Title: Grid regulation services for energy storage devices based on grid frequency

Abstract

Disclosed herein are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for charging and discharging an energy storage device connected to an electrical power distribution system. In one exemplary embodiment, a controller monitors electrical characteristics of an electrical power distribution system and provides an output to a bi-directional charger causing the charger to charge or discharge an energy storage device (e.g., a battery in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV)). The controller can help stabilize the electrical power distribution system by increasing the charging rate when there is excess power in the electrical power distribution system (e.g., when the frequency of an AC power grid exceeds an average value), or by discharging power from the energy storage device to stabilize the grid when there is a shortage of power in the electrical power distribution system (e.g., when the frequency of an AC power grid is below an average value).

Inventors:

Pratt, Richard M; Hammerstrom, Donald J; Kintner-Meyer, Michael C.W.; Tuffner, Francis K

Issue Date:

Tue Jul 02 00:00:00 EDT 2013

Research Org.:

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1086683

Patent Number(s):

8478452

Application Number:

12/755,260

Assignee:

Battelle Memorial Institute (Richland, WA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL B60L - PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES

G - PHYSICS G05 - CONTROLLING G05B - CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL

Show more

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL B60L - PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES

B60L2210/30 - AC to DC converters
B60L2210/40 - DC to AC converters
B60L2240/70 - Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
B60L2240/80 - Time limits
B60L2250/12 - by confirmation, e.g. of the input
B60L2260/58 - Departure time prediction
B60L53/16 - Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
B60L53/305 - {Communication interfaces}
B60L53/51 - Photovoltaic means
B60L53/53 - Batteries
B60L53/56 - Mechanical storage means, e.g. fly wheels
B60L53/63 - in response to network capacity
B60L53/65 - involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
B60L53/68 - Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
B60L55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
B60L58/13 - Maintaining the SoC within a determined range

G - PHYSICS G05 - CONTROLLING G05B - CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL

G05B13/02 - electric
G05B15/02 - electric

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M10/44 - Methods for charging or discharging

H - ELECTRICITY H02 - GENERATION H02J - CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER

H02J13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network
H02J13/00006 - {characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment}
H02J3/241 - {The oscillation concerning frequency}
H02J3/322 - {the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging}
H02J7/0068 - {Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02B - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS

Y02B90/20 - Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies mediating in the improvement of the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/00 - Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Y02E60/10 - Energy storage

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02T - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

Y02T10/70 - Energy storage for electromobility
Y02T10/7072 - Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Y02T10/72 - Electric energy management in electromobility
Y02T90/12 - Electric charging stations
Y02T90/14 - Plug-in electric vehicles
Y02T90/16 - Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Y02T90/167 - Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y04 - INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS Y04S - SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

Y04S10/126 - the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
Y04S10/14 - the elements or equipments being or involving energy storage units
Y04S30/12 - Remote or cooperative charging
Y04S30/14 - Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
Y04S40/12 - characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment

Show less

DOE Contract Number:  

AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:

Patent

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

25 ENERGY STORAGE