberern, Kevin W, & Edmond, John A. LED structure with enhanced mirror reflectivity.  United States.

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                    Bergmann, Michael, Donofrio, Matthew, Heikman, Sten, Schneider, Kevin S, Haberern, Kevin W, and Edmond, John A. Tue .  
        "LED structure with enhanced mirror reflectivity".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1128704.

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@article{osti_1128704,

  title        = {LED structure with enhanced mirror reflectivity},

  author       = {Bergmann, Michael and Donofrio, Matthew and Heikman, Sten and Schneider, Kevin S and Haberern, Kevin W and Edmond, John A},

  abstractNote = {Embodiments of the present invention are generally related to LED chips having improved overall emission by reducing the light-absorbing effects of barrier layers adjacent mirror contacts. In one embodiment, a LED chip comprises one or more LEDs, with each LED having an active region, a first contact under the active region having a highly reflective mirror, and a barrier layer adjacent the mirror. The barrier layer is smaller than the mirror such that it does not extend beyond the periphery of the mirror. In another possible embodiment, an insulator is further provided, with the insulator adjacent the barrier layer and adjacent portions of the mirror not contacted by the active region or by the barrier layer. In yet another embodiment, a second contact is provided on the active region. In a further embodiment, the barrier layer is smaller than the mirror such that the periphery of the mirror is at least 40% free of the barrier layer, and the second contact is below the first contact and accessible from the bottom of the chip.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014},

  month        = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014}

}

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Applied Surface Science, Vol. 253, Issue 23, p. 9085-9090
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.05.032

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US Patent Document 9,435,493
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US Patent Document 9,362,459
URL: https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/9362459

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Title: LED structure with enhanced mirror reflectivity

Abstract

Citation Formats

Reflector lamp with shaped reflector and lens patent, December 1983

Method of preparing silicon carbide surfaces for crystal growth patent, August 1990

Method of improving mechanically prepared substrate surfaces of alpha silicon carbide for deposition of beta silicon carbide thereon and resulting product patent, April 1993

Sublimation of silicon carbide to produce large, device quality single crystals of silicon carbide patent, February 1995

Ultrafast laser with multiply-folded resonant cavity patent, June 1999

Light-emitting diode indicator lamp patent, June 2002

Method for manufacturing a light assembly from interchangeable components with different characteristics patent, September 2002

LED lighting equipment for vehicle patent, May 2003

Reflector for a projection light source patent, July 2003

Enhanced light extraction in LEDs through the use of internal and external optical elements patent, December 2003

Optical device, surface emitting type device and method for manufacturing the same patent, April 2004

LED lighting device patent, July 2004

Bulb-type lamp and manufacturing method for the bulb-type lamp patent, September 2004

Flip-chip light-emitting device patent, November 2004

Light projector patent, November 2004

Lighting device for motor vehicles patent, January 2006

Low-power high-intensity lighting apparatus patent, June 2006

Lighting device and lighting method patent, May 2007

Utility lamp patent, October 2007

LED electrode patent, August 2009

Highly reflective mounting arrangement for LEDs patent, November 2009

Lighting device patent, May 2010

High efficiency LED with tunnel junction layer patent, June 2010

Lamp using a light emitting diode (LED) as a light source patent, August 2010

Light emitting devices having current reducing structures and methods of forming light emitting devices having current reducing structures patent, September 2010

Solid state lighting component patent, October 2010

LED light source with light refractor and reflector patent, April 2011

Vertical LED with conductive vias patent, July 2012

Highly reflective mounting arrangement for LEDs patent, December 2012

Semiconductor LED flip-chip with high reflectivity dielectric coating on the mesa patent-application, February 2003

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser including a supported airgap distributed Bragg reflector patent-application, July 2003

Light emitting diodes including pedestals patent-application, November 2004

Back-reflecting LED light source patent-application, August 2005

Opposed terminal structure having a nitride semiconductor element patent-application, September 2005

Light emitting diode and method of the same patent-application, November 2005

High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface patent-application, March 2006

Light emitting device patent-application, July 2006

LED with current confinement structure and surface roughening patent-application, July 2006

LED wafer-level chip scale packaging patent-application, December 2006

Lighting Device patent-application, June 2007

Low optical loss electrode structures for LEDs patent-application, June 2007

Close loop electrophoretic deposition of semiconductor devices patent-application, July 2007

Reflective illumination device patent-application, September 2007

Semiconductor light emitting device patent-application, March 2008

Led lamp structure patent-application, May 2008

Wafer level phosphor coating method and devices fabricated utilizing method patent-application, July 2008

Wafer level phosphor coating method and devices fabricated utilizing method patent-application, July 2008

Electrode and group III nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device having the electrode patent-application, August 2008

Light-emitting diode and method for manufacturing the same patent-application, August 2008

Optoelectronic Component patent-application, October 2008

Solid State Illumination Device patent-application, December 2008

Solid state lighting component patent-application, February 2009

Wire bond free wafer level LED patent-application, May 2009

Light-Emitting Diode Device and Manufacturing Method Thereof patent-application, June 2009

Reflective Variable Spot Size Lighting Devices and Systems patent-application, September 2009

Light source with near field mixing patent-application, November 2009

Semiconductor light emitting diodes having reflective structures and methods of fabricating same patent-application, November 2009

Light Emitting Diode Illuminating Apparatus with Same-Type Light Emitting Diodes patent-application, January 2010

Light Emitting Diode and Fabrication Thereof patent-application, January 2010

Omnidirectional Reflector patent-application, February 2010

Folded Light Path LED Array Collimation Optic patent-application, February 2010

Method for Manufacturing Semiconductor Light Emitting Apparatus and Semiconductor Light Emitting Apparatus patent-application,

Light Emitting Device and Method of Fabrication the Same patent-application, March 2010

Light-emitting element capable of increasing amount of light emitted, light-emitting device including the same, and method of manufacturing light-emitting element and light-emitting device patent-application, March 2010

Lighting Device, Heat Transfer Structure and Heat Transfer Element patent-application, April 2010

Multi-chip light emitting diode modules patent-application, May 2010

Composite high reflectivity layer patent-application, June 2010

Light Emitting Diode with Improved Light Extraction patent-application, June 2010

High Voltage Low Current Surface Emitting LED patent-application, June 2010

Lamp Using a Light Emitting Diode (LED) as a Light Source patent-application, July 2010

High voltage low current surface emitting LED patent-application, October 2010

High Reflectivity Mirrors and Method for Making Same patent-application, March 2011

Lighting device with position-retaining element patent-application, March 2011

High-Performance GaN-Based Vertical-Injection Light-Emitting Diodes With TiO$_{2}$–SiO$_{2}$ Omnidirectional Reflector and n-GaN Roughness journal, January 2007

GaInN light-emitting diodes with RuO2/SiO2/Ag omni-directional reflector journal, May 2004

Efficiency enhancement of InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes with a back-surface distributed bragg reflector journal, December 2003

Enhancing extraction efficiency from GaN-based LED by using an omni-directional reflector and photonic crystal journal, November 2009

Reflector lamp with shaped reflector and lens
patent, December 1983

Method of preparing silicon carbide surfaces for crystal growth
patent, August 1990

Method of improving mechanically prepared substrate surfaces of alpha silicon carbide for deposition of beta silicon carbide thereon and resulting product
patent, April 1993

Sublimation of silicon carbide to produce large, device quality single crystals of silicon carbide
patent, February 1995

Ultrafast laser with multiply-folded resonant cavity
patent, June 1999

Light-emitting diode indicator lamp
patent, June 2002

Method for manufacturing a light assembly from interchangeable components with different characteristics
patent, September 2002

LED lighting equipment for vehicle
patent, May 2003

Reflector for a projection light source
patent, July 2003

Enhanced light extraction in LEDs through the use of internal and external optical elements
patent, December 2003

Optical device, surface emitting type device and method for manufacturing the same
patent, April 2004

LED lighting device
patent, July 2004

Bulb-type lamp and manufacturing method for the bulb-type lamp
patent, September 2004

Flip-chip light-emitting device
patent, November 2004

Light projector
patent, November 2004

Lighting device for motor vehicles
patent, January 2006

Low-power high-intensity lighting apparatus
patent, June 2006

Lighting device and lighting method
patent, May 2007

Utility lamp
patent, October 2007

LED electrode
patent, August 2009

Highly reflective mounting arrangement for LEDs
patent, November 2009

Lighting device
patent, May 2010

High efficiency LED with tunnel junction layer
patent, June 2010

Lamp using a light emitting diode (LED) as a light source
patent, August 2010

Light emitting devices having current reducing structures and methods of forming light emitting devices having current reducing structures
patent, September 2010

Solid state lighting component
patent, October 2010

LED light source with light refractor and reflector
patent, April 2011

Vertical LED with conductive vias
patent, July 2012

Highly reflective mounting arrangement for LEDs
patent, December 2012

Semiconductor LED flip-chip with high reflectivity dielectric coating on the mesa
patent-application, February 2003

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser including a supported airgap distributed Bragg reflector
patent-application, July 2003

Light emitting diodes including pedestals
patent-application, November 2004

Back-reflecting LED light source
patent-application, August 2005

Opposed terminal structure having a nitride semiconductor element
patent-application, September 2005

Light emitting diode and method of the same
patent-application, November 2005

High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface
patent-application, March 2006

Light emitting device
patent-application, July 2006

LED with current confinement structure and surface roughening
patent-application, July 2006

LED wafer-level chip scale packaging
patent-application, December 2006

Lighting Device
patent-application, June 2007

Low optical loss electrode structures for LEDs
patent-application, June 2007

Close loop electrophoretic deposition of semiconductor devices
patent-application, July 2007

Reflective illumination device
patent-application, September 2007

Semiconductor light emitting device
patent-application, March 2008

Led lamp structure
patent-application, May 2008

Wafer level phosphor coating method and devices fabricated utilizing method
patent-application, July 2008

Wafer level phosphor coating method and devices fabricated utilizing method
patent-application, July 2008

Electrode and group III nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device having the electrode
patent-application, August 2008

Light-emitting diode and method for manufacturing the same
patent-application, August 2008

Optoelectronic Component
patent-application, October 2008

Solid State Illumination Device
patent-application, December 2008

Solid state lighting component
patent-application, February 2009

Wire bond free wafer level LED
patent-application, May 2009

Light-Emitting Diode Device and Manufacturing Method Thereof
patent-application, June 2009

Reflective Variable Spot Size Lighting Devices and Systems
patent-application, September 2009

Light source with near field mixing
patent-application, November 2009

Semiconductor light emitting diodes having reflective structures and methods of fabricating same
patent-application, November 2009

Light Emitting Diode Illuminating Apparatus with Same-Type Light Emitting Diodes
patent-application, January 2010

Light Emitting Diode and Fabrication Thereof
patent-application, January 2010

Omnidirectional Reflector
patent-application, February 2010

Folded Light Path LED Array Collimation Optic
patent-application, February 2010

Method for Manufacturing Semiconductor Light Emitting Apparatus and Semiconductor Light Emitting Apparatus
patent-application,

Light Emitting Device and Method of Fabrication the Same
patent-application, March 2010

Light-emitting element capable of increasing amount of light emitted, light-emitting device including the same, and method of manufacturing light-emitting element and light-emitting device
patent-application, March 2010

Lighting Device, Heat Transfer Structure and Heat Transfer Element
patent-application, April 2010

Multi-chip light emitting diode modules
patent-application, May 2010

Composite high reflectivity layer
patent-application, June 2010

Light Emitting Diode with Improved Light Extraction
patent-application, June 2010

High Voltage Low Current Surface Emitting LED
patent-application, June 2010

Lamp Using a Light Emitting Diode (LED) as a Light Source
patent-application, July 2010

High voltage low current surface emitting LED
patent-application, October 2010

High Reflectivity Mirrors and Method for Making Same
patent-application, March 2011

Lighting device with position-retaining element
patent-application, March 2011

High-Performance GaN-Based Vertical-Injection Light-Emitting Diodes With TiO$_{2}$–SiO$_{2}$ Omnidirectional Reflector and n-GaN Roughness
journal, January 2007

GaInN light-emitting diodes with RuO2/SiO2/Ag omni-directional reflector
journal, May 2004

Efficiency enhancement of InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes with a back-surface distributed bragg reflector
journal, December 2003

Enhancing extraction efficiency from GaN-based LED by using an omni-directional reflector and photonic crystal
journal, November 2009

Optical thin-film materials with low refractive index for broadband elimination of Fresnel reflection
journal, March 2007

Enhancement of InGaN–GaN Indium–Tin–Oxide Flip-Chip Light-Emitting Diodes With TiO$_2$–SiO$_2$Multilayer Stack Omnidirectional Reflector
journal, October 2006

Impact of texture-enhanced transmission on high-efficiency surface-textured light-emitting diodes
journal, October 2001