Abstract
A numerical model is implemented to study cell venting, internal pressure, and gas-phase dynamics behavior of Li-ion cells undergoing thermal runaway. A k-ɛ Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model is adopted to describe the turbulent flow out of the cells, while the fluid dynamics inside the cells is described by Darcy-Forchheimer’s equation. Thermal abuse reactions and gas generation kinetics are described by a single-step lumped reaction model. A series of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are conducted on a single cell at various states-of-charge (100%, 50%, 25%) to demonstrate detailed flow and thermal behavior as a function of quantity of gas generated during cell venting. Venting events are categorized into two stages: i) breaching of the cell container and ii) thermal runaway reactions. It is shown that the cell response is dominated by the second stage since most of the gases are generated during thermal runaway. Also, the propensity for propagation is highly affected by state-of-charge (SOC). Cells at higher SOCs produce more heat and gas during the venting event, owing to higher mass and concentrations of reacting gases, and consequently reach higher internal cell pressures which increase the risk of side-wall breaching.
- Developers:
-
Kim, Jinyong [1] ; Mallarapu, Anudeep [1] ; Finegan, Donal [1] ; Santhanagopalan, Shriram [1]
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Release Date:
- 2020-12-21
- Project Type:
- Closed Source
- Software Type:
- Scientific
- Sponsoring Org.:
-
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies OfficePrimary Award/Contract Number:AC36-08GO28308
- Code ID:
- 58096
- Site Accession Number:
- SWR-21-19
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Country of Origin:
- United States
Citation Formats
Kim, Jinyong, Mallarapu, Anudeep, Finegan, Donal, and Santhanagopalan, Shriram.
Gas Generation Models for Thermal Runaway in Lithium Ion Batteries.
Computer Software.
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office.
21 Dec. 2020.
Web.
doi:10.11578/dc.20210805.2.
Kim, Jinyong, Mallarapu, Anudeep, Finegan, Donal, & Santhanagopalan, Shriram.
(2020, December 21).
Gas Generation Models for Thermal Runaway in Lithium Ion Batteries.
[Computer software].
https://doi.org/10.11578/dc.20210805.2.
Kim, Jinyong, Mallarapu, Anudeep, Finegan, Donal, and Santhanagopalan, Shriram.
"Gas Generation Models for Thermal Runaway in Lithium Ion Batteries." Computer software.
December 21, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.11578/dc.20210805.2.
@misc{
doecode_58096,
title = {Gas Generation Models for Thermal Runaway in Lithium Ion Batteries},
author = {Kim, Jinyong and Mallarapu, Anudeep and Finegan, Donal and Santhanagopalan, Shriram},
abstractNote = {A numerical model is implemented to study cell venting, internal pressure, and gas-phase dynamics behavior of Li-ion cells undergoing thermal runaway. A k-ɛ Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model is adopted to describe the turbulent flow out of the cells, while the fluid dynamics inside the cells is described by Darcy-Forchheimer’s equation. Thermal abuse reactions and gas generation kinetics are described by a single-step lumped reaction model. A series of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are conducted on a single cell at various states-of-charge (100%, 50%, 25%) to demonstrate detailed flow and thermal behavior as a function of quantity of gas generated during cell venting. Venting events are categorized into two stages: i) breaching of the cell container and ii) thermal runaway reactions. It is shown that the cell response is dominated by the second stage since most of the gases are generated during thermal runaway. Also, the propensity for propagation is highly affected by state-of-charge (SOC). Cells at higher SOCs produce more heat and gas during the venting event, owing to higher mass and concentrations of reacting gases, and consequently reach higher internal cell pressures which increase the risk of side-wall breaching.},
doi = {10.11578/dc.20210805.2},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11578/dc.20210805.2},
howpublished = {[Computer Software] \url{https://doi.org/10.11578/dc.20210805.2}},
year = {2020},
month = {dec}
}